Prevention of Future Deaths reports · 2025

Derek Cole

Regulation 28 report to prevent future deaths, reference 2025-0162, written 26 Mar 2025. A coroner writes one of these when an inquest reveals a risk that could cause further deaths unless something changes.

Date of report26 Mar 2025
Reference2025-0162
DeceasedDerek Cole
CoronerSamantha Goward
Coroner areaNorfolk
CategoryCommunity health care and emergency services related deaths
Sourcejudiciary.uk record · original PDF
Responses published1

The report

Text extracted from the PDF text layer. Reproduced verbatim, including the scan's own layout.

Regulation 28: REPORT TO PREVENT FUTURE DEATHS

NOTE: This form is to be used after an inquest.

REGULATION 28 REPORT TO PREVENT DEATHS

THIS REPORT IS BEING SENT TO:

Attleborough Surgery
Station Road
Attleborough
Norfolk
NR17 2AS

1

CORONER

I am Samantha GOWARD, Area Coroner for the coroner area of Norfolk

2

CORONER’S LEGAL POWERS

I make this report under paragraph 7, Schedule 5, of the Coroners and Justice Act 2009
and regulations 28 and 29 of the Coroners (Investigations) Regulations 2013.

3

INVESTIGATION and INQUEST

On 04 July 2024 I commenced an investigation into the death of Derek William COLE aged
81. The investigation concluded at the end of the inquest on 25 March 2025.

The medical cause of death was:

Metastatic Prostate Cancer and Emphysema

1a)
1b)
1c)
2)

The conclusion of the inquest was:
Natural causes

4

CIRCUMSTANCES OF THE DEATH

Derek Cole was diagnosed with prostate cancer after he had raised PSA (prostate specific
antigen) marker levels which rapidly increased over a short period of time. An initial bone
scan in December 2023 showed no evidence of metastatic spread, but a further scan on 7
May 2024 showed extensive metastatic disease.

He was admitted to hospital on 27 May 2024 and was found to have raised inflammatory
markers and an acute kidney injury secondary to infection. He was treated and improved
sufficiently that he was fit for discharge, pending a package of care being sourced. While
awaiting this he had a suspected chest infection which was also treated and from which he
recovered. He was discharged to Dereham Hospital on 15 June 2024 for rehabilitation. In
the early hours of 16 June 2024, he was found unresponsive in bed and in line with
previously expressed wishes, no resuscitation measures were undertaken.

The findings on the evidence heard included that a GP appropriately referred Mr Cole to the
hospital Urology team in November 2023 due to high PSA of 25.6 (I was advised anything
over 10 in a gentleman of Mr Cole’s age is to be referred). He was seen by the Urology
team in December 2023 and a bone scan showed no evidence of metastasis, which was
reassuring, and they requested that the GP perform a further PSA test in 2 months, and
this was done on 12 January 2024 and the result was slightly raised from the earlier test at

Regulation 28 – After Inquest
Document Template Updated 30/07/2021

 37.

There was then a further PSA test in February which showed what a Urologist who gave
evidence described as a significant raise to 156.3. His evidence was that this was an
unusually high rise in a short period of time for a man in his 80s.
something which should have been flagged up immediately to the Urology team by the GP
receiving the result, but it was not as they believed (but were unable to explain why) he
had a follow up appointment shortly with urology and that they would see the result then.

This was therefore

There was then another test in April, with a PSA which was said to be very high at 510. At
this time a check was made by a GP that there was a follow up appointment in place, and
this led to a further bone scan which was done 7 May 2024 and confirmed multiple
metastases.

Had the results from February 2024 been flagged to Urology, on the balance of
probabilities, Mr Cole would have undergone further tests at the hospital to check the PSA
raise was genuine, which it would have been, and treatment would have started in February
or early March. This would have been the same treatment as was later started in May.

The evidence in this case was that the extent and speed of the spread was very rare in a
man of Mr Cole’s age, and this was due to it being an aggressive form of the cancer and
that, on the balance of probabilities, earlier commencement of treatment would not have
altered the outcome or changed the treatment options which were suitable.

5

CORONER’S CONCERNS

During the course of the investigation my inquiries revealed matters giving rise to concern.
In my opinion there is a risk that future deaths could occur unless action is taken. In the
circumstances it is my statutory duty to report to you.

The MATTERS OF CONCERN are as follows:

1.

It was accepted that the GP practice, when asked to perform tests by secondary
services, should notify them of the results if they are abnormal. It was accepted
that it should be confirmed in such circumstances that a follow up appointment is in
place and considered whether any abnormal results should lead to a request for a
more urgent review. It was also accepted that there was learning for the practice
regarding this and that this could be discussed at a Significant Event meeting.
However, despite Mr Cole dying in June 2024, at the time of inquest, 9 months later
no such meeting or learning had taken place. While the evidence is that earlier
specialist input would not have altered the outcome for Mr Cole, it is a concern that
for other patients, a delay may impact upon their treatment options and prognosis.

2. The evidence was that any clinician could identify a concern for these meetings, or
that usually it was for the Practice Manager to raise these when they were aware of
a concern. The Practice were aware of the concerns as the inquest was listed and
concerns raised by the family about delays were sent to the Practice to consider
when providing their evidence for the inquest. However, this still did not trigger a
review or any learning. It is therefore a concern that the Practice does not have a
sufficient system in place to learn from such events which creates a risk that future
deaths may occur in similar circumstances.

6

ACTION SHOULD BE TAKEN

In my opinion action should be taken to prevent future deaths and I believe you (and/or
your organisation) have the power to take such action.

Regulation 28 – After Inquest
Document Template Updated 30/07/2021

 7

YOUR RESPONSE

You are under a duty to respond to this report within 56 days of the date of this report,
namely by May 21, 2025. I, the coroner, may extend the period.

Your response must contain details of action taken or proposed to be taken, setting out the
timetable for action. Otherwise you must explain why no action is proposed.
COPIES and PUBLICATION

8

I have sent a copy of my report to the Chief Coroner and to the following Interested
Persons:
NOK – spouse.

I have also sent it to

CQC
HSSIB (Health Services Investigations Body)
Healthwatch Norfolk

who may find it useful or of interest.

I am also under a duty to send a copy of your response to the Chief Coroner and all
interested persons who in my opinion should receive it.

I may also send a copy of your response to any person who I believe may find it useful or
of interest.

The Chief Coroner may publish either or both in a complete or redacted or summary form.
He may send a copy of this report to any person who he believes may find it useful or of
interest.

You may make representations to me, the coroner, at the time of your response about the
release or the publication of your response by the Chief Coroner.

9

Dated: 26/03/2025

Samantha GOWARD
Area Coroner for Norfolk
County Hall
Martineau Lane
Norwich
NR1 2DH

Regulation 28 – After Inquest
Document Template Updated 30/07/2021

Responses

1 response published against this report on judiciary.uk. A response is a body's written reply to the coroner's concerns; publication is at the discretion of the Chief Coroner's office, so an absent response does not mean nobody replied.

Response from Attleborough Surgery (PDF)
| mia Po

Attleborough Surgeries

Station Road Surgery, Station Road,

PRACTICE MANAGER [i Attleborough, Norfolk, NR17 2AS

Tel: 01953 453166 Fax: 01953 453569
www.attleboroughsurgeries.com

Date letter typed: 20 May 2025

Mrs Samantha Goward
Area Coroner for Norfolk
Norfolk Coroner Service
County Hall

Martineau Lane
Norwich

NR1 2DH

r Derek Cole

OB - 06 Jan 1943

Prevention of Future Deaths Report

Dear Mrs Goward,

| am writing on behalf of the Attleborough Surgery in response to the matters of concern raised in your
Prevention of Future Deaths Report dated 26 March 2025 relating to our patient, Mr Cole in order to

provide you with information regarding the steps we have taken to ensure that there is no recurrence.

1. When secondary (hospital) services ask the practice to perform tests, the practice should
notify them of the results if they are abnormal, confirm that a follow up appointment is in
place and consider if the abnormal results should lead to a request for a more urgent review.

The abnormal, GP-generated PSA results should have been notified to the hospital in order for them to
confirm or expedite their proposed review appointment. They were not notified as they should have been
because the practice understood from hospital correspondence that a review appointment was taking
place soon although no date had been confirmed. The hospital have access to the test results requested
by the GP but they should have been notified by the practice as this would have prompted them to
arrange and possibly expedite the review appointment.

Cont'd...

Page 2...

he practice has had a clinical meeting to discuss responsibility for notification of GP-generated results to
he hospital. Routinely when GPs request tests which are abnormal or relevant to their patient’s
treatment by secondary services, any abnormal results are communicated effectively and in a timely

atter. When secondary services ask the practice to perform tests the practice should be provided with a
| ceded generated ICE form. This ensures that the tests requested by the hospital are clearly set out and
that they are notified directly of the results. Where no hospital form is provided for a requested test, the
GP actioning an investigation requested by the hospital becomes responsible for acting on the result.

nforming the hospital immediately of the abnormal results and clinical update would have enabled them
to review and expedite the next appointment and his treatment.

The practice has discussed and circulated a new policy to ensure that all clinical staff are reminded of their
tesponsibilities to communicate any abnormal test results to the hospital whether requested by the
hospital or the GP. All results received are reviewed by a GP who makes a clinical decision about whether
or not any further clinical update needs to be provided to the hospital with the abnormal result.

protocol specifically for investigations requested by the hospital has been developed and introduced
hich requires:

e When the hospital requests investigation for a patient under their care, Reception should
ensure that the patient has a hospital generated form when booking practice-based tests on
behalf of the hospital. This will ensure that care remains appropriately with specialist hospital
services, who will then receive results back directly, review and decide next steps for care
planning. Where this form is not available, the practice should contact the hospital to request
a hospital-generated request form.

e However, any tests should be proceeded with in the meantime with a practice-generated form
if there is any urgency.

e The responsibility for managing a practice- generated result in this circumstance will rest with
the practice:

Results where the patient is under the care of the hospital should be prioritised by the clinician receiving
them so that clinically significant results are dealt with appropriately. With the forwarding of
straightforward results, the clinician will ask reception to inform the hospital.

With any results needing the sharing of updating clinical information / requesting further advice, this
$hould be dealt with by the clinician directly. In Mr Cole’s case, the hospital should not only have been
given the results but also a clinical update.

Following these discussions, we identified that the issue of the hospital failing to provide blood forms for
their own monitoring has been a problem for other patients at our practice.

have therefore spoken oi, Executive Officer at the Norfolk & Waveney Local Medical
‘ommittee on behalf of the practice and made him aware of this issue. He confirmed the LMC raises such
¢ontract breaches with the Integrated Care Board on a regular basis and he advised me to raise the issue
with the NNUH Medical Director Dr Bernard Brett, which I have done.

Cont'd...

Page 3...

2. Mr Cole’s case should have resulted in an SEA at several points including:
e When it was clear that there was a delay in secondary care receiving the abnormal
results.
e When it became clear that there was a resulting delay to important treatment for Mr
Cole. When the practice was asked for a statement by the Coroner.

The SEA took place on 16.04.25.

Asa result, the SEA protocol has been amended and circulated to all clinicians. There is clarification that it
is the responsibility of the clinician involved in the patient’s care to report to the Practice Manager and
Practice PA, but any staff member who identifies a concern should also have a low threshold for reporting
‘o them as well. Similarly, any staff member with a concern that a significant/critical event could have
Tae place should have a low threshold for discussing the case with a colleague.

n addition, the SEA and reporting of deaths protocols has been amended to specifically include any delay
in care and/or any near miss which did not cause harm but could do so if it happened again.

Training for GPs and all staff is planned for 04.06.25 to cover the new protocols, which have already been
irculated.

he surgery plans an audit of all deaths over the next 3 months to measure how many are being referred
ppropriately for a SEA, according to the amended protocol. The audit will then be presented for

|

discussion at a clinical meeting at the practice.

IL wish to make clear how seriously | and the practice take the issues that you have raised and hope you are
Pa by the steps the practice has undertaken and has planned to prevent future recurrence.

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