Prevention of Future Deaths reports · 2015

Grant Benson and Gordon Davidson

Regulation 28 report to prevent future deaths, reference 2015-0102, written 18 Mar 2015. A coroner writes one of these when an inquest reveals a risk that could cause further deaths unless something changes.

Date of report18 Mar 2015
Reference2015-0102
DeceasedGrant Benson and Gordon Davidson
CoronerAndrew Tweddle
Coroner areaCounty Durham & Darlington
CategoryCommunity health care and emergency services related deaths
Organisation namedNorth East Ambulance Service NHS Foundation Trust
Sourcejudiciary.uk record · original PDF
Responses published2

The report

Text extracted from the PDF text layer. Reproduced verbatim, including the scan's own layout.

REGULATION 28 REPORT TO PREVENT FUTURE DEATHS 

THIS REPORT IS BEING SENT TO: 

1.  Yorkshire Ambulance Service. 

1 

CORONER 

I am Andrew Tweddle Senior Coroner, for the coroner area of County Durham and 
Darlington. 

2 

CORONER’S LEGAL POWERS 

I make this report under paragraph 7, Schedule 5, of the Coroners and Justice Act 2009 
and regulations 28 and 29 of the Coroners (Investigations) Regulations 2013. 
(see attached sheet) 

3 

INVESTIGATION and INQUEST 

On 22nd August 2014 I  commenced an investigation into the deaths of Grant Thomas 
Benson, age 21 and Gordon Nicky Davidson, age 26.  The investigation concluded at 
the end of the inquest on 18th March 2015. The conclusion of the inquest was Road 
Traffic Collision. Gordon N Davidson’s cause of death was given as 1a) Traumatic 
Injuries related to a Road Traffic Accident and Grant T Benson’s cause of death was 
given as 1a) Immediate Effects of Fire related to a Road Traffic Accident. 

4 

CIRCUMSTANCES OF THE DEATH 

Both deceased were travelling in a motor vehicle which crashed and hit a tree. The 
passenger died either at the time of the collision or soon thereafter. The driver survived 
the initial impact and died in the ensuing fire.  
CORONER’S CONCERNS 

5 

During the course of the inquest the evidence revealed matters giving rise to concern. In 
my opinion there is a risk that future deaths will occur unless action is taken. In the 
circumstances it is my statutory duty to report to you. 

The MATTERS OF CONCERN are as follows.  –  

Between the time of the impact and him being incapable of further speech the driver had 
a conversation with an Ambulance Control call handler with a view to securing the 
attendance of the Emergency Services. This call lasted for several minutes and it is 
clear from listening to the recording how frantic the driver became as the fire began and 
took hold. The driver gave quite an accurate description of his approximate location to 
the call handler but the call handler was unable at any time during the call to accurately 
locate the whereabouts of the incident. Technological information given by GPS gave an 
inaccurate location for the incident. The emergency call was routed to Yorkshire 
Ambulance Service rather than to North East Ambulance Service which would have 
been based in Newcastle Upon Tyne. The call handler with Yorkshire ambulance 
Service was based in Wakefield. She had no personal knowledge of the area. Despite 
having a map in front of her and the assistance of two other members of staff looking 
over her shoulder and trying to assist it was not possible for an ambulance to be 
dispatched. The call handler in evidence said that she repeated certain key information 
to the caller but that is not recorded. She gave evidence that she would have covered 
the microphone to speak to colleagues in trying to locate the incident. Her evidence was 
inconsistent. It is accepted in evidence that an option might have been to have sought 
further and urgent advice from a more local agency, the North East Ambulance Trust or 
possibly Durham Police or Durham and Darlington Fire Rescue Service. Evidence was 
given that it is not possible to transfer responsibility for calls from one emergency service 
to another and the only means of further communication would be by telephone. The 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 evidence was clear that in cross boundary area situations there are inadequate systems 
in place to secure the best possible response to an incident. It is not possible for one 
ambulance service to dispatch an ambulance from another ambulance service. 
Evidence was given that a suitable ambulance had been identified to be sent to this 
incident based at Richmond North Yorkshire with an estimated journey time of 28 
minutes. There was an ambulance station situated in Barnard Castle (and incidentally a 
Police Station and Fire Station) which is only some 5 minutes or so travelling time away 
from the incident location.  Because of the difficulties in establishing an exact location, at 
no time did Yorkshire Ambulance have sufficient information to despatch an ambulance. 
Emergency services only attended the scene of the incident once a further call had been 
made to the Emergency Services by a member of the public. The evidence in this case 
was that even if the local Fire Brigade had been promptly summond, an appropriate 
appliance would not have reached the incident scene sufficiently quickly to have 
changed the outcome i.e. the death of the driver. The evidence however, reveals system 
shortcomings which may in other circumstances lead to avoidable deaths taking place 
and therefore a review by the Emergency Services of a joined up approach could be 
particularly useful, in addition to a comprehensive review of call handling procedures in 
difficult circumstances such as these. 
ACTION SHOULD BE TAKEN 

6 

In my opinion action should be taken to prevent future deaths and I believe you have the 
power to take such action.  

7 

YOUR RESPONSE 

You are under a duty to respond to this report within 56 days of the date of this report, 
namely by 14th May 2015.I, the coroner, may extend the period. 

Your response must contain details of action taken or proposed to be taken, setting out 
the timetable for action. Otherwise you must explain why no action is proposed. 

8 

COPIES and PUBLICATION 

I have sent a copy of my report to the Chief Coroner and to the following Interested 
Persons, Yorkshire Ambulance Service. I have also sent it to 

, 

 Durham Constabulary, County Durham and Darlington Fire Brigade and 

North East Ambulance Service who may find it useful or of interest. 

I am also under a duty to send the Chief Coroner a copy of your response.  

The Chief Coroner may publish either or both in a complete or redacted or summary 
form. He may send a copy of this report to any person who he believes may find it useful 
or of interest. You may make representations to me, the coroner, at the time of your 
response, about the release or the publication of your response by the Chief Coroner. 

9 

[DATE]                                              [SIGNED BY CORONER]

Responses

2 responses published against this report on judiciary.uk. A response is a body's written reply to the coroner's concerns; publication is at the discretion of the Chief Coroner's office, so an absent response does not mean nobody replied.

Response from Fire Rescue Service (PDF)
Safest People, Safest Places County Durham and Darlington

Fire and Rescue Service
This matter is being dealt with by: | |
mz

ext: . Fire and Rescue Service Headquarters,
pate 23 April 2015 Belmont Business Park, Durham, DH1 1TW
Our Ref: a
Your Ref: Chief Executive: Susan Johnson

Mr Tweddle

Senior Coroner

HM Coroners Office
PO Box 282

Bishop Auckland
County Durham
DL14 4FY

Dear Mr Tweddle,

Following the Regulation 28 Report to Yorkshire Ambulance Service dated 19 March
2015, County Durham and Darlington Fire and Rescue Service (CDDFRS) have
conducted a review of policies and procedures for liaising with over the border Blue
Light Services when incidents occur on or near those adjoining borders.

The concerns raised in the Regulation 28 Report have been considered and our
comments are below.

1 Inability to Dispatch Resources without Identifying Exact Location
on Mapping System
In December 2014 CDDFRS introduced a new state of the art mobilising and
communications system into their emergency control room. Prior to the
introduction of this system control personnel would extract incident location
information from callers using interrogation techniques given to them during
initial training and induction.

The new system with its integral mapping system displays an approximate
location of the caller which is based upon the triangulated position of the cell
phone in use. This not only allows a fire appliance to be despatched to a
more accurate location than previously but it also allows the control operator
to view the possible location of the incident and use it to extract more
accurate information from the caller. Policy dictates that, if control
operators are unable to get an exact location from the caller, resources must
be mobilised to initial location information whilst operators continue to
interrogate the caller to gain further information.

Should the location displayed on the map indicate that the incident is on or
near the border of another emergency service area the fire control operator
would inform the appropriate emergency service immediately using a priority
telephone contact number.

se Moy,

x; Sofe/<
x
Stonewall Ee) Ws EQUALITY
DIVERSITY CHAMPION www.ddfire.gov.uk Saye ea

Tel: (0845) 305 8383 Fax: (0191) 386 6353 Minicom: (0191) 384 7524

Failure to Record All Communications

Audio, whether it be radio or telephony is recorded at all operator
workstations; the recording is activated as soon an operator opens up an
audio channel at that workstation. Under normal circumstances emergency
calls are monitored by a Supervisor thereby creating a dual record of the call
at both operator positions. Recordings are kept indefinitely.

Urgent Advice from a More Local Agency

County Durham and Darlington FRS have good working relations with
adjoining Fire and Rescue Services and would where necessary ask for
further advice regarding location information whilst, where appropriate,
keeping the caller on the line. Policy dictates that control operators must
immediately inform other emergency services where it is indicated that their
services may be required.

Transferring Calls from One Emergency Service to Another

Currently it is not technically possible to transfer an emergency call from one
emergency service to another. When calls are received in error for another
Emergency Service, the Fire Service control room will log the call and take
as many details from the caller as possible; at the same time another fire
control operator will inform the relevant emergency service. Where
necessary, and as appropriate, control operators will continue to speak to
callers until it ts known that assistance, from the attending emergency
service, has arrived at the incident.

Communications between Emergency Services
Although primary communications with other emergency services is via the
telephone there are a number of other contact paths available:

e Airwave radio hailing channels, monitored at all times in the control

room (other Fire & Rescue Services)

e Airwave radio hailing channel (North East Ambulance Service)

e Airwave radio hailing channel (Durham Constabulary)

e Email

e Fax

Direct Electronic Incident Transfer (DEIT) between emergency services is not
as yet available as computerised mobilising/ incident recording systems
within the individual control rooms are not compatible. Investigations into
possible solutions are being investigated and pilots are being undertaken
with various emergency services. CDDFRS are currently in talks with their
mobilising system supplier to help deliver this functionality.

Dispatching Resources from another Emergency Service

Due to the disparate nature of I.T systems in operation in other Fire and
Rescue Services it is not possible to directly dispatch their resources. In
addition, currently there are no protocols in place to view the locations of
their resources in order to be able to mobilise them. Effective mutual
assistance arrangements are, however, in place with all adjoining Fire and
Rescue Services.

Review of Call Handling Procedures

Following receipt of the Regulation 28 Report CDDFRS have reviewed their
call handling procedures for all adjoining Police and Ambulance Emergency
Services. Letters have been sent to all adjoining Police Forces and

Ambulance Trusts outlining changes to the way calls would be processed in
the future, this included exchanging and updating all direct primary access
telephone numbers for each adjoining emergency control room.

As mentioned previously there are already good communication protocols
and effective mutual assistance arrangements in place between each of the
five adjoining Fire and Rescue Services. In addition CDDFRS have remote
buddy arrangements in place with Leicestershire Fire and Rescue Service
who will, where necessary, take calls for CDDFRS and pass them back to the
control via agreed routes. These buddy arrangements only come into force if
spate conditions, usually associated with adverse weather conditions, affect
the whole of the North East Region.

Yours sincerely

Assistant Chief Fire Officer
Response from North East Ambulance Service NHS Trust (PDF)
North East Ambulance Service NHS

NHS Foundation Trust

Our ref: HMC 900 Ambulance Headquarters
Your ref: AT.DF.1499/1500.14 Bernicia House

The Waterfront
Private & Confidential Goldcrest Way —
Mr Tweddle Newburn Riverside
H.M. Coroners Office Newcastle upon Tyne
PO Box 282 NE15 8NY
Bishop Auckland
County Durham Tel: 0191 430 2000
DL14 4FY Fax: 0191 430 2086
41th June 2015
Dear Mr Tweddle,

RE: Gordon Nicky Davidson and Grant Thomas Benson, deceased

Following from the Regulation 28 report and recommendations sent to Yorkshire
Ambulance Service and bordering emergency services. | can confirm that the North East
Ambulance Service has undertaken a review of our own processes and systems in
tespect of cross-border incidents.

The Regulation 28 Report raised a number of concerns, which are shown below
alongside the specific response from our review.

1. Inability to dispatch without identifying exact location on mapping system.
The Trust uses northings and eastings co-ordinates to map the location of calls
alongside a Gazetteer pulling addresses from telephone landlines. Currently it is
being reviewed as to the feasibility of increasing the frequency of Gazetteer and
map updates for all Ambulance Trusts.

2. Failure to record all communications.

The Trusts contact centre systems record (NICE call recording system) the
following

= €xternal calls
= Airwave radio conversations

The North East Ambulance Service NHS Foundation Trust is registered, and therefore licensed to provide services,
by the Care Quality Commission (Provider ID: RX601). For more information visit www.cqc.org.uk

6. Is it not possible for one ambulance service to dispatch an ambulance from
another ambulance service?

Whilst we would not dispatch an ambulance from another service via our
systems, we would make direct contact and request that another service dispatch
a resource under ‘mutual aid’ agreements.

In the event of an emergency call being on or near a border and the Trusts
response time is likely to exceed the target in life threatening cases. The Trust
would contact the bordering ambulance service to request assistance.

This approach is custom and common practice with our colleagues in Yorkshire,
Scotland and the North West.

The wider principle of ‘interoperability’ is a key priority for all emergency services
and is being driven within ambulance services by the National Ambulance
Resilience Unit (NARU) and the Association of Ambulance Chief Executives
(ACCE). This work sees regular joint service exercises for which the Trust
regularly attend.

7. Review of call handling procedures
All relevant information has been passed to our training department to review our

call handling procedures and ensure any gaps are identified and acted on. We
are however confident that the existing procedures are robust.

Yours sincerely

pp Ordo
Pe

Head of Risk and Regulatory Services

The North East Ambulance Service NHS Foundation Trust is registered, and therefore licensed to provide services,
by the Care Quality Commission (Provider ID: RX601). For more information visit www.cqc.org.uk

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