Prevention of Future Deaths reports · 2022

Ghulam Mohammad

Regulation 28 report to prevent future deaths, reference 2022-0361, written 14 Nov 2022. A coroner writes one of these when an inquest reveals a risk that could cause further deaths unless something changes.

Date of report14 Nov 2022
Reference2022-0361
DeceasedGhulam Mohammad
CoronerGraeme Irvine
Coroner areaEast London
CategoryHospital Death (Clinical Procedures and medical management) related deaths
Organisation namedBarts Health NHS Trust · Whipps Cross University Hospital NHS Trust
Sourcejudiciary.uk record · original PDF
Responses published1

The report

Text extracted from the PDF text layer. Reproduced verbatim, including the scan's own layout.

MR G IRVINE 

SENIOR CORONER 

EAST  LONDON 

East  London Coroners, Queens Road  Walthamstow,  E17  SQP 

REGULATION  28:  REPORT TO  PREVENT FUTURE  DEATHS (1) 

Ref: 15653789 

REGULATION 28  REPORT TO  PREVENT FUTURE DEATHS 

THIS REPORT IS  BEING SENT TO: 

• 

• 

Whitechapel Road, Whitechapel, London,  E1  1BB 

Chief Executive, Barts  Health, Royal  London  Hospital, 

Care 39  Victoria St,  Westminster, London  SW1 H 01:U 

 The Secretary of State for Health  & Social 

1 

CORONER 

I am Graeme  Irvine, senior coroner,  for the coroner area of East London 

2 

CORONER'S  LEGAL POWERS 

I make this  report under paragraph  7, Schedule 5, of the Coroners and  Justice Act 2009 
and  Regulations 28  and  29  of the Coroners (Investigations)  Re~gulations 2013. 
httQ:LLwww.legislation.gov.ukLukQgaL2009L2SLscheduleL5LQaragraQhL7 
httQ:LLwww.legislation .gov.ukLuksiL2013L1629LQartL7 Lmade 

3 

INVESTIGATION and  INQUEST 

On  19th  October 2021  I commenced  an  investigation  into the death of Ghulam 
Mohammad  age 89  years. The investigation concluded  at the 1end  of the  inquest on  19th 
April 2022 and  6th  October 2022.  I made a determination of a narrative conclusion : 

Mr  Ghulam  Mohammad  was  admitted  to  hospital  on  9th  October  2021 .  Whilst  an 
inpatient he  suffered a  fall  on  11 th  October 2021 ,  he  died  as  a consequence  of injuries 
sustained in  that fall on  18th  October 2022. 
Mr Mohammed's medical cause of death  was determined as; 

1 

 
 
 
 1 a Subdural Haematoma 
1 b Community Acquired  Pneumonia 
1c 
II  Chronic Kidney  Disease,  Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus,  Hypertension 

4 

CIRCUMSTANCES OF THE DEATH 

Ghulam Mohammed was an  89-year-old  man admitted to  hospital 9/10/21  by  ambulance 
following  an  unwitnessed fall.  On  admission his  blood  results showed ; coagulopathy and 
acute kidney  injury . 

Imaging showed  no intra-cranial bleed  but was suggestive of pneumonia and  faecal 
impaction.  He was treated  with  IV fluids an  anti-biotics . Mr Mohammed was  prescribed 
Vitamin  K after discussion with  Haematology. 

On  11/10/21  Mr Mohammed sustained  a fall  in  the bathroom causing a head  injury , he 
became more confused . Following a medical review an  urgent CT head was requested . 

A CT head was  not undertaken until  15/10/2021 , a four-day delay. 

Prior to  undergoing the CT head - Mr Mohammed was  prescribed  low molecular weight 
heparin , a prophylactic against the  risk of venous thromboembolism which  impedes 
clotting  function. 

The CT head  identified  a large right-sided  subdural haematoma 
with  a mid line shift. Following neurological  advice conservative  management was given , 
the  patient's condition  deteriorated and  he sadly  passed  away  on  the  18/10/2021 . 

5 

CORONE~SCONCERNS 

During the course of the  inquest the  evidence revealed  matters giving  rise to  concern.  In 
my  opinion there  is a risk that future deaths could occur unless action  is taken.  In  the 
circumstances it is  my  statutory duty to  report to you . 

The  MATTERS OF  CONCERN are as follows .  -

1.  A patient with  a high  risk of falls sustained  a fatal  injury  in  an  avoidable fall  in 

hospital. 

2.  Following that fall , an  urgently requested  CT head was delayed  for four days. 
3.  Before the  requested  CT head was undertaken , a doctor prescribed  blood 

thinning  medication - enoxaparin to  Mr Mohammed . Enoxaparin can  exacerbate 
an  intra-cranial  bleed . The  medication was administered on  13 & 14th  October 
2021 .  Both  the  prescription and  the administrations of enoxaparin were made 
without knowing  the extent of any  intra-cranial damage caused  by  the  fall  on 
11/10/21 . 
Inadequate record  keeping  meant that there was no contemporary account of 
the factors taken  into consideration  by  the doctor or her supervising consultant 
in  prescribing  enoxaparin . 

4. 

5.  Neither the Trust's initial  SI  investigation  nor the  consultant statement to the 

inquest mentioned the use of enoxaparin or the  lack of clinical records justifying 

its use . 

6 

ACTION  SHOULD  BE TAKEN 

In  my opinion action  should  be  taken  to  prevent future deaths and  I believe you 

2 

 [AND/OR your organisation] have the  power to take such action . 

7 

YOUR RESPONSE 

You  are under a duty to respond  to  this report within  56 days of the date of this report, 
namely by  9th  January 2023. I, the coroner,  may extend the period . 

Your response must contain details of action taken or proposed to  be taken , setting out 
the timetable for action . Otherwise you  must explain why  no action  is  proposed . 

8 

COPIES and  PUBLICATION 

I have sent a copy of my  report to the  Chief Coroner and  to  the following  Interested 
Persons the family  of Mr Mohammad , the General Medical  Council and the CQC.  I have 
also sent it to the local  Director of Public Health who may  find  it useful or of interest. 

I am also  under a duty to  send  a copy of your response to  the Chief Coroner and  all 
interested  persons who in  my  opinion should  receive it. 

I may also send  a copy of your response to any other person who I believe may find  it 
useful or of interest. 

The Chief Coroner may publish either or both  in  a complete or redacted  or summary 
form . He may send  a copy  of this report to any  person who 
or of interest. 

believes may find  it useful 

You  may  make representations to  me,  the coroner,  at the  me of your response , about 
the  release or the publication of your response . 

( 

/ 

9 

[DATE]  14/11/2022 

[SIGNED BY CORONER]  d  V  /1 

3

Responses

1 response published against this report on judiciary.uk. A response is a body's written reply to the coroner's concerns; publication is at the discretion of the Chief Coroner's office, so an absent response does not mean nobody replied.

Response from Department of Health and Social Care (PDF)
From Maria Caulfield MP  
Parliamentary Under Secretary of State for  
Mental Health and Women's Health Strategy 
Department of Health & Social Care  

39 Victoria Street  
London  
SW1H 0EU  

Mr Graeme Irvine  
Senior Coroner East London  
East London Coroner's Court  
124 Queens Road Walthamstow  
E17 8QP  

13 May 2024  

Dear Mr Irvine,  

Thank you for your Regulation 28 report to prevent future deaths dated 31/10/2023 about 
the death of Ghulam Mohammad.  I am replying as Minister with responsibility for patient 
safety.  

Firstly, I would like to say how saddened I was to read of the circumstances of Mr 
Mohammad’s death, and I offer my sincere condolences to their family and loved ones. 
The circumstances your report describes are concerning and I am grateful to you for 
bringing these matters to my attention. Please accept my sincere apologies for the delay in 
responding to this matter.  

Your report raises concerns over an avoidable fall in hospital and following that fall, an 
urgently requested CT head was delayed for four days. Before the requested CT head was 
undertaken, a doctor prescribed blood thinning medication enoxaparin to Mr Mohammad. 
Enoxaparin can exacerbate an intra-cranial bleed.  The inadequate record keeping meant 
that there was no contemporary account of the factors taken into consideration by the 
doctor or her supervising consultant in prescribing enoxaparin.  Neither the Trust's initial 
serious incident investigation nor the consultant statement to the inquest mentioned the 
use of enoxaparin or the lack of clinical records justifying its use.   

In preparing this response, Departmental officials have made enquiries with NHS England 
and the Care Quality Commission (CQC).  By way of background, Barts Health NHS Trust 
is one of the largest NHS trusts in the country, having been formed by the merger of Barts 
and  the  London  NHS  trust,  Newham  University  Hospital  NHS  Trust  and  Whipps  Cross 

  
  
  
  
  
  
   
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
   
  
  
  
  
  
  
 University Hospital NHS Trust in April 2012. I note that the Chief Medical Officer at Barts 
Health NHS Trust wrote to you on 17 January 2023 setting out how it has addressed locally 
your five matters of concern in your prevention of future deaths report.  

The Department is content that the CQC took regulatory action when in May 2021, the  
CQC received whistleblowing concerns from staff working in imaging departments at Barts 
Health NHS Trust. These concerns included a wide range of issues including staffing, 
patient risk, processes, and leadership. To address these concerns CQC, alongside the 
Health and Safety Executive (HSE), carried out focused inspections and CQC had issued 
warning notices at the imaging departments of the Royal London Hospital and Whipps 
Cross Hospital in May 2021. A further inspection to review progress regarding improvement 
plans were carried out in September 2021.  CQC found that the provider has complied with 
the warning notices issued previously and had made improvements to ensure that 
diagnostic imaging services had more oversight of staffing rotas and risk assessments.  

Given the historic concerns related to this core service Diagnostic Imaging at Barts Health 
NHS Trust remains on the risk register of the local team and is a priority for future 
inspection. Any inspection activity will also review the areas of concern identified in the last 
inspection report including processes for accessing high priority scans. The inspection 
report can be accessed on the CQC website at 
https://www.cqc.org.uk/location/R1H12/inspection-summary.  

CQC continues to monitor the above issues, alongside concerns identified in this 
Regulation 28 Report, and have regular engagement with Barts Health and other key 
stakeholders on this matter.   

I am writing to the Trust Chief Executive and the Chief Medical Officer seeking assurance 
that they do implement the changes to ensure patient safety is maintained both in 
preventing falls, but also ensuring staff have training to know when to act promptly should a 
head injury occur.  

I hope this response is helpful. Thank you for bringing these concerns to my attention.   

Best Wishes,  

MARIA CAULFIELD

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