Prevention of Future Deaths reports · 2022

Anthony Reedman

Regulation 28 report to prevent future deaths, reference 2022-0375, written 22 Nov 2022. A coroner writes one of these when an inquest reveals a risk that could cause further deaths unless something changes.

Date of report22 Nov 2022
Reference2022-0375
DeceasedAnthony Reedman
CoronerGuy Davies
Coroner areaCornwall and Isles of Scilly
CategoryHospital Death (Clinical Procedures and medical management) related deaths
Organisation namedUniversity Hospitals Plymouth NHS Trust · North Bristol NHS Trust
Sourcejudiciary.uk record · original PDF
Responses published1

The report

Text extracted from the PDF text layer. Reproduced verbatim, including the scan's own layout.

Information Classification: PUBLIC 

REGULATION 28:  REPORT TO PREVENT FUTURE DEATHS  

Issued following the Inquest touching the death of Anthony James REEDMAN 

REGULATION 28 REPORT TO PREVENT FUTURE DEATHS 

THIS REPORT IS BEING SENT TO: 

Chief Executive Officer (CEO) of NHS England 

 Chief Executive Officer (CEO) of North Bristol NHS Trust (NBT) 

1 

CORONER 

I am Guy Davies, His Majesty’s Assistant Coroner for Cornwall & the Isles of Scilly 

2 

CORONER’S LEGAL POWERS 

I make this report under paragraph 7, Schedule 5, of the Coroners and Justice Act 2009 
and regulations 28 and 29 of the Coroners (Investigations) Regulations 2013. 

3 

INVESTIGATION and INQUEST 

On 5 July 2021 I commenced an investigation into the death of Anthony James 
REEDMAN. The investigation concluded at the end of the inquest on 21 November 
2022.  

The medical cause of death was as follows 

1a Cerebrovascular Infarct (Complicated by Post Thrombolysis Bleed) 

The statutory questions (who, how, when and where) were answered as follows 

Anthony James Reedman died on 30 June 2021 at Royal Cornwall Hospital 
Truro Cornwall from a stroke contributed to by a recognized complication of 
thrombolysis which was administered in an unsuccessful attempt to treat the 
stroke. 

The narrative conclusion of the inquest was 

Mr Reedman died following a stroke, contributed to by a further brain 
haemorrhage following the unsuccessful attempt to treat the stroke by way of a 
thrombolysis. This form of treatment was the only available option for the 
treating physicians.  The thrombolysis was administered at the extremity of the 
treatment window, namely 4.5 hours after the stroke. This delay in treatment 
was a direct consequence of an ambulance delay.  The possibility of a 
successful outcome from the thrombolysis was significantly reduced due to the 
delay in treatment. 

4 

CIRCUMSTANCES OF THE DEATH 

Mr Reedman was 54 years old at the date of his death. He had no relevant medical 
history and was otherwise a fit, healthy and active man with a range of outdoor leisure 
interests. 

1 

 Information Classification: PUBLIC 

He suffered a basilar artery stroke at approximately 21:45 hours whilst watching 
television with his wife and friends. His wife, Mrs Reedman, immediately made a 999-
call requesting an ambulance.  

Due to an ambulance delay, it was 4.5 hours before Mr Reedman received treatment by 
thrombolysis, being administered at approximately 02:25 hours.  Thrombolysis is the 
administration of "clot-busting" medicine.   

Clinical witnesses stated that they would have referred Mr Reedman for a thrombectomy 
if that option had been available. Thrombectomy involves using a specially designed clot  
removal device inserted through a catheter to pull or suck out the clot to restore blood 
flow.  Thrombectomy would have provided better chances of a positive outcome.  On 
average successful outcomes following treatment for a basilar artery stroke are 13% for 
thrombolysis, and 37% for thrombectomy. 

Thrombolysis was administered at the extreme edge of the window for that form of 
treatment. Thrombectomy can be performed over a slightly longer time frame than 
thrombolysis which is only recommended up to four and a half hours after a stroke. NHS 
England has approved thrombectomy for use up to six hours after stroke symptoms 
begin. 

Thrombectomy is available for limited periods of time for patients at RCHT. The Chief 
Medical Officer for Royal Cornwall Hospital Trust (RCHT) stated 

Derriford (University Hospitals Plymouth NHS Trust (UHP)) is the regional 
thrombectomy service for Cornwall….. At the time of Mr Reedman’s stroke in 
June 2021, the service operated from 0800 – 1700 Monday to Friday. UHP have 
recently extended their services from 17 September 2022 to include 
weekends/public holidays from 0700-1200, and from January 2023 are intending 
to extend to 1700 on weekend/public holidays. Therefore access to 
thrombectomy is improving but remains an issue as this is extremely time-critical 
intervention, but highly effective and indicative in a proportion of patients with 
acute stroke. Inability to access timely thrombectomy is lost opportunity to 
reduce the severity of neurological deficit caused by the stroke and thereby 
reduce the resultant disability. 

5 

CORONER’S CONCERNS 

During the course of the inquest the evidence revealed matters giving rise to concern. In 
my opinion there is a risk that future deaths will occur unless action is taken. In the 
circumstances it is my statutory duty to report to you. 

The MATTERS OF CONCERN are as follows.  –  

(1) There is no thrombectomy service available 24/7 for RCHT patients. Thrombectomy 
is considered by clinicians to be a lifesaving procedure.  On average, successful 
outcomes for treatment for a basilar artery stroke are 13% for thrombolysis, and 37% for 
thrombectomy.  Over the last year it is estimated that 75 stroke patients in Cornwall who 
would otherwise be suitable for thrombectomy procedures did not receive this procedure 
because it is not available 24/7 in Cornwall, unlike for example those who live in Bristol.  
A clinical witness described this situation as a postcode lottery. 

(2) The nearest 24/7 thrombectomy service is at NHS North Bristol. However, there is no 
service level agreement between Southmead and RCHT for the treatment of patients 
from Cornwall when the UHP service is unavailable. This limits the options available to 
RCHT clinicians in considering treatment for stroke patients.  

2 

 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Information Classification: PUBLIC 

6 

ACTION SHOULD BE TAKEN 

In my opinion action should be taken to prevent future deaths and I believe you have the 
power to take such action.  

7 

YOUR RESPONSE 

You are under a duty to respond to this report within 56 days of the date of this report, 
namely by 19 January 2023. I, the coroner, may extend the period. 

Your response must contain details of action taken or proposed to be taken, setting out 
the timetable for action. Otherwise you must explain why no action is proposed. 

8 

COPIES and PUBLICATION 

I have sent a copy of my report to the Chief Coroner and to the following Interested 
Persons; 

•  Mr Reedman’s wife and family 
•  RCHT  
•  SWAST 

I have also sent it to the UK Stroke Association who may find it useful or of interest. 

I am also under a duty to send the Chief Coroner a copy of your response.  

The Chief Coroner may publish either or both in a complete or redacted or summary 
form. He may send a copy of this report to any person who he believes may find it useful 
or of interest. You may make representations to me, the coroner, at the time of your 
response, about the release or the publication of your response by the Chief Coroner. 

9 

22 November 2022                                         Guy Davies  

3

Responses

1 response published against this report on judiciary.uk. A response is a body's written reply to the coroner's concerns; publication is at the discretion of the Chief Coroner's office, so an absent response does not mean nobody replied.

Response from North Bristol NHS Trust (PDF)
Information Classification: CONFIDENTIAL  

Trust Headquarters 
Gate 3 Level 2, Brunel Building 
Southmead Hospital 
Westbury-on-Trym 
Bristol BS10 5NB 

Website: www.nbt.nhs.uk 

HM Coroner’s Service – Cornwall & The Isles of Scilly  
Pydar House 
Truro 
TR1 1XU   

Dear Mr Davies,  

Re: Regulation 28 following the Inquest into the Death of Mr Anthony John Reedman 

I write further to the Regulation 28, dated 22nd November 2022, issued as a result of the inquest 
into the death of Mr Anthony John Reedman. 

The Regulation 28 raised two key concerns, namely:- 

1)  There is no thrombectomy service available 24/7 for Royal Cornwall Hospital Trust (RCHT) 
patients. Over the last year it is estimated that 75 stroke patients in Cornwall who would 
otherwise be suitable for thrombectomy procedures did not receive this procedure because 
it is not available 24/7 in Cornwall, unlike for example those who live in Bristol.  

2)  The nearest 24/7 thrombectomy service is at North Bristol NHS Trust. However, there is no 
service level agreement between Southmead and RCHT for the treatment of patients from 
Cornwall when the UHP service is available. This limits the options available to RCHT 
clinicians in considering treatment for stroke patients. 

Firstly, we would like to express our sincerest condolences to Mr Reedman’s family for their loss.    

Background to the thrombectomy service at North Bristol NHS Trust and thrombectomy services 
nationally 

The clinical benefits of providing a mechanical stroke thrombectomy service are well supported by 
evidence and thrombectomy has been formally recognised by NHS England (NHSE) as a priority 
for Specialised Commissioning. The NHS Long Term Plan outlines the rising demand for stroke 
and in particular the improvement for stroke services and requirement for thrombectomy 

A University of Bristol Teaching Trust. 
A University of the West of England Teaching Trust. 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Information Classification: CONFIDENTIAL  

expansion.  Funding and commissioning of mechanical stroke thrombectomy in England is 
managed through the local NHS England Specialised Commissioning team.  

Mechanical thrombectomy is an established service at North Bristol NHS Trust and we are the 
second biggest (as per the SSNAP report 20/21) provider of mechanical stroke thrombectomy 
procedures in England. In October 2020, North Bristol saw the introduction of a 8am – 8pm seven 
day thrombectomy service. Despite challenges over the last few years, our thrombectomy service 
has continued to make significant progress, and from December 2022 this service expanded to 
24/7, seven days a week funded and supported by NHSE Specialised Commissioning.  This 
service is staffed by a combination of the following: resident nurse practitioner, resident middle 
grade doctor, stroke/neurology Consultant, interventionalists, neuroscience doctors, radiographers, 
nursing staff and anaesthetists. North Bristol is part of the Integrated Stroke Delivery Network and 
our thrombectomy service currently covers patients residing in the Severn region (Gloucester, 
Bath, Taunton, Bristol, Yeovil and Cheltenham) and Swindon and our commissioning responsibility 
is aligned to that geography.  We recognise that out of region referrals will occur and our services 
will support such referrals if clinically and operationally possible.  

NHSE Specialised Commissioning teams are deciding on the roll out of the funding and 
commissioning of 24/7 mechanical stroke thrombectomy services in England.  University Hospitals 
Plymouth NHS Trust (UHP) are responsible for tertiary stroke services for Treliske Hospital, Truro 
and we understand that in line with this roll out UHP are working towards offering a 24/7 seven 
days a week thrombectomy service from 1st October 2023.  

Next steps  

On an interim basis, as University Hospitals Plymouth transition to a 24/7 seven days a week 
thrombectomy service in October 2023, we will explore with them and RCHT what support North 
Bristol can offer by way of out of region referrals in an attempt to mitigate the risk of patients that 
are suitable for thrombectomy procedures not receiving this procedure.    

We apologise we are unable to assist any further than this given the NHSE commissioning 
arrangements are outside of North Bristol NHS Trust’s control.  

I hope you will take some assurance from this letter that we have taken seriously the concerning 
points you made in your Regulation 28 report.  

Yours sincerely, 

A University of Bristol Teaching Trust. 
A University of the West of England Teaching Trust.

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