Prevention of Future Deaths reports · 2025

Marina Waldron

Regulation 28 report to prevent future deaths, reference 2025-0238, written 21 May 2025. A coroner writes one of these when an inquest reveals a risk that could cause further deaths unless something changes.

Date of report21 May 2025
Reference2025-0238
DeceasedMarina Waldron
CoronerCaroline Saunders
Coroner areaGwent
CategoryHospital Death (Clinical Procedures and medical management) related deaths · Wales prevention of future deaths reports (2019 onwards)
Sourcejudiciary.uk record · original PDF
Responses published1

The report

Text extracted from the PDF text layer. Reproduced verbatim, including the scan's own layout.

Regulations 28 and 29 of the Coroners’ (Investigations) Regulations 2013

REGULATION 28: REPORT TO PREVENT FUTURE DEATHS

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REGULATION 28 REPORT TO PREVENT FUTURE DEATHS

THIS REPORT IS BEING SENT TO:

The Chief Executive of Aneurin Bevan University Health Board

CORONER

I am Caroline Saunders, Senior Coroner for the Area of Gwent

CORONER’S LEGAL POWERS

I make this report under Paragraph 7, Schedule 5, of the Coroners and Justice Act
2009 and Regulations 28 and 29 of the Coroners’ (Investigations) Regulations 2013

INVESTIGATION AND INQUEST

On 28/2/2024 an investigation was opened touching upon the death of
Marina Lorraine Waldron

The investigation concluded at the end of the inquest on 9/5/2025

The conclusion of the inquest was recorded as

A Narrative Conclusion in the following terms:

“Marina Lorraine Waldron died from the effects of aortic valve disease contributed to
by the side effects of treatment for ischaemic heart disease on 15/2/2024 at the
Grange University hospital in Llanfrechfa. Her death was also contributed to by
malnutrition.

The medical cause of death was:

1a) Lower Gastro-intestinal bleeding from angiodysplasia
1b) Aortic Stenosis

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2. Ischaemic heart disease with recent stent placement. Malnutrition.
CIRCUMSTANCES OF THE DEATH

Marina Waldron was admitted to hospital on 17/12/2023 with evidence of
gastrointestinal bleeding. I will not describe in detail the investigations performed or
the treatment she received thereafter. I found that this difficult situation was
investigated and managed appropriately. Despite receiving all appropriate treatment

 the gastrointestinal bleeding, caused by angiodysplasia, an uncommon complication
of aortic stenosis, proved overwhelming and MW died on 15/2/2024.

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CORONER’S CONCERNS

The MATTERS OF CONCERN are as follows: -

During the 8 ½ weeks of MW’s  hospital admission, her nutritional needs were poorly
considered or managed.

Examples of this include:

1. An ongoing failure to heed the family’s concerns that from admission to

hospital, MW was not eating or drinking adequately

2. A failure to formally monitor MW’s dietary intake
3. A failure to respond to a low Albumin level which is a sign of malnutrition
4. Dietary advice and parenteral feeding were not properly considered until

29/1/2024 (6 weeks after admission)

The medical staff who gave evidence agreed that malnutrition contributed to MW’s
death.

ACTION SHOULD BE TAKEN

In my opinion action should be taken to prevent future deaths and I believe you have
the power to take such action.

Whilst the cause of the malnutrition was likely to be multi-factorial, nonetheless basic
steps to address the situation were not taken.

I am concerned that poor attention to the basic nutritional needs could give rise to
future deaths, especially in the elderly and those with depleted physiological reserves.
YOUR RESPONSE

You are under a duty to respond to this report within 56 days of the date of this
report, namely I, the Coroner, may extend this period.

Your response must contain details of action taken or proposed to be taken, setting
out the timetable for action. Otherwise, you must explain why no action is necessary

COPIES AND PUBLICATION

I have sent a copy of my report to the Chief Coroner and the following Interested
Person (s)



The family of Marina Lorraine Waldron

I am also under a duty to send the Chief Coroner a copy of your response.

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 The Chief Coroner may publish either or both in a complete or redacted summary
form. He may send a copy of this report to any person who he believes may find it
useful or of interest. You may make representations to me, the coroner, at the time of
your response, about the release or the publication of your response by the Chief
Coroner.

9

DATE 20/5/2025

Signed

Caroline Saunders
His Majesty’s Senior Coroner for Gwent.

Responses

1 response published against this report on judiciary.uk. A response is a body's written reply to the coroner's concerns; publication is at the discretion of the Chief Coroner's office, so an absent response does not mean nobody replied.

Response from Aneurin Bevan University Health Board (PDF)
, Cadeirydd | Chair 

, Prif Weithredwr | Chief Executive 

Your ref: 

Private and Confidential 
Caroline Saunders 
Senior Coroner for Gwent 

Sent by email to: 

Dear Ms Saunders  

Thursday 17 July 2025 

Response to Regulation 28 Report received following the inquest touching on the death of 
Marina Lorraine Waldron  

Thank you for your letter and accompanying report, which the Health Board received on 22 May 
2025. I am writing to provide you with the Health Board’s response to the Regulation 28 report to 
prevent future deaths, following the inquest into the death of Marina Lorraine Waldron. To provide 
assurance  to  the  Coroner  that  sustained  improvements  are  being  embedded  across  our 
organisation,  we  have  established  a  dedicated  governance  structure  focused  on  nutrition  and 
hydration. 

This  structure  strengthens  our  ability  to  deliver  coordinated  quality  improvement  initiatives  and 
ensures  systematic  oversight  through  our  Quality  Management  System.  The  governance  model 
comprises  a  strategic  group  supported  by  two  operational  sub-groups,  each  with  defined 
responsibilities and multi-disciplinary representation to ensure robust oversight from board to ward. 

The  Strategic  Nutrition  and  Hydration  Group  provides  senior  leadership  and  organisational 
accountability.  It  is  chaired  by  the  Assistant  Director  for  Allied  Health  Professions  and  Health 
Science,  with  Deputy  Director-level  representation  from  Nursing  and  Medicine.  Membership 
includes colleagues from finance, digital, quality and patient safety, with Llais invited to participate 
to  ensure  the  voice  of  service  users  is  reflected.  The  group  meets  every  two  months  and  has 
standing agenda items including review of incident trends, risk register monitoring, and oversight of 
strategic  improvement  programmes.  It  also  acts  as  an  expert  advisory  group  to  the  wider 
organisation on matters relating to nutrition and hydration safety.  

Two operational sub-groups report directly to the Strategic Group:  

•  Food  Standards  Group  –  A  multi-disciplinary  group  with  responsibility  for  day-to-day 
operational oversight of food service delivery and specialist dietary needs. The group reviews 
incidents, identifies service improvements, and plays a key role in implementing the updated 
All-Wales  Nutrition  and  Catering  Standards  for  Food  and  Fluid  Provision  for  Hospital 

Bwrdd Iechyd Prifysgol Aneurin Bevan 
Pencadlys, Ysbyty Sant Cadog 
Ffordd Y Lodj, Caerllion, Casnewydd NP18 3XQ 

Aneurin Bevan University Health Board 
Headquarters, St Cadoc’s Hospital 
Lodge Road, Caerleon, Newport NP18 3XQ 

 01633 436 700   

 BwrddIechydPrifysgol   

 BIPAneurinBevan 

 01633 436 700   

 AneurinBevanHealthBoard  

 AneurinBevanUHB 

Rydym yn croesawu gohebiaeth yn Gymraeg a byddwn yn ymateb yn Gymraeg heb oedi. 
Bwrdd Iechyd Prifysgol Aneurin Bevan yw enw gweithredol Bwrdd Iechyd Lleol Prifysgol Aneurin Bevan. 

We welcome correspondence in Welsh and we will respond in Welsh without delay. 
Aneurin Bevan University Health Board is the operational name of Aneurin Bevan University Local Health Board. 

 
 
 
 
 
  
 
  
 
 
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Inpatients. This group meets monthly and escalates key issues and recommendations to the 
Strategic Group. 

•  Clinical  Standards  Group  –  A  multi-professional  group  overseeing  clinical  practice  and 
standards relating to nutrition and hydration across acute, community, maternity, paediatric, 
and older adult services. This group ensures consistent clinical standards, monitors nutrition-
related incidents, oversees risk assessments, and drives delivery of associated action plans. 
It also meets monthly and reports directly into the Strategic Group.  

The  introduction of  this governance framework  has already supported  the implementation of  key 
improvement actions at pace, including enhanced monitoring of fluid balance, improved escalation 
protocols for malnutrition risk, and strengthened documentation and compliance monitoring. These 
initiatives are being embedded within our Quality Management System and have enabled a more 
responsive and accountable approach to preventing avoidable harm.  

In  summary,  this  strengthened  governance  structure  ensures  senior  oversight,  operational 
alignment,  and  service  user  involvement  in  driving  continuous  improvement  in  nutrition  and 
hydration  safety.  It  provides  a  clear  mechanism  for  ensuring  that  learning  from  serious  incidents 
translates into meaningful and sustainable change across the organisation. 

As requested, the information presented below outlines the actions that have been taken and are 
being  taken  by  Aneurin  Bevan  University  Health  Board  to  mitigate  the  risk  of  similar  incidents 
occurring  in  future.  These  actions  are  framed  within  a  comprehensive,  multi-professional,  timed 
improvement programme which is included as an appendix to this letter.  

Concern 1: Failure to heed the family’s concerns about poor nutritional intake  

We  acknowledge  the  family's  repeated  concerns  and  regret  that  these  were  not  adequately 
responded to. To address this, the Health Board has implemented or will implement actions under 
Recommendation 1 of the attached plan, including: 

• 

Introduction  of  ward-level  reflection  sessions  using  anonymised  case  studies  to  explore 
communication challenges. 

•  Piloting of the divisional communication tool, AIDET and “difficult conversations” training.  
•  Promotion of the “Call for Concern” protocol to enable families to escalate issues directly. 
• 

Inclusion of Llais (the patient voice) within the Nutrition & Hydration strategic group  

Concern 2: Failure to formally monitor dietary intake  

To  improve  compliance  and  accuracy  in  monitoring  nutritional  intake,  Recommendation  2  of  the 
action plan focuses on: 

•  Development and deployment of a “Gold Standard” food chart and supporting 7-minute staff 

briefing. 

•  Reinforcement of red tray and visual identifiers for patients requiring dietary monitoring.  
•  Use of Audit Management and Tracking system (AMaT) data to assess and improve ward-

level compliance with food chart use.  

•  Exploration of environmental barriers such as early tray clearance or single-room isolation.  

Concern 3: Failure to respond to low albumin levels  

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Under Recommendation 3, we are strengthening escalation frameworks to support timely clinical 
decision-making. Key actions include:  

•  Dissemination of a Clinical Escalation Framework across all clinical divisions. 
• 
• 

Initiating a thematic review of delayed escalations related to nutritional concerns.  
Incorporation  of  learning  into  multidisciplinary  forums  such  as  Patent  Safety  &  Quality 
Learning & Improvement forum  

Concern 4: Delayed dietary advice and parenteral feeding consideration  

The need for earlier specialist involvement and clear documentation around nutritional care is being 
addressed through Recommendation 4, including:  

Improved recording of patient capacity and preferences in feeding decisions.  

• 
•  Review of SBAR (document designed to ensure accurate patient information is recorded 
and passed to receiving clinician following patient moves) and transfer documentation to 
include specific prompts on nutrition 

•  Reassessment of patient transport and discharge processes to ensure nutritional needs 

are considered.  

To embed sustained improvement and shared learning across the organisation, Recommendation 
5 focuses on:  

•  Nutrition & Hydration-focused divisional learning days.  
•  Presentations  of  Nutrition  &  Hydration  quality  improvement  initiatives  at  key  governance 

forums. 
Integration of progress updates into Quality Safety Learning and Improvement structures.  

• 

Ongoing Monitoring and Governance 

This action plan has been jointly developed by senior nursing, medical and allied health professions 
leadership with oversight from the Executive Director of Allied Health Professions (AHP) & Health 
Science and Executive Director of Nursing. A full governance route is in place, including the Nutrition 
& Hydration strategic group, Clinical Nutrition & Hydration sub-group, Ward Accreditation processes, 
and integration into the Health Board’s risk register and quality reporting structures. 

I would like to personally assure you that there is organisational-wide commitment to ensuring that 
the circumstances surrounding Mrs Waldron’s death led to meaningful and lasting improvements in 
the care of vulnerable patients. Please find enclosed our detailed action plan for your review. Should 
any further clarification or assurance be required, we would be happy to provide it.  

Yours sincerely,  

Prif Weithredwr | Chief Executive  

Enclosed:  Action Plan

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