Prevention of Future Deaths reports · 2016

Laxmi Thakker

Regulation 28 report to prevent future deaths, reference 2016-0165, written 28 Apr 2016. A coroner writes one of these when an inquest reveals a risk that could cause further deaths unless something changes.

Date of report28 Apr 2016
Reference2016-0165
DeceasedLaxmi Thakker
CoronerFiona Wilcox
Coroner areaLondon Inner (West)
CategoryHospital Death (Clinical Procedures and medical management) related deaths
Sourcejudiciary.uk record · original PDF
Responses publishednone published

The report

Text recovered by OCR from a scanned PDF. OCR is imperfect: check anything you rely on against the source PDF. Reproduced verbatim, including the scan's own layout.

REGULATION 28: REPORT TO PREVENT FUTURE DEATHS

REGULATION 28 REPORT TO PREVENT FUTURE DEATHS

THIS REPORT IS BEING SENT TO:

John Goulston

Chief Executive

Croydon University Hospital & NHS Trust
London Road

Croydon

CR7 7YE

1 CORONER

| am Dr Fiona J Wilcox, HM Senior Coroner, for the Coroner Area of Inner West London

2 | CORONER’S LEGAL POWERS

| make this report under paragraph 7, Schedule 5, of the Coroners and Justice Act 2009
and regulations 28 and 29 of the Coroners (Investigations) Regulations 2013.

3 | INVESTIGATION and INQUEST

On 22™ February 2016, 16" to 18" & 21° March 2016 I heard the inquest
touching the death of Laxmi Himatlal THAKKER.

Medical Cause of Death

1 (a) Multiple Organ Failure
(b) Acute limb ischaemia and infarction (operated 21.09.14 & 28.09.14)
(c) Left humerus fracture (operated 25.09.14)

II. Osteoporosis
Acute lung injury

How, when and where and in what circumstances the deceased came by her
death:

On 24/09/2014 Mrs Thakker fell at home sustaining a fracture of the left
humerus. She was admitted to Croydon University Hospital and a
hemiarthroplasty performed on 25/09/2014. She began to deteriorate overnight
and especially throughout the morning of the 26/09/14 and collapsed at
approximately 2pm. The deterioration was not recognised in part due to lack of

bedside observations. The “site team” were not informed. No bedside senior
assessment was undertaken. The diagnosis of post-surgical complications of
bleeding and vascular injury were missed despite her haemoglobin having fallen
to half its admission level and evidence of acute kidney injury. She did not
receive blood until approximately nine and a half hours after her collapse. The
care at Croydon University Hospital during the 26/09/2014 until the involvement
of senior team members late evening was consistent with neglect. She was
transferred in a critical condition to St George’s Hospital at approximately 01.00
on 27/09/2014. She was resuscitated and investigated but not admitted to ITU for
pre-surgical optimisation. Surgical revascularisation and investigation was
delayed until 18.30 hours on 27/09/2014. This was not successful and she
continued to deteriorate. She returned to theatre in the evening of 28/09/2014 for
amputation of her arm. However, she continued to decline and died on
29/09/2014 at 09.41 in ITU.

Conclusion as to the death

Accident contributed to by neglect

CIRCUMSTANCES OF THE DEATH

1. The evidence was that at the time of Mrs Thakker’s admission, Croydon
University Hospital (CUH) had recently moved to a fully computerised medical
records system. Patients’ observations were no longer recorded on an end of
bed chart in graphic form but instead were recorded by a Health Care Assistant
(HCA) in numerical form on a computer some distance from the patient. The
senior registrar was not aware of this change. In order to access and review
these observations, clinicians had to log onto a computer remotely sited from
the patient and specifically look them up. It was clear, from the evidence of
numerous witnesses that the ability of clinicians to make accurate assessments
of Mrs Thakker’s medical condition was hindered by this system. Expert
evidence was taken that in another hospital this system had been trialled and
withdrawn within hours due to the lack of bedside patient display.

2. The evidence was also that the HCA failed to escalate Mrs Thakker’s
observations despite the fact that they were abnormal and consistent with
deterioration in her condition.

3. 1 and 2 above compounded each other making it harder for reviewing clinicians
to correctly diagnose the underlying problem.

4. The court heard that there are now several computers on wheels (COWS) on
each ward that can be moved around on ward rounds and taken to the bedside,
but still no end of bed permanent display, despite the re-instatement of such a
chart being a recommendation of the hospital’s own internal inquiry following
Mrs Thakker’s death.

5. It would appear form the evidence that none of those caring for Mrs Thakker at
Croydon University Hospital contacted the “site team” (AKA the critical outreach
team) in relation to her care despite a deterioration in her “Views” score to 5 or
6. This was against the hospital’s own policy. CUH provided evidence that in
more than 40% of cardiac arrests that occur there, this score is 5 or more in the
preceding 2 hours. This raises questions about staff training.

When Mrs Thakker collapsed at CUH at approximately 2 pm, she was assessed
on the ward by a junior doctor who then attempted to contact the SR of Mrs
Thakker’s surgical team. No contact was effected as the SR was in fracture
clinic where there was reduced telephone coverage. -

Despite the cause of the collapse at CUH being due low haemoglobin, no blood
was started until nine and a half hours later, by which time Mrs Thakker was in a
critical condition. When she reached St Georges Hospital she required
resuscitation with O negative blood.

No expert or senior advice was given at the bedside in relation to Mrs Thakker’s
care until 10- 11pm, some 8 to 9 hours after her first collapse at CUH. This
collapse at 2pm at CUH had been mis-diagnosed as vaso-vagal rather than
post-surgical complications and by the time she was eventually seen and
appropriately diagnosed and treated and transferred to St George’s Hospital,
she was in a critical condition.

CORONER’S CONCERNS

During the course of the inquest the evidence revealed matters giving rise to concern. In
my opinion there is a risk that future deaths will occur unless action is taken. In the
circumstances it is my statutory duty to report to you.

The MATTERS OF CONCERN are as follows. —

1.

Lack of bedside observation chart hinders rather than assists clinical
assessment of patients. This represents a real step- back in the provision of
patient care.

Lack of training at CUH in the nursing staff in relation to the existence of and
when to call the “site” or “critical outreach team”.

Problems with telephonic communications on the CUH site.

Problems with systems in place for the administration of blood at CUH.

Lack of escalation of clinical concerns from junior to senior staff at CUH, and in
particular that a patient could collapse, be seen by a junior from another treating

team and the patient’s own senior team not be promptly informed, as well lack of
escalation of clinical issues within the same team.

ACTION SHOULD BE TAKEN

In my opinion action should be taken to prevent future deaths and | believe you
[AND/OR your organisation] have the power to take such action.

YOUR RESPONSE

You are under a duty to respond to this report within 56 days of the date of this report. I,

the coroner, may extend the period.

Your response must contain details of action taken or proposed to be taken, setting out
the timetable for action. Otherwise you must explain why no action is proposed.

COPIES and PUBLICATION

| have sent a copy of my report to the Chief Coroner and to the following Interested
Persons :

Miles Scott

Chief Executive

St George’s Hospital
Blackshaw Rd
London SW17 0QT

| have also sent it to the following persons or organisations who may find it useful or of
interest:

Simon Stevens
Chief Executive
NHS England
PO Box 16738
Redditch

B97 9PT

lam also under a duty to send the Chief Coroner a copy of your response.

The Chief Coroner may publish either or both in a complete or redacted or summary
form. He may send a copy of this report to any person who he believes may find it useful
or of interest. You may make representations to me, the coroner, at the time of your
response, about the release or the publication of your response by the Chief Coroner.

28™ April 2016

ax

ee Ave
Dr Fiona J Wilcox
HM Senior Coroner
Inner West London
Westminster Coroner’s Court
65, Horseferry Road
London
SW1P 2ED

|

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