Prevention of Future Deaths reports · 2017

Peter King

Regulation 28 report to prevent future deaths, reference 2017-0414, written 20 Nov 2017. A coroner writes one of these when an inquest reveals a risk that could cause further deaths unless something changes.

Date of report20 Nov 2017
Reference2017-0414
DeceasedPeter King
CoronerPatricia Harding
Coroner areaKent (Central & South East)
CategoryHospital Death (Clinical Procedures and medical management) related deaths
Organisation namedEast Kent Hospitals University NHS Foundation Trust
Sourcejudiciary.uk record · original PDF
Responses published1

The report

Text extracted from the PDF text layer. Reproduced verbatim, including the scan's own layout.

REGULATION 28 REPORT TO PREVENT FUTURE DEATHS 

THIS REPORT IS BEING SENT TO:  East Kent Hospitals University NHS Foundation Trust 
CORONER 

1 

I am Patricia Harding Senior Coroner for Central and South East Kent 

2 

CORONER’S LEGAL POWERS 

I  make  this  report  under  paragraph  7,  Schedule  5,  of  the  Coroners  and  Justice  Act  2009  and 
regulations 28 and 29 of the Coroners (Investigations) Regulations 2013. 
http://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2009/25/schedule/5/paragraph/7 
http://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2013/1629/part/7/made 

3 

INVESTIGATION and INQUEST 

On  30/03/2017  I  commenced  an  investigation  into  the  death  of  Peter  Blakeney    KING.  The 
investigation concluded at the end of the inquest 20th September 2017. The conclusion of the 
inquest was Peter King died on 19th March 2017 from head injuries sustained when he fell from 
his bed on 18th March 2017 whilst an inpatient at William Harvey Hospital where he had been 
admitted with confusion and fever. This, together with his age and mobility issues meant that 
Mr. King was a high risk of falls: at the time the fall occurred no precautions had been put in 
place to minimise the risk of falling  
1a    
 b 
c   
II   

 Head Injuries 

4 

5 

CIRCUMSTANCES OF THE DEATH 
Mr King presented to the Accident and Emergency department at William Harvey Hospital on 
16th  March  2017  with  acute  onset  of  confusion,  headache,  fever  and  limb  weakness. He  was 
treated with antibiotics for sepsis and a CT head was performed which was diagnostically of no 
use because Mr King was agitated at the time of the scan. Mr King was moved from the clinical 
decision unit to Cambridge M1 ward at 01.40 on 18th March 2017 and underwent a further CT 
scan at 09.08. He was sedated in order for the CT scan to be carried out. The scan showed no 
evidence of gross intra or extra axial collection or gross acute large infarction. 
At 18.50 on 18th March 2017 Mr. King was found sitting on the floor having fallen from his bed. 
The  fall  was  unwitnessed  by  staff  but  another  patient  reported  that  he  had  seen  Mr.  King 
climbing through the gap between his bed rails and the end of the bed.  
Mr. King had not lost consciousness as a result of the fall but had suffered a bleeding laceration 
to  his  forehead  which  was  dressed.  It  is  not  clear  from  the  evidence  how  this  injury  was 
sustained. A CT scan performed at 21.41 revealed a large acute extra axial collection along the 
entire right hemisphere measuring a maximum depth of 33mm, a midline shift of 25mm and 
mass  effect  with  compression  and  total  effacement  of  the  ipsilateral  ventricular,  third  and 
fourth  and  frontal  horn  of  the  left  lateral  ventricle.  There  was  a  loss  of  grey-white  matter 
differentiation  and  sulci/gyral  pattern  of  the  entire  brain  parenchyma.  Acute  haemorrhage 
appeared to be filling the fourth ventricle. 
Advice was sought from the neurosurgical team at King’s College Hospital who determined that 
Mr.  King  was  not  a  candidate  for  any  surgical  intervention  and  should  be  conservatively 
managed as the prognosis was poor. 
Mr. King subsequently died on 19th March 2017. 
CORONER’S CONCERNS 

During the course of the inquest the evidence revealed matters giving rise to concern. In my 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 opinion there is a risk that future deaths will occur unless action is taken. In the circumstances 
it is my statutory duty to report to you. 

The MATTERS OF CONCERN are as follows.  –  

(1) Between January 2017 and April 2017 five deaths occurred on Cambridge Wards at William 
Harvey Hospital. Common to each was the fact that the death was caused as a result of a fall on 
the  ward  in  circumstances  where  falls  risk  assessments  were  either  inadequate,  incomplete, 
not reviewed or not enforced. Inquests in respect of each the deaths have been held, the last in 
November 2017. The Trust was given an opportunity following the earlier inquests to provide 
evidence of changes to practice following the deaths. It is recognised that at the time of hearing 
the inquests much work has already been done to address these issues but that work is ongoing 
and  parts  of  that  work  have  not  yet  been  implemented/were  in  the  process  of  being 
implemented. It is for this reason that Regulation 28 reports arise from three of the deaths. 
(2) In respect of Mr King a falls risk assessment and precautions to minimise the risk of falls was 
not  properly  documented;  interventions  were  not  recorded  and  no  referrals  were  made  to 
either  the  falls  team  or  physiotherapy.    A  bed  rails  risk  assessment  was  completed  which 
recorded that bed rails were not recommended but were in use at the time of the fall. 
(3)  When  Mr  King  was  transferred  to  Cambridge  ward  from  the  clinical  decision  unit  the 
receiving nurse recognised that Mr King should have been nursed in an observable bed with a 
crash  mat  and  as  neither  were  available  on  the  ward,  escalated  the  matter  to  the  site  co-
ordinator.  There  was  no  evidence  that  these  concerns  were  ever  addressed    by  the  site  co-
ordinator or followed up by nursing staff 
(4) A review of the falls risk assessment and bed rails assessment was recorded, however the 
fact that interventions were required to prevent the risk of falls was either not recognised or 
not implemented.  
(5) Falls risk was not addressed at handover 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 6 

ACTION SHOULD BE TAKEN 

In  my  opinion  action  should  be  taken  to  prevent  future  deaths  and  I  believe  you  East  Kent 
Hospitals University NHS Foundation Trust have the power to take such action.  

7 

YOUR RESPONSE 

You are under a duty to respond to this report within 56 days of the date of this report, namely 
by 16th January 2018.  I, the coroner, may extend the period. 

Your  response  must  contain  details  of  action  taken  or  proposed  to  be  taken,  setting  out  the 
timetable for action. Otherwise you must explain why no action is proposed. 

8 

COPIES and PUBLICATION 

I have sent a copy of my report to the Chief Coroner and to the following Interested Persons; 
Next of Kin. I have also sent it to Care Quality Commission who may find it useful or of interest. 

I am also under a duty to send the Chief Coroner a copy of your response.  

The Chief Coroner may publish either or both in a complete or redacted or summary form. He 
may send a copy of this report to any person who he believes may find it useful or of interest. 
You  may  make  representations  to  me,  the  coroner,  at  the  time  of  your  response,  about  the 
release or the publication of your response by the Chief Coroner. 

9 

20/11/2017 

Signature:  

Patricia Harding Senior Coroner Central and South East Kent

Responses

1 response published against this report on judiciary.uk. A response is a body's written reply to the coroner's concerns; publication is at the discretion of the Chief Coroner's office, so an absent response does not mean nobody replied.

Response from East Kent NHS Trust (PDF)
REC!.,

17 JAN 7018 7
East Kent
Hospitals University
NHS Foundation Trust
Trust Offices
Kent & Canterbury Hospitat
Mrs P Harding ee Conseay
Senior Coroner Central and South East Kent Kent CT1 3NG
Cantium House
2" Floor Tel: 01227 866379
Sandling Road
Maidstone
ME14 1XD

Our Ref: SA/HG/hp
12 January 2018

From: Susan Acott, Interim Chief Executive

Dear Mrs Harding
Re — Mr Peter Blakeney King (deceased)

Following the conclusion of the Inquest hearing into the death of Mr Peter Blakeney King on 20
September 2017 and your subsequent letter dated 20 November 2017 pursuant to paragraph 7,
Schedule 5 of the Coroners and Justice Act 2009 and regulations 28 and 29 of the Coroners
(Investigations) Regulations 2013, | write to inform you of the actions and considerations taken by
East Kent Hospitals University NHS Foundation Trust.

We note this Regulation 28 Report to prevent future deaths is one of three Inquests heard by the
Central and South East Coroners in September 2017 and the matters of concern relate to the
management of falls within the Trust. Acknowledgment by the Senior Coroner of the
improvements that have already been made by the Trust regarding timely and adequate falls risk
assessments is gratefully received and this work continues as outlined in my response.

The rate of patient falls and patient falls resulting in harm to patients are key patient safety
measures which the Trust monitors monthly as part of our quality indicators. They also form part of
the core patient safety component of the Board priorities for 2017/18. Reports are received
monthly to the Board of Directors and the Quality Committee on our performance against plan. We
have set ourselves challenging stretch targets to achieve as our patient falls prevention

programme is of a high priority. The latest confirmed results for October 2017 show the falls rate is
5.63 per 1,000 occupied bed days, which is below our target for the year. The confirmed falls
national rate from the 2015 National Falls Audit was 6.6 per 1,000 occupied bed days; the Trust
overall had a confirmed falls rate of 6.29 at the time of publication. This shows the falls rate for the
Trust overall is better than the national rate.

a

The National Falls Audit also reports a patient harm rate i.e. where the harm to the patient, as a
direct consequence of the fall is severe or death as with the patients concerned. The national rate
in the 2015 report was 0.18 per 1000 occupied bed days; this was the rate for the Trust overall in
this part of the National Falls Audit. This shows the rate of harm to be the same as the national
rate. The results of the 2015 National Falls Audit showed that the Trust had improvements to
make in all three of our bed-holding hospitals; this improvement programme has again been a
priority for the Trust.

There are no published studies of falls risk prediction tools that predicted risk at greater than 70%
sensitivity. The National Institute Health and Care Excellence (NICE) therefore concluded that all
inpatients aged 65 and older ‘should have their care managed as if they are at risk of falling’ on the
basis that these patients ‘often have newly acquired risk factors (such as acute illness, delirium,
cardiovascular disease, impaired mobility, medication or syncope syndrome) and are exposed to
unfamiliar surroundings, which puts them at increased risk of falling during their inpatient stay’.’
The current falls policy and risk assessment tool reflect NICE guidance and we have focused on
these areas specifically in order to action the factors that are known to reduce falls risk. We
therefore reviewed our Falls Risk Assessment and Care Plan (FRACP) to be explicit about how
incorporate this guidance. We also developed a quality improvement programme call “Fallstop”
which to prevent patients falls in our care.

Round 2 of the National Falls Audit took place in May 2017, after the three falls in question had
occurred; the audit results were published on 22 November 2017, two days after the Trust received
the three Regulation 28 reports. Table 1 demonstrates current performance and the
improvements seen across the three hospitals.

Table 1 - Comparative data from the 2015 and the 2017 National Falls Audit

Site | Delirium | Continence! BP% | Medication | Vision % | Call bell | Mobility

% CP % % % ald %
2017 oO 7

“K&CH 100 100 24 95 88 78 | «92

|QEQMH = 100 93 40 100 100 8 86

| WHH 92 93 / 38) 94 | 92. | 93 ~~ 100

| oO ; 2015 ,

| K&CH | 60 65.2 88.2 | 91.7— 667 | 846 | 92

|QEQMH | 65 50 667 8B 70.6 76.9 885

| WHH 37.9 45.5 45.8 0 36.4 18.2 | 556 |

The patient falls all occurred on the frailty Ward at the William Harvey Hospital; this ward often has
confused, wandering patients and this situation requires additional ‘eyes and ears’ to help provide
a safe environment for the patients. It is a challenge to ensure that there are always sufficient staff
on duty each shift to meet the ideal staff to patient ratio. Additional NHS Professionals Health Care
Assistants and Registered Nurses that are requested are sometimes unfilled. Where this situation
occurs, staff are redeployed from other clinical areas. We have in the past three month introduced
SafeCare across the Trust. SafeCare enables ward staff see if their staffing levels match the
demand and for staff to be moved across the site during each day. The nurse-in charge conducts
a census three times per day of the number and acuity of the patients and inputs this onto the

system. SafeCare then calculates the number of nursing hours that are required during this
census period and compares it to the number of nursing hours available. This allows for the
Clinical Site Team to make informed decisions when moving the staff to the area of greatest risk
and allows for the efficient use of all available nursing time.

In June, 2017 a business case was approved to support a full time band 4 Associate Practitioner
(AP) for Falls Prevention and she joined the team in September 2017. She is actively supporting
the Fallstop programme.

| would like to take this opportunity of thanking you for your letter and can reassure you that we

have taken on board your comments and will continue our commitment to deliver a safe and
effective service to our patients.

Yours sincerely
Su fy
Susan Acott

Interim Chief Executive

1. National Institute for Health and Care Excellence. Falls in older people: assessing risk and
prevention (CG161). Manchester: NICE, 2013. www.nice.org.uk/quidance/cg161

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