Prevention of Future Deaths reports · 2021

John Humphries

Regulation 28 report to prevent future deaths, reference 2021-0291, written 1 Sep 2021. A coroner writes one of these when an inquest reveals a risk that could cause further deaths unless something changes.

Date of report1 Sep 2021
Reference2021-0291
DeceasedJohn Humphries
CoronerJonathan Landau
Coroner areaSouth London
CategoryHospital Death (Clinical Procedures and medical management) related deaths
Organisation namedCroydon Health Services NHS Trust
Sourcejudiciary.uk record · original PDF
Responses published1

The report

Text extracted from the PDF text layer. Reproduced verbatim, including the scan's own layout.

REGULATION 28: REPORT TO PREVENT FUTURE DEATHS 

. 

REGULATION 28 REPORT TO PREVENT FUTURE DEATHS 

THIS REPORT IS BEING SENT TO: 

Chief Executive 

 Croydon Health Services NHS Trust 

1 

CORONER 

I am Jonathan Landau, assistant coroner for the coroner area of South London 

2 

CORONER’S LEGAL POWERS 

I make this report under paragraph 7, Schedule 5, of the Coroners and Justice Act 2009 
and Regulations 28 and 29 of the Coroners (Investigations) Regulations 2013. 

3 

INVESTIGATION and INQUEST 

On 30 March 2020 an investigation was commenced into the death of John Willis 
Humphries.  The investigation concluded at the end of the inquest on 5 August 2021. 
The conclusion of the  inquest was: 

“Mr Humphries died from fluid on the lungs and a lung infection caused by a 
range of conditions including an infection caused by catheterisation in the 
context of diminishing reserves to which pressure sores contributed.” 
CIRCUMSTANCES OF THE DEATH 

4 

Mr John Willis Humphries was admitted to Croydon University Hospital on 7 
January 2020 from a nursing home with a two-day history of abdominal pain. 
Whilst in the Emergency Department, he developed the start of pressure sores. 
He was admitted to Fairfield 1 Ward the following day. He was assessed as being 
at risk of pressure sores and the plan included repositioning at 2-hourly intervals. 
Mr Humphries was on occasion resistant to turns. The staff did not seek advice 
from external professionals or from the nursing home as to how to manage that 
behaviour. As a result, the pressure sores deteriorated significantly during his 
stay in hospital. The pressure sores contributed to his lowering reserves. Whilst 
in hospital, he was catheterised to monitor his urine output though a decision was 
taken by a doctor for him to be catheterised permanently as this was thought to 
be a more humane way of dealing with his incontinence and immobility than 
incontinence pads. Mr Humphries was discharged back to the nursing home on 
15 January 2020 but deteriorated and was readmitted to hospital on 15 February 
2020. He developed recurrent urinary tract infections in hospital caused by his 
catheterisation. His diminishing reserves made him increasingly unable to 
respond to antibiotics and he died 11 March 2020 from pulmonary oedema and 
pneumonia caused by the infections and other underlying health conditions. 

1 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 5 

CORONER’S CONCERNS 

During the course of the inquest the evidence revealed matters giving rise to concern. In 
my opinion there is a risk that future deaths could occur unless action is taken. In the 
circumstances it is my statutory duty to report to you. 

The MATTERS OF CONCERN are as follows.  – 

(1) I heard evidence that Mr Humphries’ pressure sore probably started in A&E 
where he stayed for a long period before being moved to a ward.  I was not 
informed of any skin integrity assessments or measures whilst he was in A&E. 
(2) When Mr Humphries resisted being turned, no advice was sought from external 
professionals or the nursing home as to how to manage the situation.  The nursing home 
in particular had effectively employed a range of strategies to deal with the situation and 
would have been able to provide guidance had the staff been contacted. 

6 

ACTION SHOULD BE TAKEN 

In my opinion action should be taken to prevent future deaths and I believe your 
organisation have the power to take such action. 

7 

YOUR RESPONSE 

You are under a duty to respond to this report within 56 days of the date of this report, 

namely by 26 October 2021.  I, the coroner, may extend the period. 

Your response must contain details of action taken or proposed to be taken, setting out 
the timetable for action. Otherwise you must explain why no action is proposed. 

8 

COPIES and PUBLICATION 

I am under a duty to send a copy of your response to the Chief Coroner and all  interested 
persons who in my opinion should receive it. I may also send a copy of your response to 
any other person who I believe may find it useful or of interest. 

In this case, I have sent it to Mr Humphries’ daughters. 

The Chief Coroner may publish either or both in a complete or redacted or summary 
form. He may send a copy of this report to any person who he believes may find it useful 
or of interest. 

You may make representations to me, the coroner, at the time of your response, about 
the release or the publication of your response. 

9 

Jonathan Landau, HM Assistant Coroner 
1 September 2021 

2

Responses

1 response published against this report on judiciary.uk. A response is a body's written reply to the coroner's concerns; publication is at the discretion of the Chief Coroner's office, so an absent response does not mean nobody replied.

Response from Croydon Health Services NHS Trust (PDF)
Croydon Health Services NHS Trust 

1. Title:
Trust Response to the Prevention of Future Deaths notification issued on the 1st September 2021 

2. Vision:
Strive to ensure that patients are kept free from harm, and develop a culture where there is accountability 
to deliver a zero tolerance for the development of pressure ulcers within Croydon Heath Services 

3. Purpose:
This paper outlines the Organisations actions in response to meeting the ask as set out by the Assistant 
Coroner on the 1st September 2021 in relation to the prevention pressure ulcers and their deterioration whilst 
within our care from non-concordant patients. 

4.Prevention of Future Deaths Notification:
There was an inquest into the death if Mr Humphries which concluded on the 5th August 2021, the conclusion 
of the inquest was: 

Mr Humphries died from fluid on the lungs and a lung infection caused by a range of conditions including 
an  infection  caused  by  catheterisation  in  the  context  of  diminishing  reserves  to  which  pressure  sores 
contributed 

Following this verdict, the following matters of concern were raised by the assistant coroner and a regulation 
28 PFD report was issues for action by the Trust 



I heard evidence that Mr Humphries’ pressure sore probably started in A&E where he stayed for a
long period before being moved to a ward. I was not informed of any skin integrity assessments or
measures whilst he was in A&E.

 When Mr Humphries resisted being turned, no advice was sought from external professionals or the
nursing  home  as  to  how  to  manage  the  situation.  The  nursing  home  in  particular  had  effectively
employed  a  range  of  strategies  to  deal  with  the  situation  and  would  have  been  able  to  provide
guidance had the staff been contacted.

5. Response of Pressure Ulcer Reduction group:
Following  the  receipt  of  the  PFD  the  Organisations  Pressure  Ulcer  Prevention  group  met  on  the  22nd 
September  2021  to  discuss  and  review  the  immediate  actions  but  in  place  by  the  Associate  Director  of 
Nursing as an immediate response to the notification. 

These  actions  and  the  agreed  monitoring  and  evaluation  would  be  a  standing  agenda  on  the  monthly 
pressure ulcer prevention meeting for a period of at least 3 months until assurances are in place that the 
required improvement is imbedded within the clinical environments. 

There was discussion within the group that that of the required actions were in place in some of the trust 
clinical setting and therefore there needed to be improved communication across the adult inpatient and 
emergency department setting to ensure these benefits are realised by all patients and staff. 

6.Agreed Actions:
Although there was a particular focus in the Emergency Department and Fairfield 1 in response to this PFD 
the actions have been rolled out across the organisation.  

There  were  4  high  level  Care  and  Service  delivery  problems  identified,  which  have  agreed  actions  and 
action owners allocated as well as a clear monitoring and reporting process. These have been agreed by 
the Directorate and Ward teams. 

These high level issues are: 

 Croydon Health Services NHS Trust 

  Risk of impaired skin integrity related to extended time spent in the Emergency Department lying on 

trollies 

  The knowledge and skills of all staff to be improved to manage patients diagnosed with Dementia 

on the ward 

  There is a need for the ward to demonstrate clear evidence that there is involvement of patients’ 

next of kin and any other support services in patients’ ongoing care. 

  Communication of all the initiatives and new actions from the Pressure Ulcer prevention group to be 

effectively cascades to all departments  

The full action plan is attached as appendix 1 

7. Next Steps: 
One of the challenges highlighted is the cascade of information across all the organisations departments, 
to  increase  awareness  of  the  pressure  ulcer  initives  being  carried  in  discrete  departments,  such  as  the 
emergency department with quality / comfort rounding. 

One  of  the  areas  of  focus  going  forwards  is  to  ensure  that  there  is  robust  and  effective  cascade  of 
information from all focused groups such as Pressure Ulcer and Falls to all the clinical departments. 

The  full  action  plan  and  paper  will  go  to  the  Nursing,  Midwifery,  AHP  and  Carers  Board  on  the  21st 
September  2021  and  will  then  be  discussed  at  the  Integrated  Quality  Assurance  Group  on  the  16th 
November 2021. 

8. Appendices 

  Appendix 1 Action Plan 
  Appendix 2 Regulation 28: Prevention of Future Deaths Report

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