Prevention of Future Deaths reports · 2025

Caroline and Bernard Cleall

Regulation 28 report to prevent future deaths, reference 2025-0222, written 9 May 2025. A coroner writes one of these when an inquest reveals a risk that could cause further deaths unless something changes.

Date of report9 May 2025
Reference2025-0222
DeceasedCaroline and Bernard Cleall
CoronerIvor Collett
Coroner areaSouth London
CategoryCommunity health care and emergency services related deaths
Sourcejudiciary.uk record · original PDF
Responses published1

The report

Text extracted from the PDF text layer. Reproduced verbatim, including the scan's own layout.

Coroner, South London Area 

South London Coroner's Office 
2nd Floor, Davis House Robert Street, Croydon, CR0 1QQ Tel 0208 313 

1883 : Fax 0208 313 3673 

IN THE INQUEST TOUCHING THE DEATH OF CAROLINE CLEALL 

and 

IN THE INQUEST TOUCHING THE DEATH OF BERNARD CLEALL  

_____________________________________________________________ 

REGULATION 28:  REPORT TO PREVENT FUTURE DEATHS 

_____________________________________________________________ 

REGULATION 28 REPORT TO PREVENT FUTURE DEATHS 

THIS REPORT IS BEING SENT TO: 

1.  Director of Adult Social Care and Health, London Borough of Croydon  

1 

CORONER 

I am Ivor Collett, HM Assistant Coroner, for the coroner area of South London. 

2 

CORONER’S LEGAL POWERS 

I make this report under paragraph 7, Schedule 5, of the Coroners and Justice Act 2009 
and Regulations 28 and 29 of the Coroners (Investigations) Regulations 2013. 

3 

INVESTIGATION and INQUEST 

On 2 February 2022 inquests were opened into the deaths of: 

(1) Bernard Cleall 
and  
(2) Caroline Cleall. 

The two inquests were heard together and concluded on 28-29 April 2025.  

The  conclusions  of  the  inquest  were  that the  deaths  resulted  from  an  accidental  house 
fire.  In  each  case  the medical  cause  of  death  was  “Inhalation  of  smoke”  and the  short 
form Coroner’s Conclusion as to death was “Accident”. 

1 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 4 

CIRCUMSTANCES OF THE DEATHS 

The  two  deceased  persons  were  a  husband  and  wife  who  died  together  at  home  in  a 
house fire in the early evening on 5 January 2022. They were aged in their seventies.  

The wife, Caroline Cleall, suffered from health issues including limited mobility. She was 
in  receipt  of  a  care  package  arranged  by  LB  Croydon  Adult  Social  Care  following 
discharge from a hospital admission in September 2021. Before discharge from Croydon 
University  Hospital  her  needs  and  her  ability  to  cope  in  the  community  had  been 
assessed  by  an  integrated  team  including  representatives  of  LB  Croydon  Adult  Social 
Care and an NHS team called “Living Independently For Everyone Services”, known as 
the LIFE Team.  

That  assessment  resulted  in  a  care  package  of  domiciliary  visits  and the  provision  of  a 
telecare  service  managed  by  LB  Croydon  under  its  Careline  service.  The  Careline 
service decided upon was the basic telecare package involving an alarm call button on a 
pendant to be worn by Mrs Cleall during the day until going to bed. In the event of a fall 
or other need to call for help she could press the button and it would send a call to a call 
operator. 

On  the  day  of  the  deaths,  Mrs  Cleall  operated  the  pendant  button  but  was  unable  to 
communicate meaningfully with the call operator as she was stuck in the sitting room of 
the  house  where  the  fire  had  taken  hold  (away  from  the  main  communication  device), 
and her husband was incapacitated by smoke / fumes. A smoke alarm was sounding in 
the sitting room but it was not heard by the call operator. The operator caused Careline 
responders to attend, but the fire brigade were called only  once the responders arrived 
and  discovered  the  fire.  By  that  time  it  was  too  late  to  save  the  two  occupants  of  the 
house. 

The  firm  view  of  the  fire  service  is  that  telecare  services  should  by  default  be 
recommended to include the enhanced package option. This includes a smoke detector 
which,  when  triggered,  sends  an  urgent  signal  to the  call  operator  without the  need  for 
the  client  to  operate  the  pendant  button.  That  automated  call  would  result  in  the  fire 
brigade being notified of an emergency immediately. 

5 

CORONER’S CONCERNS 

During the course of the inquest the evidence revealed matters giving rise to concern. In 
my  opinion  there  is  a  risk  that  future  deaths  could  occur  unless  action  is  taken.  In  the 
circumstances it is my statutory duty to report to you. 

The MATTERS OF CONCERN are as follows.  –  

(1)  The senior manager from LB Croydon Adult Social Care who gave evidence told 
me  that  he  and  his  team  were  unable  to  access the  record  of the  assessment 
carried out with Mrs Cleall at Croydon University Hospital for her discharge back 
to  the  community.  I  was  told  that  the  record  was  held  by the  LIFE team  on  an 
NHS system to which LB Croydon Adult Social Care did not have access. 

(2)  The  evidence  was  that  that  what  should  take  place  at  that  assessment  is  an 
adequate risk assessment and a discussion with the client about which level of 
telecare package is appropriate. If the client declines a more expensive package 
against advice, this should be documented. There  was no evidence in this case 
of  the  content  of  any  assessment,  discussion  or  advice  as  to  the  appropriate 
level of telecare package for Mrs Cleall.  

(3)  It appears that LB Croydon’s Adult Services would also not have access to the 
record  and  the  assessment  when  reviewing  the  client’s  situation  once  the 
package is in place and underway.  

2 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 (4)  A  review  by  LB  Croydon  Adult  Social  Care  was  due  4-6  weeks  after  hospital 
discharge  but  it  appears  that  the reviewers  had  no  access  to  the  assessment, 
advice and response from the client which took place at the hospital. This would 
mean  that  the  review  was  missing  vital  information  which  might  have  had  a 
bearing  on  whether  the  telecare  package  should  have  been  revised  to  include 
the enhanced service with an automatic smoke detector facility.  

(5)  In  summary, I  am  concerned that  the  inability  of  LB  Croydon  Adult  Social  Care 
professionals  to  access  records  of  an  earlier  assessment  undertaken  (and 
advice given) by their colleagues, together with the NHS LIFE team, deprives LB 
Croydon  Adult  Social  Care  of  the  ability  to  review  the  client’s  needs  properly 
(with the necessary information) following discharge into the community.  

6 

ACTION SHOULD BE TAKEN 

In my opinion action should be taken to prevent future deaths and I believe you / your 
organisation have the power to take such action.  

7 

YOUR RESPONSE 

You are under a duty to respond to this report within 56 days of the date of this report. I, 
the coroner, may extend the period. 

Your response must contain details of action taken or proposed to be taken, setting out 
the timetable for action. Otherwise you must explain why no action is proposed. 

8 

COPIES and PUBLICATION 

I have sent a copy of my report to the Chief Coroner and to the following Interested 
Persons  

• 
•  Doro Care (UK) Ltd, trading as Careium  
•  London Fire Brigade 

 – Next of kin of both deceased persons 

I am also under a duty to send the Chief Coroner a copy of your response.  

The Chief Coroner may publish either or both in a complete or redacted or summary 
form. He may send a copy of this report to any person who he believes may find it useful 
or of interest. You may make representations to me, the coroner, at the time of your 
response, about the release or the publication of your response by the Chief Coroner. 

9 

Signed: 
Ivor Collett, HM Assistant Coroner 
9 May 2025  

3

Responses

1 response published against this report on judiciary.uk. A response is a body's written reply to the coroner's concerns; publication is at the discretion of the Chief Coroner's office, so an absent response does not mean nobody replied.

Response from London Borough of Croydon (PDF)
Bernard Weatherill House
Mint Walk
Croydon  CR0 1EA

Date: 02/12/2025

Ivor Collett
HM Assistant Coroner
South London Coroner’s Office
Davis House
Robert Street
Croydon
CR0 1QQ

Dear Mr Collett

Regulation 28 Report to Prevent Future Deaths: Bernard and Caroline Cleall

Thank you for the Report to Prevent Future Deaths regarding Bernard and
Caroline Cleall 09 May 2025. I apologise that you have had to wait until now for a
response to your report. I am putting into place measures that will avoid this
happening in future.

I will address each of your matters of concern in turn.

Matter 1: The senior manager from LB Croydon Adult Social Care who gave
evidence told me that he and his team were unable to access the record of
the assessment carried out with Mrs Cleall at Croydon University Hospital
for her discharge back to the community. I was told that the record was held
by the LIFE team on an NHS system to which LB Croydon Adult Social Care
did not have access.

I can understand why this evidence caused you concern. However, the evidence
you received was not accurate. There was a copy of that assessment on our
records. This was put on our records on 09 September 2021.

Our senior manager who gave evidence to you did so in good faith and believed
the evidence he gave was accurate. My understanding is that the confusion arose
as the record of the assessment was not in the section of the records where he
had expected it to be.

When one of our own social workers records as assessment on our client record
system, they will enter it directly on our system in a section labelled
“Assessments”. At the time the assessment for Mrs Cleall took place,
assessments carried out on our behalf by a member of staff in another

 organisation, as in this instance, would be provided to us a PDF file or a Microsoft
Word document. This would then be stored in a section of our records for that
person labelled “Documents”.

As our senior manager who gave evidence does not work in a part of our
organisation that deals with assessments carried out by external partners, it
appears that he was unaware of this arrangement.

I have enclosed a copy of the assessment completed on 09 September 2021.

Practice has since changed. Today, all assessments are now completed within the
main body our client record system rather than being attached in the “Documents”
section, which avoids the sort of confusion that occurred in this instance.

Matter 2: The evidence was that that what should take place at that
assessment is an adequate risk assessment and a discussion with the client
about which level of telecare package is appropriate. If the client declines a
more expensive package against advice, this should be documented. There
was no evidence in this case of the content of any assessment, discussion
or advice as to the appropriate level of telecare package for Mrs Cleall.

I believe the evidence you received did not give the complete picture of what
happened. We have on our records copies of the documents our Careline service
completed at the time, which include a risk assessment, the agreement Mrs Cleall
signed on 13 September 2021 when the service was installed, and the “Careline
Plus Installation Form” which records that Mrs Cleall was told about the scope of
the service and the cost of the service. I have attached copies of these
documents.

I have consulted with the Team Manager for our Careline service. She wrote to
me the following

“At the time of installation, the attending officer completed an on-site risk
assessment and identified that the couple could benefit from monitored
smoke alarms. However, Mr and Mrs Cleal declined this option, which we
believe was primarily due to cost considerations. They noted that they
already had smoke alarms upstairs and downstairs, but these were not
monitored. At that time, they were on the lower rate for the alarm service
(approximately £5 per week). Adding monitored smoke alarms would have
increased the cost to around £12 per week, which was a significant jump.  At
the time of the install officers, we did not record any information regarding
recommendations for monitored smoke alarms.

Since this incident, we have reviewed and strengthened our procedures. The
key changes are as follows:

Recommendation and Recording: When an officer identifies a need for
monitored smoke alarms, this recommendation is now recorded in LAS,
along with the client’s decision if they decline.

 Referral to London Fire Brigade: If monitored smoke alarms are

refused, we ask for consent to make a referral to the London Fire

2

 Brigade and proceed with that referral.  If clients refuse this is also
noted on LAS.

 Notification to ARC: We now notify the ARC if a property has smoke

alarms that are not monitored. This addresses a previous issue where
an operator did not recognise the sound of Mr and Mrs Cleall’s smoke
alarm during a call.

 Proactive Installation: Recently, we have acquired smoke alarms for
our Chiptech units. For the past couple of months, when officers
identify a need during a visit, we install these alarms as part of the
basic package rather than leaving the property without any monitored
alarms.

These changes aim to improve safety and ensure that risks are mitigated
effectively.”

Matter 3: It appears that LB Croydon’s Adult Services would also not have
access to the record and the assessment when reviewing the client’s
situation once the package is in place and underway.

Matter 4: A review by LB Croydon Adult Social Care was due 4-6 weeks after
hospital discharge but it appears that the reviewers had no access to the
assessment, advice and response from the client which took place at the
hospital. This would mean that the review was missing vital information
which might have had a bearing on whether the telecare package should
have been revised to include the enhanced service with an automatic smoke
detector facility.

As noted above, there was a copy of the assessment on our records along with
the documents relating to the Careline installation. These were available to
anyone reviewing Mrs Cleall’s situation. We carried out a review of Mrs Cleall’s
care and support arrangements in October 2021. I have attached a copy of this
review, which at the time was carried out under our “Challenge Panel” process,
where it can be seen that those that carried out that review were aware of the
contents of the assessment of 09 September 2021.

Matter 5: In summary, I am concerned that the inability of LB Croydon Adult
Social Care professionals to access records of an earlier assessment
undertaken (and advice given) by their colleagues, together with the NHS
LIFE team, deprives LB Croydon Adult Social Care of the ability to review
the client’s needs properly (with the necessary information) following
discharge into the community.

I hope that I have been able to give you the assurance you need that we have in
place arrangements that can and do allow our social care professionals to access
records of earlier assessments undertaken, and advice given, by their colleagues.
In addition, our Careline service identified and acted upon the learning from the
sad events leading up to the deaths of Mr and Mrs Cleall, reducing the likelihood
of something similar happening again.

3

 May I again apologise that the evidence we provided at the time of the inquest
was not as complete as it should have been and assure you that we will make
best endeavours to avoid this happening again.

Yours sincerely

Corporate Director Adult Social Care & Health

Appendices

1.  LIFE assessment 09 September 2021
2.  Croydon Careline Plus information

a.  Client information sheet (2 pages)
b.  Careline Plus agreement (13 pages)
c.  Home Health and Safety Risk Assessment (2 pages)
d.  Careline Plus Installation Form (1 page)

3.  “Challenge Panel” review 07 October 2021

4

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