Prevention of Future Deaths reports · 2018

Christine Withers

Regulation 28 report to prevent future deaths, reference 2018-0127, written 1 May 2018. A coroner writes one of these when an inquest reveals a risk that could cause further deaths unless something changes.

Date of report1 May 2018
Reference2018-0127
DeceasedChristine Withers
CoronerZafar Siddique
Coroner areaBlack Country
CategoryHospital Death (Clinical Procedures and medical management) related deaths
Organisation namedThe Dudley Group NHS Foundation Trust
Sourcejudiciary.uk record · original PDF
Responses published1

The report

Text extracted from the PDF text layer. Reproduced verbatim, including the scan's own layout.

REGULATION 28:  REPORT TO PREVENT FUTURE DEATHS  

REGULATION 28 REPORT TO PREVENT FUTURE DEATHS 

THIS REPORT IS BEING SENT TO: 

1.  Chief Executive/Medical Director, The Dudley Group NHS Foundation 

Trust 

1 

CORONER 

I am Zafar Siddique, Senior Coroner, for the coroner area of the Black Country. 

2 

CORONER’S LEGAL POWERS 

I make this report under paragraph 7, Schedule 5, of the Coroners and Justice Act 2009 
and regulations 28 and 29 of the Coroners (Investigations) Regulations 2013. 

3 

INVESTIGATION and INQUEST 

On  the  9  January  2018,  I  commenced  an  investigation  into  the  death  of  Mrs  Christine 
Withers.  The  investigation  concluded  at  the  end  of  the  inquest  on  23  April  2018.  The 
conclusion of the inquest was a short form conclusion of Natural Causes. 

The cause of death was:   

1a     Carcinomatosis 
  b 

Small Cell Carcinoma of Bronchus 

4 

CIRCUMSTANCES OF THE DEATH 

i)  Mrs  Withers  was  a  72  year  old  lady  with  a  medical  history  including  a 
diagnosis  of  small  cell  carcinoma  of  the  lung.      She  was  receiving  second 
line chemotherapy with palliative intent.  She also had leg cellulitis.  

ii)  Blood  tests  ordered  by  her  GP  on  the  15  November  2017  confirmed  she 
had low potassium levels and was admitted to Russells Hall Hospital on the 
16 November 2017.   

iii)  She  was  initially  treated  with  intravenous  potassium  replacement  for 
hypokalaemia (level 2.2).  Initially she made some good progress but later in 
the  evening  her  condition  declined  rapidly  and  she  became  more  agitated 
and distressed.  

iv)  An  emergency  call  was  issued  around  11.15pm  for  a  suspected  fluid 
overdose.    Furosemide  was  administered  to  try  and  correct  the  overload.  
Despite  further  treatment  her  condition  continued  to  decline  rapidly  and 
sadly  she  passed  away  on  the  17  November  2017  and  was  treated  with 
anticipatory medication for end of life care.  

5 

CORONER’S CONCERNS 

During the course of the inquest the evidence revealed matters giving rise to concern. In 
my  opinion  there  is  a  risk  that  future  deaths  will occur  unless  action  is  taken.  In  the 

1 

[IL1: PROTECT] 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 circumstances it is my statutory duty to report to you. 

The MATTERS OF CONCERN are as follows.  –  

1.  Evidence emerged during the inquest that no repeat blood tests were performed 
to  measure  the  potassium  levels  despite  this  being  recommended  by  the 
Consultant at the ward round in the morning.  

2.  There  was  inadequate  communication  by  nursing  staff  with  the  family  who 

expressed concerns about the decline in Mrs Withers.

6 

ACTION SHOULD BE TAKEN 

In my opinion action should be taken to prevent future deaths and I believe you have the 
power to take such action.  

1.  You may wish to consider further reviewing the guidance on managing patients 

with hypokalaemia and monitoring of potassium levels.   

2.  You may also wish to consider reviewing the communication and training issues 

identified during the course of the inquest. 

7 

YOUR RESPONSE 

You are under a duty to respond to this report within 56 days of the date of this report, 
namely by 26 June 2018. I, the coroner, may extend the period. 

Your response must contain details of action taken or proposed to be taken, setting out 
the timetable for action. Otherwise you must explain why no action is proposed. 

8 

COPIES and PUBLICATION 

I  have  sent  a  copy  of  my  report  to  the  Chief  Coroner  and  to  the  following  Interested 
Persons; Family. 

I am also under a duty to send the Chief Coroner a copy of your response.  

The  Chief  Coroner  may  publish  either  or  both  in  a  complete  or  redacted  or  summary 
form. He may send a copy of this report to any person who he believes may find it useful 
or  of  interest.  You  may  make  representations  to  me,  the  coroner,  at  the  time  of  your 
response, about the release or the publication of your response by the Chief Coroner. 

9 

 1 May 2018                                                   

Mr Zafar Siddique
Senior Coroner 
Black Country Area 

2 

[IL1: PROTECT]

Responses

1 response published against this report on judiciary.uk. A response is a body's written reply to the coroner's concerns; publication is at the discretion of the Chief Coroner's office, so an absent response does not mean nobody replied.

Response from Dudley Group NHS Trust (PDF)
Ref: Reg28/CW/Jun18 INHS

The Dudley Group

NHS Foundation Trust

Russells Hall Hospital
DUDLEY

West Midlands

DY1 2HQ

22 June 2018
Private and Confidential

Mr Zafar Siddique,

Senior Coroner

Black Country Coroner’s Court
Jack Judge House

Halesowen Street

Oldbury

West Midlands

B69 2AJ

Dear Mr Siddique,
Re: Response to Regulation 28 Report to Prevent Future Deaths — The late Mrs Christine Withers

| am in receipt of your Regulation 28 Report to Prevent Future Deaths following the inquest, and your ruling on
23 April 2018 in respect of the late Christine Withers. | should extend again the condolences of the Trust to
Mrs Withers’ family.

The MATTERS OF CONCERN are as follows:

1. Evidence emerged during the inquest that no repeat blood tests were performed to measure the potassium levels
despite this being recommended by the Consultant at the ward round in the morning.

2. There was inadequate communication by nursing staff with the family who expressed concerns. about the decline in
Mrs Withers.

The important issues you raise have been taken very seriously and following the inquest into the sad death of Mrs
Withers, the Chief of Medicine and Integrated Care has reviewed the guidelines relating to the management of
hypokalaemia in adults. Appendix 1 details the revised document which has been approved by the Chair of the Clinical
guidelines group. This revised guideline has considered the most recent medical evidence and provides clinical staff
with a consistent tool to treat and advise patients on the clinical management of low potassium levels.

This guideline will be publicised on the Trusts intranet site and has been circulated to all medics in the Trust. A further
presentation of these guidelines is scheduled in July at the Medicine Audit / Governance Meeting.

On review of the patient’s medical and nursing notes it was clearly documented that a number of conversations were
had with the family regarding treatments and the medical plan in place for Mrs Withers. Staff, at the time, did feel that
they had communicated effectively and that they were acting on the clinical assessments and needs of the patient.
However, staff had documented that the family at times, appeared unhappy with the answers given.

Upon reflection, staff have revisited this episode of care and have concluded that they had not focused sufficiently on

the family’s emotional wellbeing and the stress that they were under at this very difficult time and agree, that they should
have offered more support to the family.

Chairman: Jenni Ord Chief Executive: Diane Wake

As this was a large family, it may have been more beneficial to have appointed a lead person within the family to
cascade information to the rest of the relatives, or arrange a meeting to discuss the best way of communicating in the
future.

In response to this sad event all the staff within Ward C4 are working with our palliative care champion to complete the
in-house palliative care competencies which comprehensively covers communication with patients, families and carers.

| trust the information provides assurances to you that The Dudley Group NHS Foundation Trust has taken appropriate
action to address the matters of concern raised.

Yours faithfully,

Diane Wake
Chief Executive

Enc (1)

Chairman: Jenni Ord Chief Executive: Diane Wake

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