Prevention of Future Deaths reports · 2024

Marina Young

Regulation 28 report to prevent future deaths, reference 2024-0527, written 4 Oct 2024. A coroner writes one of these when an inquest reveals a risk that could cause further deaths unless something changes.

Date of report4 Oct 2024
Reference2024-0527
DeceasedMarina Young
CoronerJames Adeley
Coroner areaLancashire and Blackburn with Darwen
CategoryHospital Death (Clinical Procedures and medical management) related deaths
Organisation namedLancashire Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust
Sourcejudiciary.uk record · original PDF
Responses published1

The report

Text extracted from the PDF text layer. Reproduced verbatim, including the scan's own layout.

REGULATION 28:  REPORT TO PREVENT FUTURE DEATHS 

REGULATION 28 REPORT TO PREVENT FUTURE DEATHS 

THIS REPORT IS BEING SENT TO 
Lancashire Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust 

, Director of Nursing at 

1 

CORONER 

I am Dr James Adeley, HM Senior Coroner for the coroner area of Lancashire and 
Blackburn with Darwen 

2 

CORONER’S LEGAL POWERS 

I make this report under paragraph 7, Schedule 5, of the Coroners and Justice Act 2009 
and Regulations 28 and 29 of the Coroners (Investigations) Regulations 2013. 

3 

INVESTIGATION and INQUEST 

On  March  2023  I  commenced  an  investigation  into  the  death  of  Marina  Sharon  Young 
aged 46 the investigation concluded at the end of the inquest on Friday, 27 September 
2024, the conclusion of the inquest was Marina Sharon Young died on 22 June 2022 
after a 39 hour wait for a hospital bed in Royal Preston Hospital's Accident & 
Emergency  Department.  Her  death,  due  to  asthma,  was  preventable  and  was 
caused by neglect characterised both by a gross failure to provide appropriate 
assessment and medical care and an inadequate escalation of her management 
to specialist physicians or ITU. 

The cause of death was 1a Aspiration b asthma. 

4 

CIRCUMSTANCES OF THE DEATH 

Marina was born with spina bifida and as a result had decreased sensation from the waist 
down and reduced motor power in her legs which resulted in the use of an adapted car. 
Had undergone a bladder transplant as a child and, due to a lack of sensation, needed to 
self-catheterise every 3-4 hours with a disposable catheter. However, when Marina was 
unwell, she required assistance with catheterisation, and she was unable to complete the 
task by herself. Marina also wore incontinence pads. 

On the morning of 20 June 2024 Marina's chest infection precipitated an asthma attack. 
Marina was admitted to Royal Preston Hospital Accident & Emergency Department (A & 
E) where she was initially appropriately assessed and treated by the A & E doctor. At this 
time, the hospital was full and during the remainder of Marina's 39 hour stay A & E had a 
'bed block' preventing transfer of patients out of A & E was in place and would have been 
known to senior nursing staff. Such holding of patients in A & E was described around this 
time as "continuous".  Marina, according to the British Thoracic Society predictive peak 
flow  rates  was  throughout  her  stay  in  A  &  E  in  the  "life-threatening"  asthma  category. 
Marina's  asthma  attack  had  an  80%  chance  of  survival  but,  due  to  the  acute  medical 
team's  substantial  failures  of  medical  management,  inadequate  treatment,  insufficient 
direction of the nursing staff for observations and a lack of referral to either respiratory or 
ITU specialist teams, Marina died at approximately 10 AM on 22 June 2024. During this 
time Marina's nursing needs were neither assessed nor met, despite it being known to the 
senior nursing staff that Marina, having complex nursing needs due to her spina bifida, 
would be spending an extended period of time in the A & E. During Marina's 39 hour stay 
in A & E none of the six nurses involved with Marina undertook a nursing assessment of 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 her toileting needs and failed to offer a catheter, assist with catheterisation or change the 
incontinence pad. The nursing staff made no assessment of Marina's sensory deficits due 
to spina bifida and relied upon patient reports for pressure area care in an overweight and 
incontinent patient, who remained sat in a chair due to her breathing difficulties for almost 
all of the 39 hours. A falls risk assessment was completed, albeit with substantial errors. 
When Marina died, she was still wearing the shoes that she was wearing when she arrived 
in the Department 39 hours earlier and which she could not remove without assistance. 

It  was  accepted  that  A  &  E  is  geared  up  for  short-term  stays  dealing  with  acutely  ill 
patients. Any patients remaining in A & E beyond the expected period are being nursed 
in an  area that is not designed for their needs, without the benefit  of specialist  nursing 
staff and the risks they are exposed to are consequently increased. 

Despite the Matron for A & E being on the Trust's level 3 STEIS investigation, not a single 
concern regarding the nursing care provided was identified. 

5 

CORONER’S CONCERNS 

During the course of the inquest the evidence revealed matters giving rise to concern. In 
my  opinion  there  is  a  risk  that  future  deaths  could  occur  unless  action  is  taken.  In  the 
circumstances it is my statutory duty to report to you. 

The MATTERS OF CONCERN are as follows: 

1.  When hospital management are aware that, due to hospital capacity issues or 

other reasons, patients will be spending more than the usual expected time in A 
& E, A & E managers should be alerted of this perspective status as soon as 
possible. 

2.  Any patient remaining in A & E beyond the usual expected time should have an 

assessment of their care needs. 

3.  Care needs of patients held in A & E, particularly those with complex care 

needs, should be identified and managed. 

4.  Asthma is a common condition. However, A & E lacked nurses with any 

knowledge of when basic assessment such as peak flow should be taken and 
no request for assistance from a specialist ward was made. 

5.  Although the nursing staff made attempts to engage the acute medical team, no 
attempt was made to escalate problems identified by the treating nurses to 
senior nursing staff 

6 

ACTION SHOULD BE TAKEN 

In my opinion action should be taken to prevent future deaths and I believe you and your 
organisation have the power to take such action.  

7 

YOUR RESPONSE 

You are under a duty to respond to this report within 56 days of the date of this report, 
namely by Friday, 29 November 2024 I, the Coroner, may extend the period. 

Your response must contain details of action taken or proposed to be taken, setting out 
the timetable for action and how such action has been audited to ensure any changes are 
effective. Otherwise, you must explain why no action is proposed. 

8 

COPIES and PUBLICATION 

I  have  sent  a  copy  of  my  report  to  the  Chief  Coroner  and  to  the  following  Interested 
Persons, the family I have also sent it to Care Quality Commission who may find it useful 
or of interest. 

I am also under a duty to send the Chief Coroner a copy of your response.  

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 The Chief Coroner may publish either or both in a complete or redacted or summary 
form. He may send a copy of this report to any person who he believes may find it useful 
or of interest. You may make representations to me, the coroner, at the time of your 
response, about the release or the publication of your response by the Chief Coroner. 

9 

[DATE]            

                         [SIGNED BY CORONER]

Responses

1 response published against this report on judiciary.uk. A response is a body's written reply to the coroner's concerns; publication is at the discretion of the Chief Coroner's office, so an absent response does not mean nobody replied.

Response from Lancashire Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust (PDF)
Tel:     

Email: 

Ref:    

Chief Medical Officer  
Royal Preston Hospital 
Sharoe Green Lane 
Fulwood 
PRESTON 
PR2 9HT 

29 November 2024 

Dear Dr Adeley, 

RE:      Inquest Marina Young. Regulation 28 Report 

Further  to  your  email  communication  of  4th  October  2024  and  the  associated  Regulation  28 
report  please  find  attached  action  plan  formulated  in  response  which  addresses  each  of  the 
concerns that you raised. 

We  will  be  pleased  to  share further  updates  as the  actions  are  progressed  if  this  would  assist 
you further. 

Can I offer my apologies that you had cause to issue the Regulation 28 report. I hope that our 
response assures  you  of  our  commitment  to  learn  both from  Ms  Young’s  death,  and from  the 
subsequent inquest. 

Following  the  inquest,  Mr  John  Howles  (Associate  Director  of  Patient  Experience  and 
Engagement) met with Ms Young’s sister Michelle to offer further apologies and to listen to her 
concerns. She has kindly offered to assist with overseeing improvements identified in the action 
plan for which we are grateful.  
We will forward the action plan to her and update her on progress in line with her wishes. 

Please do let me know if we can be of further assistance. 

Yours sincerely 

Chief Medical Officer– Lancashire Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust

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