Prevention of Future Deaths reports · 2017

Ceriann Richards

Regulation 28 report to prevent future deaths, reference 2017-0041, written 1 Mar 2017. A coroner writes one of these when an inquest reveals a risk that could cause further deaths unless something changes.

Date of report1 Mar 2017
Reference2017-0041
DeceasedCeriann Richards
CoronerAndrew Barkley
Coroner areaSouth Wales Central
CategoryHospital Death (Clinical Procedures and medical management) related deaths
Sourcejudiciary.uk record · original PDF
Responses published2

The report

Text recovered by OCR from a scanned PDF. OCR is imperfect: check anything you rely on against the source PDF. Reproduced verbatim, including the scan's own layout.

ANNEX A

REGULATION 28: REPORT TO PREVENT FUTURE DEATHS (1)

NOTE: This form is to be used after an inquest

REGULATION 28 REPORT TO PREVENT FUTURE DEATHS
THIS REPORT IS BEING SENT TO:
1. Chief Executive of the Welsh Ambulance Service NHS Trust
2. Chief Executive of the Royal Gwent Hospital
3. Chief Executive of Neville Hall Hospital!
4, Minister of Health, Welsh Government
1 | CORONER
| am Andrew Barkley. Senior Coroner. for the coroner area of South Wales Central

2 | CORONER’S LEGAL POWERS

| make this report under paragraph 7, Schedule 5, of the Coroners and Justice Act 2009
and regulations 28 and 29 of the Coroners (Investigations) Regulations 2013

3. | INVESTIGATION and INQUEST

On the 17" August 2016 | commenced an investigation into the death of Ceriann
Richards. Investigation concluded at the end of the inquest on the 28" February 2017
The conclusion of the inquest was that of a “Narrative” conclusion which was Ceriann
Richards died from the effects of Venlafaxine Toxicity, bul the circumstances in which
she came to be affected by it, remains unclear

4 | CIRCUMSTANCES OF THE DEATH

The deceased was found by her husband acutely unwell and suffering fits al their home
address in the early hours of the 14" August 2016 The deceased’s husband
telephoned for an ambulance at 03 52 hrs on the 14" August and despite further contact
with the emergency services the first rapid response vehicle arrived on the scene at
06:21 hrs followed by an ambulance arriving at 06:52 hrs ~ a delay of 2% hours to be at
the patients side and 3 hours to convey the patient from the scene to an acute hospital
During the period of time between the initial call and the arrival of assistance the

deceased suffered 5 fits/seizures

Upon admission to hospital at the Prince Charles Hospital she passed away within
several hours being declared deceased at 10 10 hrs on the 14" August 2016

A subsequent post mortem examination revealed that she had toxic levels of prescribed
anti-depressant medication Venlafaxine in her post mortem blood at a concentration of
greater than 50mg per litre which was termed by the Toxicologist as being ‘very high
and consistent with a significant overdose of this drug. The generally accepted toxic
effects of this drug are usually noted in concentrations greater than 1 mg per litre and
associated with fatalities of greater than 7mg per litre

The evidence revealed that the delay in the ambulance arriving al the scene did not
cause or contribute to the death as the evidence showed that she was Itkely to have

5

| been suffering with the toxic effects of the drug prior to the ambulance being called
“CORONER’S CONCERNS

During the course of the inquest the evidence revealed matters giving rise to concern. In
my opinion there is a risk that future deaths will occur unless action is taken. In the
circumstances it is my statutory duty to report to you

The MATTERS OF CONCERN are as follows. —

[BRIEF SUMMARY OF MATTERS OF CONCERN}

(1) The delay tn an ambulance being despatched to the home address of the
deceased who was Clearly experiencing seizures/fits. The evidence showed
that the main reason for the delay was the significant hand over delays being
experienced at the 2 district general hospitals within the Aneurin Bevan
University Health Board Areas which on that day for the Royal Gwent Hospital
were of an average of 107 minutes up to a maximum of 279 minutes and for the
Neville Hall Hospital with an average delay of 43 minutes and the longest delay
of 93 minutes. The evidence revealed that the agreed “handover time” is 15
minutes. The evidence further revealed that since guidance was Issued in the
spring of 2016 in relation to the handover from ambulance crews to hospital staff
the position has worsened and in the order of 140 to 200 hours are lost each
day equating to 10 to 20 vehicles being off road for the whole day across the
Welsh Ambulance Trusts Area

ACTION SHOULD BE TAKEN

in my opinion action should be taken to prevent future deaths and | believe you and your
organisation have the power to take such action

YOUR RESPONSE

You are under a duty to respond to this report within 56 days of the date of this report,
th

namely by 25° April 2017. |, the coroner, may extend the period

Your response must contain details of action taken or proposed to be taken, setting out
the timetable for action. Otherwise you must explain why no action is proposed

| COPIES and PUBLICATION

| have sent a copy of my report to the Chief Coroner and the family who may find tt
useful or of interest

| am also under a duty to send the Chief Coroner a copy of your response

The Chief Coroner may publish either or both in a complete or redacted or summary

form. He may send a copy of this report to any person who he believes may find it useful

or of interest You may make representations to me, the coroner, at the time of your

response, about the release or the publication of your response by the Chief Coroner
“4 March 2017 SIGNED:

Mr Andrew Bandey
HM Senior Coroner

Responses

2 responses published against this report on judiciary.uk. A response is a body's written reply to the coroner's concerns; publication is at the discretion of the Chief Coroner's office, so an absent response does not mean nobody replied.

Response from University Health Board (PDF)
Q G IG Bwrdd lech
3 yd Prifysgol
ofGjm Aneurin Bevan
0 N HS University Health Board

Our ref: Direct Line: PF 20 April 2017

Mr Andrew Barkley
H M Senior Coroner
Rock Grounds

First Floor
Aberdare

CF44 7AE

Dear Mr Barkley
Re: Ceriann Richards (Deceased)

I write further to the receipt of the Regulation 28 Report in respect of the
Inquest heard into the death of the above named person.

The ability to release ambulance crews in order to respond to community calls
is Of paramount importance to the Health Board. We have taken a number of
steps to address these issues and have ongoing work at present, ‘Breaking the
Cycle’, which is focussing resources on processes to support the patient

journey.

As a Health Board we have implemented and reviewed a number of key
processes.

e An Urgent Care Board (UCB) has been established, and is the main driver
for our urgent and emergency care services pathway. The UCB is chaired
by an Executive Director and includes multi-disciplinary representation
from across the Health Board and partner organisation representatives.
The Urgent Care Board is dynamic, it agrees, sets and monitors shared
clinical and management action across the care system, providing
governance and assurance to the Board.

e A Standard Operating Procedure has been implemented which supports
bed management and site management teams in utilising all bed
capacity across both Nevill Hall Hospital (NHH) and Royal Gwent Hospital
(RGH) when ambulances are in danger of being held outside of our
Emergency Departments (ED). This protocol was adopted by the Health
Board’s Urgent Care Board and is part of the Health Board Escalation
Process, which was reviewed and re written in preparation for winter

2016/2017.

Pencadlys Head
quarters

Ysbyty Sant Cadog St Cadoc’s Hospital
Ffordd Y Lodj Lodge Road
Caerllion Caerleon
Casnewydd Newport
De Cymru NP18 3XQ South Wales NP18 3XQ
Ff6n: 01633 234234 Tel No: 01633 234234

Bwrdd lechyd Prifysgol Aneurin Bevan yw enw gweithredol Bwrdd lechyd Lleol Prifysgol Aneurin Bevan
Aneurin Bevan University Health Board is the operational name of Aneurin Bevan University Local Health Board

Mr Andrew Barkley 2 20 April 2017

e The Health Board has identified escalation protocols which are used to
guide ED staff in the operational procedures for receiving and off-loading
ambulances. These include a preparatory escalation when more than
three crews are on site and limited capacity exists to off load further
ambulances, predicted to arrive. This escalation is to the bed
management teams who are required to move patients from ED to the
available bed capacity with immediate effect.

e The Health Board has a Red Release Protocol for response to Welsh
Ambulance Services NHS Trust (WAST) when a crew is required to attend
a ‘Red’ call in the community. This protocol has been worked through
with WAST colleagues who meet with Health Board Operational Managers
each fortnight to discuss operational issues and address any concerns.

e The Health Board has a Winter Resilience Plan which is designed to
manage the peaks of demand and capacity through the winter period
when services are under significant pressure. This plan is shared with all
local stakeholders and partners to ensure the actions and initiatives
described within the plan are shared and agreed prior to implementation.
The Health Board has continually reviewed the plan on a month by
month basis at its Urgent Care Board. This has led to a number of
actions being reinforced since the implementation of the plan to ensure a
more robust response to ambulance handover pressures.

The following data clearly illustrates the impact that the escalation processes
and protocols have had on reducing ambulance hand over times and delays
>1hr at the Health Board this winter.

NOV-DEC JAN - MAR
AMBULANCE HOURS
7 LOST
__2016/17 1178 — 2014
2015/16 1183 3002
% CHANGE -1% -33%
AMBULANCE DELAYED
> 1HR
2016/17 412 739
2015/16 443 1133
% CHANGE -7% -35% _

Since 23 March 2017, Aneurin Bevan University Health Board has been
introducing ‘Breaking the Cycle’, an initiative which is looking at processes to
support flow within the acute hospitals, ie timely discharge, appropriate
placement and timely transfer of patients from the ED and MAU.

Mr Andrew Barkley 3 20 April 2017

This has seen the implementation of two transfer teams, one transferring out
of the wards and one transferring out of ED. Discharge facilitators have also
been introduced on each of the wards at RGH. There is work is commencing to
implement this model in NHH. Breaking the Cycle has led to improved patient
flow within the hospital, reduced congestion in our EDs and has led toa
consistent approach over seven days a week.

The actions implemented by the Health Board have been captured in the
attached action plan. Please be assured that these actions and their impact on
ambulance handover performance are monitored by the Health Board.

I do hope that this information and the action plan attached (developed in
partnership with WAST) give the assurance that we, as a Health Board, are
focussed on the patient flow and are actively working, in partnership, to reduce
ambulance delays in our Emergency Departments and Assessment Units, to
ensure that our citizens receive a timely appropriate response in the

community.
Yours sincerely

usurp

Judith Paget
Prif Weithredwr/Chief Executive
Response from Welsh Government (PDF)
Professor 
Dirprwy Brif Swyddog Meddygol  
Deputy Chief Medical Officer 

Eich cyf/ Your ref:AB/CE/ 

Andrew Barkley 
Senior Coroner 
South Wales Central Area 
Rock Grounds 
First Floor 
Aberdare 
CF44 7AE 

Dear Mr Barkley, 

24 April 2017 

Regulation 28 Report to Prevent Future Deaths – Ceriann Richards 

Thank you for your letter to the Minister for Social Services and Public Health regarding the 
regulation 28 report following your investigation into the death of Ceriann Richards. I am 
responding on behalf of the Minister. I would also ask that you please pass on our condolences 
to the family of Mrs Richards.  

You raised concerns regarding significant hand over delays within two district hospitals in the 
Aneurin Bevan University Health Board areas, resulting in the delay of an ambulance being 
dispatched. We recognise lengthy handover delays are clearly unacceptable as they can impact 
not only on the ambulance service’s ability to respond to subsequent calls in the community, but 
also on patient’s experience.  Handover delays are often symptomatic of pressures elsewhere 
within the unscheduled care system and should not be viewed in isolation which is why work is 
being undertaken nationally and locally to support improvements across the patient pathway 
through reducing inappropriate admissions to hospital, improving patient flow through the 
hospital system and enabling greater capacity in the community to support timely discharge. 

The Welsh Ambulance Services NHS Trust has made progress in limiting conveyance rates to 
hospital through the development of a five-step ambulance patient care pathway and focus on 
initiatives that help patients who have dialled ‘999’ to remain at home or to access a more 
appropriate service for their needs. This has included:  

 

the enhancement of its clinical desk, where paramedics and nurses provide secondary 
triage to patients who may be safely discharged over the telephone or advised to make 
their own way to hospital (known as ‘hear and treat’); 

  establishment of alternative pathways for a number of conditions;  
  a falls response service; and 
  a frequent callers project which has significantly reduced unnecessary call demand  

Parc Cathays, Caerdydd CF10 3NQ Cathays Park, Cardiff CF10 3NQ 

Ffon/Tel:  029 2082 3911   

Ebost/Email:PSChiefMedicalOfficer@wales.gsi.gov.uk                         

 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 The NHS Wales Ambulance Availability Protocol, published in March 2016 is also subject to 
review by the Emergency Ambulance Services Committee (EASC) in light of concern raised in 
relation to its effectiveness. 

The Welsh Ambulance Services NHS Trust (WAST) and local health boards have shared 
responsibility for ensuring the safe and timely handover of patients from ambulance crews to 
hospital teams and I expect health boards and WAST to continue to work together to reduce 
handover delays and to divert demand around the system during busy periods as well as 
improving patient flow through hospitals 

Yours sincerely 

PROFESSOR

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