Prevention of Future Deaths reports · 2014

William Savage

Regulation 28 report to prevent future deaths, written 18 Dec 2014. A coroner writes one of these when an inquest reveals a risk that could cause further deaths unless something changes.

Date of report18 Dec 2014
DeceasedWilliam Savage
CoronerDarren Salter
Coroner areaOxfordshire
CategoryService Personnel related deaths
Sourcejudiciary.uk record · original PDF
Responses publishednone published

The report

Text extracted from the PDF text layer. Reproduced verbatim, including the scan's own layout.

REGULATION 28:  REPORT TO PREVENT FUTURE DEATHS 

REGULATION 28 REPORT TO PREVENT FUTURE DEATHS 

THIS REPORT IS BEING SENT TO: 

1.  The Rt Hon Michael Fallon MP, Secretary of State for Defence 

1 

CORONER 

I am Mr D M Salter, HM Senior Coroner for Oxfordshire. 

2 

CORONER’S LEGAL POWERS 

I make this report under paragraph 7, Schedule 5, of the Coroners and Justice Act 2009 
and regulations 28 and 29 of the Coroners (Investigations) Regulations 2013. 

3 

INVESTIGATION and INQUEST 

On  the  14  May  2013  I  opened  Inquests  into  the  deaths  of  Corporal  William  Savage, 
Fusilier  Samuel  Flint  and  Private  Robert  Hetherington  who  sadly  died  in  Helmand, 
Afghanistan on 30 April 2013.  

I  concluded  the  Inquest  into  their  deaths  on  3rd  December  2014  at  Oxford  Coroners 
Court.  I  gave  a  conclusion  in  each  case  of  ‘Unlawfully  Killed  Whilst  on  Active  Service’ 
and, on the Record of Inquest, I made the following finding: 

William  Savage, Samuel Flint and Robert Hetherington were travelling in the back of a 
Mastiff Armoured Patrol Vehicle at approximately 1115 hours on 30 April 2013 on Route 
611,  6  kilometres  north  of  Lashkar  Gah  Durai,  when  it  was  subjected  to  a  very  large 
strike  from  an  Improvised  Explosive  Device  resulting  in  their  deaths.  The  IED  was 
placed in a tunnel under the road and triggered by a command wire. 

The medical cause of death in each case was blast injuries caused by an explosion.  

The  Inquest  heard  oral  evidence  from  14  witnesses.  This  was  from  soldiers  (including 
other vehicle occupants) Commanders and subject matter experts from the MOD. There 
was also evidence from an independent expert who I instructed in the field of armoured 
fighting  vehicle  design,  specialising  in  armoured  vehicle  survivability.  The  families  had 
concerns about the Mastiff Vehicle and the protection it provided. In particular, there was 
a question about whether the occupants were made more vulnerable to injury because 
of damage caused in a previous IED strike on the same vehicle in 2009. In the event, I 
found  there  was  no  significant  evidence  that  the  vehicle  did  not  provide  the  expected 
level of protection or that the occupants were more vulnerable to the injuries sustained 
because of the 2009 IED damage. Instead, it appeared to be a case of ‘blast overmatch’ 
and that the three soldiers who were killed were seated at the rear of the vehicle nearest 
the site of the explosion.  

The other main issue, and the one which is the subject of this report, is the concern on 
the  part  of  the  families  that  the  device  could  have  been  detected  beforehand.  I  will 
address this issue below.  

I  have  not  provided  you  with  a  copy  of  the  Inquest  file  as  a  full  copy  and  other 
documents (some marked as secret) are held by the Defence Inquests Unit. This letter 
has been copied to the DIU.  

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 4 

CIRCUMSTANCES OF THE DEATH  

More  specifically,  in  relation  to  intelligence,  it  was  known  that  a  surveillance  capability 
(PISTOL) had recorded activity known as a ‘hit’ at the location in the days preceding the 
IED  strike  on  27,  28,  29  April  and  earlier  in  the  morning  of  30  April  itself.  These  hits 
indicate  activities  which  could  include  digging  activity.  On  receipt  of  the  hits,  relevant 
personnel at the Patrol Base at Lashkar Gah Durai used other surveillance capabilities 
to look at the area of interest but nothing suspicious was observed. The  hits that  were 
received  were frequent and continuous but the  assessed  threat that  was recorded and 
made  available  to  others  (including  those  organising  and  conducting  the  patrol  on  30 
April) did not convey the fact that the hits were frequent and continuous and lasting over 
a period of 3/4 days.  

If  the  true  nature  of  the  hits/  threat  had  been  recorded  and  shared,  the  evidence  at 
Inquest  was  that  further  actions  and  possibly  a  high  risk  search  could  have  been 
considered at the location. There was therefore in my view a missed opportunity to carry 
out more informed consideration, although it is a matter of speculation as to whether in 
fact any such actions or a high risk search would have been authorised and would have 
discovered  the  tunnel/  device.  The  Battle  Captain  and  Intelligence  Analyst  who  initially 
received  and  assessed  the  possible  threat  indicated  by  the  PISTOL  hits  considered 
tunnelling  as a possible explanation but concluded that  it  was more likely  to be  due to 
faulty readings. The decision  was also  influenced, perhaps understandably, by the fact 
tunnelling was not a known tactic of the Insurgents. 

The location of the IED blast on Route 611 was ‘cleared’ by a US route clearing unit on 
29 April as a matter of routine but they did not have the information about frequent and 
continuous  PISTOL  hits  at  the  location  and  carried  out  a  normal  ‘hasty’  clearance  by 
driving  along  the  road,  looking  for  ground  signs  and  utilising  the  specialist  equipment 
that  they  have.  On  the  morning  of  30  April,  in  the  hours  before  the  IED  blast,  a  UK 
Combat  Logistics  Patrol  and  an  EOD  Unit  also  travelled  along  the  route  but  did  not 
detect anything. Of course, there  were  no ground signs because,  unusually, there was 
an  underground  tunnel  stretching  some  15/20  metres  from  a  nearby  compound  to  a 
point  underneath  the  road.  The  IED  had  not  been  dug  into  the  road  or  the  side  of  the 
road as usual and, consequently, there were no ground signs to be seen.  

5 

CORONER’S CONCERNS 

During the course of the Inquest the evidence revealed matters giving rise to concerns. 
In my  opinion  there is  a risk that future deaths  will  occur unless action  is taken.  In the 
circumstances it is my statutory duty to make this report to you. 

The  MATTERS  OF  CONCERN  do  not  solely  relate  to  PISTOL  hits  but  are  potentially 
wider. They are the following: 

-  The nature of the hits and the period over which they were received should have 
been  more  accurately  and  widely  circulated  on  the  relevant  Intelligence 
database.  The  commanders  of  the  Patrol  were  aware  there  had  been  PISTOL 
hits at the location (but not frequent and continuous hits over 3/4 days) and were 
led to believe that the location had been cleared the day before on the 29 April 
when the US route clearing team travelled along Route 611. 

- 

I fully appreciate of course that lessons have been learned as part of the normal 
process  of  investigation  after  such  a  tragic  incident.  I  understand  one  of  the 
lessons is in relation to the clearance of threat warnings from routes. It appears 
there may be a need for more detailed consideration before a threat is removed 
and marked as ‘cleared’.  

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 6 

ACTION SHOULD BE TAKEN 

In  my  opinion  action  should  be  taken  to  prevent  future  deaths  and  I  believe  that  your 
organisation have the power to take such action.  

7 

YOUR RESPONSE 

You are under a duty to respond to this report within 56 days of the date of this report. I 
may extend the period on request. 

Your response must contain details of action taken or proposed to be taken, setting out 
the timetable for action. Otherwise you must explain why no action is proposed. 

8 

COPIES and PUBLICATION 

I have sent a copy of my report to the Chief Coroner and to the families.  

The  Chief  Coroner  may  publish  either  or  both  in  a  complete  or  redacted  or  summary 
form. He may send a copy of this report to any person who he believes may find it useful 
or of interest. You may make representations to me, at the time of your response, about 
the release or the publication of your response by the Chief Coroner. 

9 

THURSDAY 18 DECEMBER 2014 

Mr D. M Salter – HM Senior Coroner

Related reports

More reports categorised “Service Personnel related deaths”

See all →

Track Service Personnel related deaths

See every Prevention of Future Deaths report matching Service Personnel related deaths, and how often a new one appears.

What would an alert for this have sent me? Search the full text

Free to try — the preview shows the real matches and how many arrived in the last 12 months. Your first email alert is free.

These reports are published by the Chief Coroner's office at judiciary.uk and are © Crown copyright. The text here is reproduced from the published PDF so it can be searched. If something on this page is wrong, or you are a person named in it and want it reviewed, email drcjar@gmail.com and we will act promptly.