Prevention of Future Deaths reports · 2018

Paul James

Regulation 28 report to prevent future deaths, reference 2018-0254, written 27 Apr 2018. A coroner writes one of these when an inquest reveals a risk that could cause further deaths unless something changes.

Date of report27 Apr 2018
Reference2018-0254
DeceasedPaul James
CoronerChristopher Sutton-Mattocks
Coroner areaMid Kent & Medway
CategoryState Custody related deaths
Sourcejudiciary.uk record · original PDF
Responses published1

The report

Text extracted from the PDF text layer. Reproduced verbatim, including the scan's own layout.

IN THE MID KENT AND MEDWAY CORONER’S COURT 

In the matter of the inquest touching the death of PAUL DAVID ANTHONY JAMES 

A regulation 28 report – ACTION TO PREVENT FUTURE DEATHS 

This report is being sent to:-  THE SECRETARY OF STATE FOR JUSTICE 

Copies to:- The Governor, HMP Elmley; The Chief Coroner. 

1/  Coroner - Christopher Sutton-Mattocks, HM Assistant Coroner for Mid Kent and Medway 

2/  I make this report under paragraph 7 (1) of Schedule 5 to the Coroners and Justice Act 

2009. 

3/  The inquest into the death of Mr James was opened and adjourned on 23/12/16. It was 

resumed on 9/4/18 and concluded on 18/4/18.    

The cause of death was 1a Incised Wound to Abdomen.  The conclusion of the jury was 

death by misadventure.  In a discrete question asked of the jury the conclusion was that it 

had been unreasonable to allow Mr James access to razor blades in his cell. 

4/  The circumstances of the death.  

 Mr James was arrested in Gillingham on 24/4/16 for criminal damage.  He was taken to 

Medway Maritime Hospital as a result of extensive injuries to his left arm due to self harm.  

When taken into custody at Medway Police Station he told the custody sergeant that on this 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 occasion he had intentionally self harmed and that he had also tried to harm himself on 

previous occasions whilst under the influence of drink or drugs. 

He was initially remanded in custody at HMP Belmarsh.  On 30/6/16 he was sentenced to 2 

years and 2 months imprisonment for offences of affray and the breach of a suspended 

sentence for assault occasioning actual bodily harm.  He was received into HMP Elmley on 

31/5/16. 

On 5/7/16 an ACCT (assessment, care in custody and teamwork report) was opened after 

Mr James stated that he wanted to take his own life.   

On 8/7/16 Mr James was in a three person cell.  He cut his arms and thighs .  The room was 

covered in blood.  Staff then saw Mr James cut his right forearm and pull out his own 

organs; fat, vessels and ligaments could be seen.  He would not stop.  He then found 

another razor blade and cut his inner thighs.  Officers put on full protective clothing and 

after entering the cell subdued Mr James.  Senior Officer Cunningham described it as the 

worst self harm he had ever seen.  An ambulance and an air ambulance were summoned 

and Mr James was taken to King’s College Hospital where he was placed in an induced 

coma.    

Mr James returned to HMP Elmley on 13/7/16.  Between that date and the date of his 

death, 20/12/16, he was the subject of considerable attention from prison health care.  That 

included assistance in the inpatients department, once for some considerable time and 

specialist care from two consultant psychiatrists.  In the latter stages it became clear that he 

was not taking the drugs prescribed to him.   

On 20/12/16 Mr James was found in his cell at 09.50 am having made tentative cuts to his 

abdomen with a razor blade.  He had then made a 17 cm long cut to his abdomen to a depth 

of approximately 3 cm.  Officers, a nurse and a doctor attended but it was clear to them that 

Mr James had died some time earlier.  He was certified dead at 10.03 am.  

 
 
 
 The Coroner’s Concerns 

This was a prisoner with a known history of serious self harm even before 8/7/16.  On that 

day he had used razor blades to inflict very serious injuries to himself.  He was known to 

have ceased taking his prescribed medication.  He was placed in a single cell and permitted 

access to razor blades again.  Following Mr James being found dead in his cell on 20/12/16 

three razor blades were found by 

, Kent Police, in a search of the cell.  The blades 

had been used to make nine tentative cuts to the abdomen followed by a 17 cm cut.  His 

intestines were exposed on the bed alongside him.  The consultant pathologist, 

, gave evidence that he had died as a result of loss of blood over a period of 

approximately 20 minutes. 

The Matters of Concern 

That Mr James was given access to razor blades in all the circumstances. 

Action to be taken 

 Practical difficulties in restricting the supply of razor blades were raised in evidence by the 

.  They included the following:-  razor blades are handed out for 

reasons of personal hygiene, that they are available from the canteen, that they could be 

obtained from other prisoners, that other sharp instruments might be used instead and that 

serious self harm with the use of razor blades is rare. 

Action that should be taken to prevent future deaths.  There should be further investigation 

and research undertaken to develop protocols and procedures to deny prisoners access to 

razor blades in the rare circumstances in which a prisoner is known to have seriously self 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 harmed with the use of razor blades in the past, and especially when it is known that he/she 

has self harmed on other occasions  

C J SUTTON-MATTOCKS 

Assistant Coroner for the County of Kent 

27/4/18

Responses

1 response published against this report on judiciary.uk. A response is a body's written reply to the coroner's concerns; publication is at the discretion of the Chief Coroner's office, so an absent response does not mean nobody replied.

Response from Hm Prison Probation Service (PDF)
Michael Spurr 

                                                                                                             Chief Executive 

        HM Prison & Probation Service 

            8th Floor 102 Petty France 

            London 

            SW1H 9AJ 

                      Email: ceohmpps@noms.gsi.gov.uk 

Mr Christopher Sutton-Mattocks 
Kent and Medway Coroner’s Court 
Cantium House,  
County Hall, 
Sandling Road,  
Maidstone,  
ME14 1XD  

31 October 2018   

Dear Mr Sutton-Mattocks 

Thank you for your Regulation 28 Report of 9 April 2018 following the recent inquest 
into the death of Paul James at HMP Elmley on 20 December 2016.  

I know that you will share a copy of this response with Mr James’ family and I would 
like first to express my condolences for their loss. Every death in custody is a tragedy 
and the safety of those in our care is my absolute priority.   

Your concern is the availability of razor blades to prisoners with a history of self-harm 
by  using  them,  and  you  have  suggested  that  further  investigation  and  research  is 
undertaken  to  develop  protocols  and  procedures  to  deny  prisoners  access  to  razor 
blades in these circumstances.  

I  understand  that  you  were  made  aware  during  the  inquest  that  as  part  of  the 
requirement  to  have  safe  systems  of  work  in  place,  there  is  an  expectation  that 
measures will be in place at each prison to assess and manage the risk posed by the 
availability of disposable razors as a means of self-harm. This was most recently re-
enforced in a letter from Phil Copple, the Executive Director of Prisons, to Governors 
in April 2018. 

In response to your concerns, we are taking a number of further actions.  First, we 
will be issuing a learning bulletin within the next few weeks that draws on the 
example of this case to re-emphasise the risk presented by access to razor blades 

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                           
 
 
 
                                                                                                            
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 and provides further guidance on how to manage them. Second, early in 2019 we will 
be piloting a revised version of the ACCT case management process for prisoners at 
risk of self-harm and suicide, and we will ensure that the revised documentation that 
is being introduced prompts case managers specifically to consider the risks 
associated with razor blades, and whether or not it is appropriate to take steps to 
restrict access, as part of each individual case review.  Finally, the Prison Safety 
Team is giving further consideration to a broader range of options for managing this 
issue, including the practicality of further controls on access and the availability of 
safer alternatives to disposable razors.  

Thank you again for bringing these matters of concern to my attention. I hope that 
this response provides reassurance that learning from this tragic incident is being 
shared widely across the prison estate. 

Yours sincerely 

Michael Spurr

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