Prevention of Future Deaths reports · 2018

William Abrahams

Regulation 28 report to prevent future deaths, reference 2018-0074, written 6 Mar 2018. A coroner writes one of these when an inquest reveals a risk that could cause further deaths unless something changes.

Date of report6 Mar 2018
Reference2018-0074
DeceasedWilliam Abrahams
CoronerSarah Bourke
Coroner areaInner North London
CategoryHospital Death (Clinical Procedures and medical management) related deaths
Sourcejudiciary.uk record · original PDF
Responses published1

The report

Text recovered by OCR from a scanned PDF. OCR is imperfect: check anything you rely on against the source PDF. Reproduced verbatim, including the scan's own layout.

HM Senior Coroner
‘ Inner North London

REGULATION 28: REPORT TO PREVENT FUTURE DEATHS

REGULATION 28 REPORT TO PREVENT FUTURE DEATHS
THIS REPORT IS BEING SENT TO:

Simon Stevens

Chief Executive NHS England .
PO Box 16738,

Redditch,

B97 SPT

CORONER

lam: Assistant Coroner Sarah Bourke
Inner North London ;
Poplar Coroner’s Court
127 Poplar High Street
London ;
E140AE .

CORONER'S LEGAL POWERS

| make this report under paragraph 7, Schedule 5, of the Coroners and Justice _
Act 2009 and Regulations 28 and 29 of the Coroners (Investigations) Regulations
2013.

INVESTIGATION and INQUEST

On 1 September 2017, Assistant Coroner Buckett commenced an investigation
into the death of William John Abrahams who was born on 18 May 1936. The
investigation concluded at the end of the inquest, which was conducted by me
on 17 January 2018.

The conclusion of the inquest was that Mr Abrahams died of natural causes. |
recorded a medical cause of death of:

1a ruptured abdominal aortic aneurysm

CIRCUMSTANCES OF THE DEATH

Mr Abrahams presented to the A&E Department at the Royal London Hospital
on 28 August 2017 with a 24-hour history of abdominal and back pain. He was
found to have a ruptured abdominal aortic aneurysm. He underwent
endovascular repair. The procedure was started under local anaesthetic with
sedation but was then converted to general anaesthetic as Mr Abrahams’ heart
rate, blood pressure and clotting status was difficult to maintain. Mr Abrahams
remained unstable during the procedure. He was found to have intraperitoneal
fluid as a result of the rupture of the aneurysmal sac into the peritoneum. It was
decided that Mr Abrahams would not survive any further intervention. He died
at the hospital that evening at 6.48 pm.

CORONER’S CONCERNS

During the course of the inquest, the evidence revealed matters giving rise to
concern. In my opinion, there is a risk that future deaths could occur unless
action is taken. In the circumstances, it is my statutory duty to report to you.

The MATTERS OF CONCERN are as follows. —

(1) Mr Abrahams was not invited for screening to check whether he had an
Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm, as he was over 65 at the time that the screening.
programme \ was introduced.

(2) Only about 20% of people that have a ruptured Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm
survive

(3) As Abdominal Aortic Aneurysms are asymptomatic until they begin to leak,
the benefits of “opting in” to the screening programme may not be apparent to
‘patients.

ACTION SHOULD BE TAKEN

\n my opinion, action should be taken to prevent future deaths and | believe you
have the power to take such action.

YOUR RESPONSE

You are under a duty to respond to this report within 56 days of the date of this
report, namely by 16 April 2018. |, the coroner, may extend the period.

Your response must contain details of action taken or proposed to be taken,
setting out the timetable for action. Otherwise you must explain why no action
is proposed.

COPIES and PUBLICATION

| have sent a copy of my report to the following:
e HHJ Mark Lucraft QC, the Chief Coroner of England and Wales

es davehters of Mr Abrahams
e [have also sent it to EEE who may find it of interest.

| am also under a duty to send the Chief Coroner a copy of your response.

The Chief Coroner may publish either or both in a complete or redacted or
summary form. He may send a copy of this report to any person who he
believes may find it useful or of interest. You may make representations to me,
the coroner, at the time of your response, about the release or the publication
of your response by the Chief Coroner.

Sarah Bourke
Assistant Coroner

Responses

1 response published against this report on judiciary.uk. A response is a body's written reply to the coroner's concerns; publication is at the discretion of the Chief Coroner's office, so an absent response does not mean nobody replied.

Response from NHS England (PDF)
Sarah Bourke

Assistant Coroner

Inner North London Poplar Coroner's
Court

127 Poplar High Street

London E14 0AE

Dear Sarah

NHS,

VEARS
England = as

Professor Stephen Powis
National Medical Director
Skipton House

80 London Road

SE1 6LH

[SOAP 2018

Re: Regulation 28 Report to Prevent Future Deaths William following an inquest

into the death of John Abrahams

Thank you for your Regulation 28 Report (“Report”) dated 17 January 2018 concerning
the death of William John Abrahams on 28 August 2017. | would like to express my

deep condolences to Mr Abrahams’ family.

The Report concludes William John Abrahams death was a result of natural causes with
a medical cause of death recorded as a ruptured abdominal aortic aneurysm.

Following the inquest you raised concerns in your Report to NHS England regarding —

(1) Mr Abrahams was not invited for screening to check whether he had an
Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm (“AAA”), as he was over 65 at the time that the

screening programme was introduced.

(2) Only about 20% of people that have a ruptured Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm

survive.

(3) As Abdominal Aortic Aneurysms are asymptomatic until they begin to leak, the
benefits of ‘opting in’ to the screening programme may not be apparent to

patients.

With regards to point 1, men are currently invited to NHS Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm
Screening Programme (“NAAASP’) in the year they are 65. The programme was
introduced in England in 2009 on the recommendations of the UK National Screening
Committee (“UKNSC”) following review of research evidence and data from existing
local screening programmes against specific criteria’. This evidence showed a reduction
in deaths from aneurysms when men were offered screening in their 65" year.
Subsequently the UKNSC concluded that the ultrasound screening should be offered to
men in their 65" year with men over 65 being able to self-refer or ‘opt in’ and request

screening.”

High quality care for all, now and for future generations

All NHS screening programmes are implemented on the recommendations of the UK
National Screening Committee (“UKNSC”) which oversees screening policy in the UK.
Recommendations are made to initiate screening programmes that target a defined
group of the population which has been identified as being at risk and would benefit
most from the screening test.

The North East London NAAASP began in April 2013. At this time Mr Abrahams was 81
years and would therefore not have received an invitation to have AAA screening.
However he would have received screening had he asked for an appointment.

When there is new evidence that brings current recommendations into question, the
UKNSC has a set process for review of this new evidence including consideration of the
eligible age of those invited.*

The NAAASP is led and coordinated in England by Public Health England including the
development of the national service specification, quality standards and national
programme awareness campaigns and patient information and promote informed
consent in men aged 65 and over. NHS England is responsible for commissioning the
programme according to the national service specification. The specification reflects the
recommendations and sets out the requirements for delivery of the screening
programme.

To address your concern as detailed at point 2, research shows that offering men
ultrasound screening in their 65" year should reduce the rate of premature death from
ruptured AAA by up to 50 per cent. In January 2016 the National AAA Screening
Programme had screened over one million men in England and over 10,000 aneurysms
had been detected that need monitoring or treatment. 2000 of these were large
aneurysms, requiring urgent surgery.’

Men that are found to have an aneurysm during AAA screening are referred to specialist
vascular hospital services for further assessment, monitoring and if required surgery to
treat the aneurysm. Men with screen detected aneurysms will see a nurse specialist for
health assessment and health improvement advice and will either be referred for
treatment or monitored with regular screening through the surveillance programme.
Their risk is increased by smoking, high blood pressure or through close family history.
With regards to your concern at point 3, during 2012-13 the North East London AAASP
Communications and Engagement Plan promoted the launch of the programme in April
2013. This was targeted at men aged 64 years and older, their families, friends and
carers; as well as key programme partners in the area (e.g. GPs, care home workers,
district nurses, religious organisations, voluntary sector) who may be able to support the
screening service by encouraging patients/people they have caring responsibilities for or
friends or neighbours who are eligible to take up screening.

High quality care for all, now and for future generations

Each local AAA screening programme coordinates screening for their population. GP
Practices are contacted to notify them of men due to be invited to screening and to
inform them that men over the age of 65 who have not been screened can contact the
service and self-refer. Promotional materials are also provided to each GP practices for
Staff, display in public areas to promote awareness and accessibility to the screening
programme. GPs are sent result letters to highlight men who have not attended and are
requested to encourage self-referral to the programme. Screening programme staff
have attended GP forums, provided promotional events in public venues such as
Sainsbury supermarkets to improve awareness of men aged 64 and over and the wider
public.

In 2018-19 NHS England London Region Public Health Commissioners will continue to
support London AAA screening programme providers to ensure that programmes work
to improve men’s awareness of their options to attend screening. A local quality
standard implemented by NHS England London ensures that programmes record the
numbers of men in each local Clinical Commissioning Group over 65 who Self-Refer to
the screening programme. This is monitored by commissioners and informs screening
programme communication strategies with the local population. In 2018-19 this will
include:
- Targeted work with GPs in areas of higher deprivation and potential inequalities
in access
- Working with other health providers to ‘sign post’ men aged 64 and older to the
programme
- Promotional media campaigns for GP surgeries/Pharmacies/Public Arenas
- Community events
- Working with patient groups and advocates
Using social media advertising and development of programme website

Thank you for bringing your concerns to my attention. | hope this response provides you

with the assurance that NHS England is responding to the concerns raised and has
taken appropriate action.

Yours sincerely,

Professor Stephen Powis.
National Medical Director
NHS England

High quality care for all, now and for future generations

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