Prevention of Future Deaths reports · 2024

Alan Soane

Regulation 28 report to prevent future deaths, reference 2024-0180, written 2 Apr 2024. A coroner writes one of these when an inquest reveals a risk that could cause further deaths unless something changes.

Date of report2 Apr 2024
Reference2024-0180
DeceasedAlan Soane
CoronerIan Potter
Coroner areaInner North London
CategoryHospital Death (Clinical Procedures and medical management) related deaths
Sourcejudiciary.uk record · original PDF
Responses published2

The report

Text extracted from the PDF text layer. Reproduced verbatim, including the scan's own layout.

Regulation 28: Prevention of Future Deaths report 

Alan Andrew SOANE (died 26 June 2023) 

REGULATION 28 REPORT TO PREVENT FUTURE DEATHS 

THIS REPORT IS BEING SENT TO: 

1. 

NHS England 
133-135 Waterloo Road 
London 
SE1 8UG 

2.  The Rt Hon Victoria Atkins MP 

Secretary of State for Health and Social Care 
39 Victoria Street 
London 
SW1H 0EU 

1 

CORONER 

I am Ian Potter, assistant coroner, for the coroner area of Inner North London. 

2 

CORONER’S LEGAL POWERS 

I make this report under paragraph 7, Schedule 5, of the Coroners and 
Justice Act 2009 and Regulations 28 and 29 of the Coroners (Investigations) 
Regulations 2013. 

3 

INVESTIGATION and INQUEST 

On 30 June 2023, an investigation was commenced into the death of ALAN 
ANDREW SOANE, then aged 84 years. The investigation concluded at the 
end of an inquest, heard by me, on 18 March 2024. 

The inquest concluded with a short narrative conclusion. The medical cause 
of death was: 

1a intra abdominal sepsis and haemorrhagic shock 
1b anastomotic leak following pancreatico-duodenectomy (performed 
05/06/2023). 

4 

CIRCUMSTANCES OF DEATH 

Mr Soane was an otherwise fit and healthy 84 year old man. The 
circumstances of his death are recorded in the short narrative conclusion that 
I reached at the inquest, which was: 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 “Mr Soane underwent an endoscopy and biopsies at his local hospital in 
Essex in March 2023, which included a duodenal biopsy. The result of the 
duodenal biopsy was reported as, ‘Findings are highly suspicious for 
malignancy, most likely differentiated adenocarcinoma. Immunohistochemical 
study is requested, and a supplementary report will follow.’ As a result, Mr 
Soane was referred to the Royal London Hospital on a cancer pathway. A 
multidisciplinary team (MDT) meeting at the Royal London Hospital on 3 May 
2023, concluded, among other things, ‘diagnosis: duodenal cancer (biopsy-
proven).’ That meeting was undertaken without further biopsy or tests being 
undertaken. It transpires that the conclusion was not correct.  
Based on the outcome of the MDT meeting, Mr Soane was given a cancer 
diagnosis and agreed to complex surgery known as a ‘Whipples’ procedure, 
which was undertaken on 5 June 2023. Mr Soane died on 26 June 2023, as a 
direct result of known complications of the Whipples procedure. Mr Soane’s 
surgeon would not have offered him the Whipples surgery had it not been for 
the incorrect diagnosis provided.” 

5 

CORONER’S CONCERN 

During the course of the inquest the evidence revealed matters giving rise to 
concern. In my opinion, there is a risk that future deaths could occur unless 
action is taken. In the circumstances, it is my statutory duty to report to you. 

The MATTER OF CONCERN is as follows:- 

(1) The NHS Trust in this case was, and remains, unable to provide for 
the presence of a Consultant Histopathologist at Hepato-pancreato-
biliary MDT meetings. It was acknowledged that this was a factor that 
led to Mr Soane being given a cancer diagnosis that was incorrect. 
This inability to provide a Consultant Histopathologist is something that 
has been on the Trust’s risk register for over five years and recruitment 
exercises have taken place, to no avail. I was told in evidence that this 
is attributed to the fact that nationally, 25% of Consultant 
Histopathologist roles remain vacant; in short, there is a national 
shortage of Consultant Histopathologists.  

The concern here is that a national shortage of Consultant 
Histopathologists puts a widespread proportion of the patient 
population at a significant risk.  

I was reassured that the individual NHS Trust had made continued efforts to 
reduce the risks they identified, by attempting to recruit to the vacant post. 
However, I was not reassured that action has been taken at a national level 
to address the shortage generally. 

6 

ACTION SHOULD BE TAKEN 

In my opinion action should be taken to prevent future deaths and I believe 
that you have the power to take such action. 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 7 

YOUR RESPONSE 

You are under a duty to respond to this report within 56 days of the date of 
the report, namely by 28 May 2024. I, the coroner, may extend the period. 

Your response must contain details of action taken or proposed to be taken, 
setting out the timetable for action. Otherwise, you must explain why no 
action is proposed. 

8 

COPIES and PUBLICATION 

I have sent a copy of my report to the Chief Coroner and to the following: 

(a) 

(b) 

 (Mr Soane’s wife) 

, Chief Executive, Royal College of Pathologists, 6 Alie 

Street, London, E1 8QT 

I am also under a duty to send the Chief Coroner a copy of your response. 

The Chief Coroner may publish either or both in a complete or redacted or 
summary form. He may send a copy of this report to any person he believes 
may find it useful or of interest. You may make representations to me, the 
coroner, at the time of your response, about the release or the publication of 
your response by the Chief Coroner. 

9 

Ian Potter 
HM Assistant Coroner, Inner North London 
2 April 2024

Responses

2 responses published against this report on judiciary.uk. A response is a body's written reply to the coroner's concerns; publication is at the discretion of the Chief Coroner's office, so an absent response does not mean nobody replied.

Response from Department of Health and Social Care (PDF)
Mr Ian Potter 
St Pancras Coroner’s Court 
Camley Street 
London 
N1C 4PP 

Dear Mr Potter, 

24 May 2024 

Thank you for your Regulation 28 report to prevent future deaths dated 2 April about 
the death of Mr Alan Andrew Soane.  I am replying as Minister with responsibility for 
major diseases, including cancer.     

Firstly,  I  would  like  to  say  how  saddened  I  was  to  read  of  the  circumstances  of  Mr 
Soane’s death and I offer my sincere condolences to his family and loved ones. The 
circumstances  your  report  describes  are  concerning  and  I  am  grateful  to  you  for 
bringing these matters to my attention.  

The report raises concerns over the NHS Trust’s inability to provide for the presence 
of  a  Consultant  Histopathologist  at  Hepato-pancreato-biliary  multi-disciplinary  team 
meetings, and over the number of vacant Consultant Histopathologist roles nationally. 

In  preparing  this  response,  Departmental  officials  have  made  enquiries  with  NHS 
England (NHSE). I have been informed that NHSE has been granted an extension to 
18  June  to  send  a  response  to  you.  As an Executive Agency  of the  Department of 
Health  and  Social  Care,  NHSE’s  response  should  further  address  the  concern  you 
raised.  

I would like to reassure you that the training and recruiting of medical professionals is 
a very important matter for the government. I share your concern, and I would like to 
explain what the government is doing to address this.  

As  of  January  2024,  there  are  1,276  full-time  equivalent  (FTE)  Consultant  doctors 
working  in  the  specialty  of  histopathology  within  NHS  trusts  and  other  core 
organisations  in  England.  This  is  16  (1.2%)  more  than  in  January  2023,  70  (5.8%) 
more than in January 2019 and 188 (17.3%) more than in January 2010. In addition, 
GMC  data  shows  that  in  2023  there  were  506  doctors  in  histopathology  specialty 
training in England, which is 38 (8.1%) more than in 2022 and 123 (32.1%) more than 
in 2019.  

1 

 
 From the Rt Hon Andrew Stephenson CBE MP 
Minister of State for Health and Secondary Care 

39 Victoria Street 
London 
SW1H 0EU 

The NHS Long Term Workforce Plan (LTWP), published by NHS England in June 
2023, sets out the steps the NHS and its partners need to take to deliver an NHS 
workforce that meets the changing needs of the population over the next 15 years. 
The plan outlines the action needed to ensure we train and retain more staff, and 
reform medical education and training to put the NHS workforce on a sustainable 
footing for the future. 

The LTWP sets out the aim to double the number of medical school places in  
England to 15,000 places a year by 2031/32, and to work towards this expansion by 
increasing places by a third, to 10,000 a year, by 2028/29. We have brought forward 
the trajectory of this planned expansion for the last 2 years, having allocated 205 and 
350 additional places for the 2024/25 academic years respectively. There are now 
an additional 1,500 medical school places per year for domestic students in England 
– a 25% increase, taking the total number of medical school places in England to
7,500 each year. These expansions will increase the pool from which future
histopathologists and other specialists can be drawn.

The department will continue to work with NHS England and other system partners to 
deliver the ambitions set out in the LTWP to ensure improvements for patient safety 
and outcomes. 

I hope this response is helpful. Thank you for bringing this concern to my attention. 

THE RT HON ANDREW STEPHENSON CBE MP 
MINISTER OF STATE
Response from NHS England (PDF)
Ian Potter 
Assistant Coroner 
Inner North London 
St Pancras Coroners Court 
Camley Street 
London  
N1C 4PP 

National Medical Director  
NHS England  
Wellington House 
133-155 Waterloo Road  
London 
SE1 8UG 

18 June 2024  

Dear Coroner, 

Re: Regulation 28 Report to Prevent Future Deaths – Alan Andrew Soane who 
died on 26 June 2023.   

Thank you for your Report to Prevent Future Deaths (hereafter “Report”) dated 2 April 
2024 concerning the death of Alan Andrew Soane on 26 June 2023. In advance of 
responding to the specific concerns raised in your Report, I would like to express my 
deep condolences to Alan’s family and loved ones. NHS England are keen to assure 
the  family  and  the  coroner  that  the  concerns  raised  about  Alan’s  care  have  been 
listened to and reflected upon.   

I am grateful for the further time granted to respond to your Report and I apologise for 
any  anguish  this  delay  may  have  caused  to  Alan’s  family  or  friends.  I  realise  that 
responses to Coroner Reports can form part of the important process of family and 
friends coming to terms with what has happened to their loved ones and appreciate 
this will have been an incredibly difficult time for them.  

Your  Report  raised  concerns  that  there  is  a  national  shortage  of  Consultant 
Histopathologists and that this puts a widespread proportion of the patient population 
at significant risk.  

NHS England is working at a national level to deliver the Long-Term Workforce Plan. 
This is a robust and effective strategy to ensure we have the right number of people, 
with the right skills and support in place to be able to deliver the kind of care people 
need. It heralds the start of the biggest recruitment drive in health service history, but 
also of an ongoing programme of strategic workforce planning. It includes ambitious 
commitments  to  grow  the  workforce  by  significantly  expanding  domestic  education, 
training,  and  recruitment,  as  well  as  actions  aimed  at  improving  culture,  leadership 
and wellbeing so that more staff are retained in NHS employment over the next 15 
years. These actions will aim to close anticipated staffing shortfalls in the NHS in the 
long term, however Trusts have a responsibility to ensure safe staffing levels in the 
current day to day operation of their hospitals. This is part of the Health and Social 
Care Act 2008 (Regulated Activities) Regulations 2014: Regulation 2018 (Care Quality 
Commission (CQC) Regulation 18) which states that providers must deploy enough 

                                                                                                                       
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
  
 
 
 
 
   
 suitably qualified, competent and experienced staff to enable them to meet all other 
regulatory requirements. 

The Long-Term Workforce Plan also outlines how NHS England will need to take full 
advantage of digital and technological innovations. This includes using AI diagnostic 
support  to  improve  accuracy  and  efficiency  of  diagnostics  in  services  that  include 
pathology. Investment and support into pathology and imaging networks is ongoing 
and is expected to increase productivity across imaging and pathology services by up 
to 10% by March 2025.  

Since January 2010, there has been a 17% increase to 1,276 in the full-time equivalent 
of  consultant  doctors  working  in  the  specialty  of  histopathology  within  NHS 
organisations. Data from the General Medical Council also shows that in 2023 there 
were  506  doctors  in  histopathology  speciality  training  in  England,  which  is  a  32% 
increase since 2019.  

My colleagues within  the London region are also engaging with North East London 
Integrated  Care  Board  to  ascertain  more  details  about  Alan’s  care  and  to  gain 
assurance  that learnings have been taken regarding  Alan’s  incorrect diagnosis and 
treatment.    

I would also like to provide further assurances on national NHS England work taking 
place around the Reports to Prevent Future Deaths. All reports received are discussed 
by  the  Regulation  28  Working  Group,  comprising  Regional  Medical  Directors,  and 
other clinical and quality colleagues from across the regions. This ensures that key 
learnings and insights around preventable deaths are shared across the NHS at both 
a national and regional level and helps us pay close attention to any emerging trends 
that may require further review and action.   

Thank you for bringing these important patient safety issues to my attention and please 
do not hesitate to contact me should you need any further information.  

Yours sincerely,  

National Medical Director

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