Prevention of Future Deaths reports · 2015

Dale Proverbs

Regulation 28 report to prevent future deaths, reference 2015-0010, written 6 Jan 2015. A coroner writes one of these when an inquest reveals a risk that could cause further deaths unless something changes.

Date of report6 Jan 2015
Reference2015-0010
DeceasedDale Proverbs
CoronerAndrew Walker
Coroner areaLondon (North)
CategoryMental Health related deaths
Sourcejudiciary.uk record · original PDF
Responses published1

The report

Text recovered by OCR from a scanned PDF. OCR is imperfect: check anything you rely on against the source PDF. Reproduced verbatim, including the scan's own layout.

. North London Coroners Court,
Her Majesty's Coroner for the 29 Wood Steet

Northern District of Greater London —Barnet ENS 4BE
(Harrow, Brent, Barnet, Haringey and Enfield) Telephone 0208 447 7680

Fax 0208 447 7689

REGULATION 28 REPORT TO PREVENT FUTURE DEATHS

THIS REPORT IS BEING SENT TO:
Department of Health

Richmond House

79 Whitehall

London

SWI1A 2NS

i CORONER

lam Andrew Walker, senior coroner, for the coroner area of Northern District of Greater
London

2 | CORONER’S LEGAL POWERS

| make this report under paragraph 7, Schedule 5, of the Coroners and Justice Act 2009
and regulations 28 and 29 of the Coroners (Investigations) Regulations 2013.

3 | INVESTIGATION and INQUEST

On the 9" February 2012 | opened an inquest touching the death of Dale Owen
Ricardo Scott Proverbs , 21 years old. The inquest concluded on the 8" December
2014. The conclusion of the inquest was “Narrative”, the medical case of death was 1a
Sudden adult death in a person with Schizophrenia.

4 | CIRCUMSTANCES OF THE DEATH

The narrative conclusion sets out the facts.

On the 22™ January 13.30 Mr Proverbs was placed in seclusion at

|
| the North London Clinic where he was a patient detained under
| the Mental Health Act 1983.

| Mr Proverbs was, whilst in seclusion to be placed under
continuous observation. Mr Proverbs was last observed at around
19.00 hrs when he spoke to a member of staff who was observing
him through the seclusion room window. Mr Proverbs asked to
speak to the nurse who was carrying out the period of observation

and that interaction was the last time that Mr Proverbs was seen

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Her Majesty’s Coroner for the

Northern District of Greater London
(Harrow, Brent, Barnet, Haringey and Enfield)

alive. Between 15 to 20 minutes later a member of staff looking
through the seclusion window noticed that Mr Proverbs was
unwell and the alarm was raised. The nurse who was responsible
for carrying out continuous observations was sitting on a sofa and

did not have Mr Proverbs in his sight at the time that he collapsed.

An ambulance was called at 19.22 and arrived at the hospital at

19.29 and the ambulance staff reached Mr proverbs at 19.32 Hrs.

The Hospital policies in place at that time required continuous
observation of a patient in seclusion and this did not happen
resulting in Mr Proverbs collapse not being witnessed and as a

consequence Mr Proverbs death was contributed to by neglect.

The use of Clopixol played a more than minimal or trivial
contribution to Mr Proverbs death in that it is the most likely ofa
number of possible causes of the ventricular fibrillation.

(End of narrative conclusion)

Care at the North London Clinic was provided by Partnerships In

Care.

There are 3 documents that deal with the question of observation
in seclusion and these are firstly the

Code of Practice Mental Health Act 1983

Clinical Practice Guidelines — Violence The short-term

management of disturbed /violent behaviour in in-patient

Her Majesty’s Coroner for the

Northern District of Greater London
(Harrow, Brent, Barnet, Haringey and Enfield)

psychiatric settings and emergency departments. 2005/ 2006
North London Clinic Hospital Policies.-

It seems to me that the purpose of these policies is to ensure that

seclusion is properly used and managed safely.

Mr Proverbs was transferred to the North London Clinic on 21"

October under Section 48.

The use of seclusion was determined using Policy 94 together
with other relevant policies and the code of Practice for the

Mental Heath Act.

Policy 94 which is titled NURSING PATIENTS IN SECLUSION
AND LONGER TERM SEGREGATION.

The introduction sets out that

Nursing patients in seclusion or in longer term segregation can be
complex and require clear guidance to promote good practice
within the Partnerships In Care. The policy sets out the context
and framework within which Partnerships In Care staff will
practice.

The policy is to be read in conjunction with

Mental Heath Code of Practice England and Wales.

ey % Her Majesty's Coroner for the

ues — Northern District of Greater London
(Harrow, Brent, Barnet, Haringey and Enfield}

Partnerships In Care operational policies — Safe and Supportive
Observations

Reviewing of incidents and untoward occurrences

Guidelines for the use of rapid tranquilization

Health Record and Management

Partnerships In Care Operational Policy.

| The Partnerships In Care policy where under the heading

| observation the following sets out:-

The aim of the observation is to monitor the condition and
behaviour of the patient, specifically in relation to the reason for
the seclusion and to encourage de-escalation and positive
engagement as well as ensuring that the patient is safe. This level
of observation is continuous.

....the observing staff must be present at all times . they must be
constantly alert to the wellbeing of the secluded patient , and
record observations of the patients behaviour and evidence of

risks within a maximum period of every 15 minutes.

Where a patient in seclusion has been sedated , a registered nurse
should remain in sight and sound of the patient at all times and
vital signs should be recorded at regular intervals until assessed by

the nurse in charge and vital signs are normal.

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i
And then this :-
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i

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Her Majesty’s Coroner for the

Northern District of Greater London
(Harrow, Brent, Barnet, Haringey and Enfield)

The code of Practice for Mental health 1983 sets out at para 15.55

A suitably skilled professional should be readily available within
sight and sound of the seclusion room at all times throughout the

period of the patients seclusion.

And at 15.56

The aim of the observation is to monitor the condition and
behaviour of the patient and to identify the time at which
seclusion can be ended. The level of observation should be
decided on an individual basis. A documented report must be

made at least every 15 minutes.

Towards the end of the inquest, and in response to the issues
raised at the inquest, the current Partnerships In Care policies
were redrafted to conform exactly with the Code of Practice for

the Mental Heath Act 1983.

CORONER'S CONCERNS

During the course of the inquest the evidence revealed matters giving rise to concern. In
my opinion there is a risk that future deaths will occur unless action is taken. In the
circumstances it is my statutory duty to report to you.
The MATTERS OF CONCERN are as follows. —

That there were, at the time of Mr Proverbs death, Partnership

In Care Policies in place that created a higher standard of

observation required for patients on seclusion than the Code of

i
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Her Majesty’s Coroner for the

Northern District of Greater London
(Harrow, Brent, Barnet, Haringey and Enfield)

Practice for The Mental Heath Act 1983 prescribed.

The Partnerships In Care Policies in place at the time of Mr
Proverb’s death , if followed, are likely to have prevented his
death.

If the Code of Practice for the Mental Heath Act 1983 were to
be followed by Partnerships In Care, which is now their policy,
then the level of observation for patients in seclusion would not
be enough to prevent another fatality were the circumstances to

be the same as those surrounding Mr Proverbs death.

ACTION SHOULD BE TAKEN

In my opinion action should be taken to prevent future deaths and | believe you
[AND/OR your organisation] have the power to take such action.

YOUR RESPONSE

You are under a duty to respond to this report within 56 days of the date of this report,
namely by Tuesday 31° February 2015. |, the coroner, may extend the period.

Your response must contain details of action taken or proposed to be taken, setting out
the timetable for action. Otherwise you must explain why no action is proposed.

COPIES and PUBLICATION

| have sent a copy of my report to the Chief Coroner and to the following Interested
Persons;-

Representatives of FY

Partnerships in Care

| am also under a duty to send the Chief Coroner a copy of your response.

The Chief Coroner may publish either or both in a complete or redacted or summary
form. He may send a copy of this report to any person who he believes may find it useful
or of interest. You may make representations to me, the coroner, at the time of your
responsd, abouf the release or the publication of your response by the Chief Coroner.

Responses

1 response published against this report on judiciary.uk. A response is a body's written reply to the coroner's concerns; publication is at the discretion of the Chief Coroner's office, so an absent response does not mean nobody replied.

Response from Department of Health (PDF)
From Dr Dan Poulter MP
Parliamentary Under Secretary of State for Health

De part mM € nt Richmond House
of Health ae
POCS 913654 SWIA 2NS
Tel: 020 7210 4850
Mr A Walker
Senior Coroner
H.M. Coroner’s Court 7
29 Wood Street 17 MAR 2015
High Barnet
ENS 4BE

Dey I oe Mev,

Thank you for your letter following the inquest into the death of Dale Proverbs.

I was very sorry to hear of Mr Proverbs’ death and wish to extend my sincere
condolences to his family.

Mr Proverbs had been detained under the Mental Health Act 1983 and placed in seclusion
at a north London clinic, run by Partnerships in Care (PIC). While at the clinic, Mr
Proverbs was intended to be under continuous observation, as stipulated in PIC policy.

A nurse was assigned to observe Mr Proverbs. However when Mr Proverbs collapsed in
his room it was not noticed until 15 — 20 minutes after the nurse’s last direct observation
and communication. An ambulance was called, but Mr Proverbs suffered a ventricular
fibrillation which led to his death.

You state that the use of Clopixol is the most likely of a number of possible causes of the
ventricular fibrillation that led to Mr Proverbs’ death. You also say that neglect shown in
the lack of implementation of PIC policy on continuous observation of a patient in
seclusion contributed to Mr Proverbs’ death.

I understand that in response to the issues raised at the inquest, PIC redrafted their
policies to conform exactly to the 2008 Mental Health Act 1983 Code of Practice. I
appreciate that you consider that the PIC policies in place at the time of the death
demanded a higher standard of observation for secluded patients than is detailed in the
Code of Practice. However, the Code of Practice reflects the government’s commitment
to improving mental health services, and to protecting the most vulnerable in society and
has recently been revised to reflect substantial changes and updates in legislation, policy,
case law, and professional practice.

Staff failure in this case to adhere to the standards of observation set out either in PIC’s
own policy or in the Code of Practice are matters for PIC management, I note that you
have sent a copy of your Regulation 28 letter to PIC and I would expect them to address
any such outstanding issues.

Your main concern is however that the levels of observation recommended in the MHA
Code of Practice for patients in seclusion are not sufficient enough to prevent a death
from occurring in similar circumstances.

The Mental Health Act 1983 Code of Practice states that “a suitably skilled professional
should be readily available within sight and sound of the seclusion room at all times
throughout the period of the patient’s seclusion.”

The Department of Health has recently completed a thorough review of the Mental Health
Act 1983 Code of Practice which, subject to parliamentary approval, will come into effect
on 1* April 2015. As part of this procedure the requirements for reviewing seclusion have
been strengthened with changes to the timing and frequency of formal reviews of the
ongoing need for seclusion.

The draft being considered by parliament requires that seclusion should be ‘applied
flexibly and in the least restrictive manner possible, considering the patient's
circumstances’. The overall requirement for observation quoted above has not been
changed. However, for patients who have received sedation there is a requirement that a
skilled professional is outside the door at all times.

The Code goes on to explain that ‘the aim of the observation is to safeguard the patient,
monitor their condition and behaviour and to identify the earliest time at which seclusion
can end’. This acknowledges the importance of proper observation but also takes account
that constant observation is not always appropriate and could in some circumstances be
more restrictive than is necessary.

The National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE) is currently developing
guidelines for the management of violence and aggression. Their consultation draft takes
a similar approach to the Code, with a higher level of observation required where patients
have been sedated.

In addition, the National Confidential Inquiry into Suicide and Homicide (NCISH) is
currently undertaking a review of constant and intermittent observation on mental health
units entitled, “In-patient suicide under non-routine observation” and will publish results
in March 2015. Following this, NHS England is planning work with other organisations
to ensure that findings of the NCISH report, including those which relate to improving the
reliable delivery of effective observation, are considered and implemented.

I hope that this response is helpful and I am grateful to you for bringing the circumstances
of Mr Proverbs’ death to my attention.

ak Ls y

U

GYR DAN POULTER

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