Prevention of Future Deaths reports · 2025

Nicola Mulliss

Regulation 28 report to prevent future deaths, reference 2025-0453, written 4 Sep 2025. A coroner writes one of these when an inquest reveals a risk that could cause further deaths unless something changes.

Date of report4 Sep 2025
Reference2025-0453
DeceasedNicola Mulliss
CoronerThomas Crookes
Coroner areaNewcastle and North Tyneside
CategoryHospital Death (Clinical Procedures and medical management) related deaths
Organisation namedThe Newcastle upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust
Sourcejudiciary.uk record · original PDF
Responses published1

The report

Text extracted from the PDF text layer. Reproduced verbatim, including the scan's own layout.

Newcastle and North Tyneside 
Miss Georgina Nolan 
HM SENIOR CORONER 
Civic Centre , Barras Bridge , Newcastle Upon Tyne , NE1 8QH 

REGULATION 28 REPORT TO PREVENT FUTURE DEATHS 

Date: 4 September 2025 

THIS REPORT IS BEING SENT TO: The Newcastle upon Tyne Hospitals NHS 
Foundation Trust 

CORONER 

1 

I am Thomas Crookes Assistant Coroner for the Coroner area of Newcastle and North 
Tyneside. 

CORONER’S LEGAL POWERS 

I make this report under paragraph 7, Schedule 5, of the Coroners and Justice Act 2009 and 
regulations 28 and 29 of the Coroners (Investigations) Regulations 2013. 

2 

http://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2009/25/schedule/5/paragraph/7 

http://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2013/1629/part/7/made 

 
  
   
 
  
  
  
  
  
 INVESTIGATION and INQUEST 

On 20 February 2025 I commenced an investigation into the death of Nicola MULLISS. The 
investigation  concluded  at  the  end  of  the  inquest.  The  conclusion  of  the  inquest  was  that 
Nicola  Mulliss  died  from  natural  causes  and  recognised  complications  of  a  necessary 
surgical procedure.  

The medical cause of death was; 

3 

1a   Infarction of Brainstem and Cerebellum 

1b   Staphylococcal meningitis 

1c   Wound infection with Staphylococcus Aureus following surgical Re-Excision of 
Meningioma of Sphenoid Wing 

 II     

CIRCUMSTANCES OF DEATH  

Nicola  Mulliss  had  a  history  of  recurring  meningioma  for  which  she  underwent  excision 
surgery in 2009 and 2011. On 29 January 2025 she had a further such procedure and initially 
made a good recovery. She experienced some leaking from the wound on 2 February 2025 
and it was re-sutured.  

4 

Nicola  Mulliss  was  re-admitted  to  hospital  on  13  February  2025  and  was  found  to  have  an 
infection  to  the  operation  site  with  staphylococcus  aureus  bacteria.  This  infection  spread, 
resulting in staphylococcal meningitis which caused inflammation and swelling that disrupted 
the blood supply to her brain, leading to death on 18 February 2025. 

  
 CORONER’S CONCERNS 

During the course of the inquest the evidence revealed matters giving rise to concern. In my 
opinion  there  is  a  risk  that  future  deaths  will  occur  unless  action  is  taken.  In  the 
circumstances it is my statutory duty to report to you. 

The MATTERS OF CONCERN are as follows  – 

5 

In  evidence  I  was  told  that  had  a  swab  been  taken  for  microbiological  analysis  when  the 
wound was re-sutured, it was possible that the Staphylococcus Aureus infection could have 
been  detected  at  this  earlier  juncture  and  treatment  instigated  before  the  infection  spread 
and resulted in the fatal staphylococcal meningitis. However, I was told that it is not policy / 
guidance for such testing to be undertaken so this did not occur. 

ACTION SHOULD BE TAKEN 

6 

In  my  opinion  action  should  be  taken  to  prevent  future  deaths  and  I  believe  you  /  your 
organisation have the power to take such action. 

7 

8 

YOUR RESPONSE 

You  are  under  a  duty  to  respond  to  this  report  within  56  days  of  the  date  of  this  report, 
namely by 31 October 2025. I, the coroner, may extend the period. 

Your response must contain details of action taken or proposed to be taken, setting out the 
timetable for action. Otherwise you must explain why no action is proposed. 

COPIES and PUBLICATION 

I  have  sent  a  copy  of  my  report  to  the  Chief  Coroner  and  to  the  following  Interested 
Persons; 

 (Mrs Mulliss' husband). 

I am also under a duty to send the Chief Coroner a copy of your response. 

The Chief Coroner may publish either or both in a complete or redacted or summary form. 
He  may  send  a  copy  of  this  report  to  any  person  who  he  believes  may  find  it  useful  or  of 
interest.  You  may  make  representations  to  me,  the  coroner,  at  the  time  of  your  response, 
about the release or the publication of your response by the Chief Coroner. 

4 September 2025 

9 

Signature 

Tom Crookes Assistant Coroner for Newcastle and North Tyneside

Responses

1 response published against this report on judiciary.uk. A response is a body's written reply to the coroner's concerns; publication is at the discretion of the Chief Coroner's office, so an absent response does not mean nobody replied.

Response from Newcastle upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust (PDF)
Headquarters 
                                                                                                                                  Freeman Hospital 
                                                                                                                                          High Heaton 
                                                                                                                             Newcastle upon Tyne 
                                                                                                                                               NE7 7DN 

30th October 2025 

Mr Thomas Crooks 
HM Assistant Coroner 
Civic Centre 
Barrass Bridge 
Newcastle upon Tyne 
NE1 8QH 

Dear Mr Crooks 

Thank you for your letter of 4th September 2025 following the inquest of NICOLA 
MULLISS, in which you issued a regulation 28 report to prevent future deaths. 

The matter of concern you identified was: 

‘In evidence I was told that had a swab been taken for microbiological analysis when the 
wound was re-sutured, it was possible that the Staphylococcus Aureus infection could 
have been detected at this earlier juncture and treatment instigated before the infection 
spread and resulted in the fatal staphylococcal meningitis.  However, I was told that it is 
not policy / guidance for such testing to be undertaken so this did not occur.’ 

Our response: 

I would like to express our condolences to the family of Miss Mulliss.  I am grateful for 
your observations and we are committed to learning from this case to strengthen patient 
safety and clinical practice.  

Having reviewed your comments, we can confirm that it is not clinically appropriate to 
take swabs of all leaking wounds.  Wounds leak for a number of reasons, frequently as 
a result of the natural healing process.  Serous or haemoserous fluid leaks (as occurred 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
                                                                                                                              
 
                                                                                                            
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 2

in this case) are common, and part of the inflammation associated with all wounds.  
They are not indicative of infection.  Like healthy skin, post operative wounds are 
seldom sterile and microorganisms can be isolated from all wounds whether they are 
infected or not.  Isolating organisms does not always mean that the patient requires 
antibiotic treatment and unnecessary use of antibiotics can lead to increased 
antimicrobial resistance which is a global threat to health.  

Staph aureus colonisation in the skin is common in the normal population, estimated to 
be around 1 in 3 people, although this can vary in different age groups or health risk 
factors.  For certain procedures it is important to mitigate the risk of these and other 
organisms from causing infection by ensuring asepsis of the surgical field, administering 
prophylactic antibiotics among other measures.  This is recognised by national and 
international guidelines (NICE, WHO, CDC, and other professional bodies). 

Following your correspondence, I can confirm that we will strengthen our pathways to 
ensure that when a patient is suspected of having an infection, appropriate cultures are 
undertaken in a timely manner, including wound swabs and that where clinically 
appropriate, patients are commenced promptly on antibiotics.  Compliance with these 
standards is regularly monitored, and we will also consider additional ways to 
strengthen these safeguards. 

I hope this response reassures you that we are taking these issues very seriously and 
are constantly seeking to further improve our standards in this important area. 

Yours sincerely 

Acting Chief Executive

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