Prevention of Future Deaths reports · 2017

Patricia Norfolk

Regulation 28 report to prevent future deaths, reference 2017-0438, written 5 Jul 2017. A coroner writes one of these when an inquest reveals a risk that could cause further deaths unless something changes.

Date of report5 Jul 2017
Reference2017-0438
DeceasedPatricia Norfolk
CoronerJulie Robertson
Coroner areaManchester North
CategoryHospital Death (Clinical Procedures and medical management) related deaths
Organisation namedPennine Acute Hospitals NHS Trust
Sourcejudiciary.uk record · original PDF
Responses publishednone published

The report

Text extracted from the PDF text layer. Reproduced verbatim, including the scan's own layout.

Dr Chris Brookes 
Chief Medical Officer  
   Trust Executive  
Salford Royal NHS Foundation Trust 
Stott Lane 
Salford 
 M6 8HD 
Telephone Number:  0161 206 4657 

STRICTLY PRIVATE AND CONFIDENTIAL 

Miss J Robertson 
Assistant Coroner for Greater Manchester North 
Coroner’s Service 
Phoenix Centre 
L/Cpl Stephen Shaw MC Way (formerly Church Street) 
Heywood 
OL10 1LL 
Dear Miss Robertson 

Re: Patricia Norfolk (Deceased) 

Response  to  Regulation  28:  Report  to  Prevent  Future  Deaths  to  Pennine  Acute 
Hospitals NHS Trust. 

Please find below the response of Pennine Acute Hospitals NHS Trust following the inquest 
into the death of Patricia Norfolk and the Regulation 28 Report which you issued on 5 July 
2017. 

Your concerns were set out in the Regulation 28 Report as follows: 

1.  That patients, such as the deceased, were not being receiving a daily senior clinician 
review.  I  have  been  appraised  of  the  developments  that  the  Trust  is  aspiring  to  in 
relation  to  senior  daily  reviews  and  decision  making  and  recognise  the  steps  the 
Trust  is  taking  to  recruit  appropriate  staff  to  undertake  such  reviews.  However,  I 
remain concerned regarding what happens to patients in the interim period pending 
recruitment and appointment. 

Response of Pennine Acute Hospitals NHS Trust 

Whilst  not  considered  as  contributory  to  Patricia  Norfolk’s  death,  the  necessity  for  daily 
senior  clinical  review  did  form  part  of  the  recommended  actions  to  be  taken  by  the  Trust 
following  its  Root  Cause  Analysis  (RCA).  As  outlined  in  the  directive  of  Professor  Makin 
(dated 15 March 2017), a paper on medical staffing in general and acute medicine within the 
Trust  was  prepared  with  a  view  to  improving  seven  day  standards  for  daily  senior  clinical 
review. This directive was provided to you under cover of a letter dated 15 March 2017.  

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Having  considered  the  content  of  the  letter  and  its  enclosures,  including  the  directive  of 
Professor  Makin,  you  subsequently  highlighted  that  no  corresponding  timescale  was 
attached to the stated aspiration of the Trust to deliver daily senior clinical decision making 
and sought further information. This information was provided within an email dated 26 May 
which provided you with a timescale for the implementation of improved daily senior clinical 
decision  making,  namely  following  the  completion  of  the  recruitment  process  of  two  new 
substantive consultant posts, estimated at that time to be September 2017. The precursor to 
these  posts  being  Trust  Board  agreement  to  the  paper  prepared  by  Professor  Makin  and 
provision of funding for the two new substantive posts. 

No acute Trusts in the country are in a position to deliver a seven day clinical review to all 
patients.  Adding  to  this  burden  is  the  significant  number  of  patients  who are  ‘medically 
optimised’, awaiting placement or packages of care. Recent figures for the Trust are in the 
region of 150 (or at least 5 wards). We also know that such patients decompensate because 
of the hospital environment.  

Ultimately  improved  medical  staffing  will  achieve  seven  day  clinical  review  albeit  the 
numbers  required  currently  will  be  lessened  with  improvement  in patient flow.  Recruitment 
into posts  is  on-going and  a  Diabetologist, a  Chest  Consultant  and a  Geriatrician  will  start 
this year, with further interviews planned. £10 million of funding for new consultant posts has 
been agreed by our Salford Group colleagues. 

To bridge the gap between the present situation and when medical staffing is optimised, the 
Trust has put in place a huge service improvement piece, led by Salford Royal, on the care 
of the deteriorating patient. It has involved entire ward teams & further details can be shared 
if  needed. We have  implemented the  National  Early Warning  Score as a  result  of  this and 
there has been training in recognition and escalation of the deteriorating patient.  

The  deteriorating  patient  collaborative  will  ensure  that  seven  day  clinical  review  will  be 
available to  those  patients  medically  requiring of it.  Mirroring  the  approach adopted  by  our 
Salford  Group  colleagues  during  their  successful  improvement  collaborative  in  2008,  a full 
cycle of learning as regard to the methodology of the change package will be completed in 
November 2017 following which a cohort of Innovation Wards will be selected to represent a 
range  of  divisions  and  specialities  across  the  organisation.  These  Innovation  Wards  will 
become  the  early  adopters  of  the  change  package  and  will  inform  as  to  its  spread  and 
sustainability which will in turn inform the Trust-wide roll out of the successful interventions.  

The  Trust  has  sought  to  address  your  concern  by  actively  progressing  the  recommended 
action as detailed at page 21 within the RCA in relation to daily senior clinical review. The 
improvement by way of improved medical staffing will be implemented in September 2017. 
As  stated  previously  the  Trust  is  not  unique  in  its  position  of  being  unable  to  deliver  this 
standard which is a well-known national problem. As identified within the paper prepared by 
Professor  Makin,  the driver for  improvement  in  this  regard  hinges  on  medical  staffing.  The 
Trust has confirmed that it has sought to recruit four new substantive consultant posts at the 
Royal Oldham Hospital site thus increasing capacity to deliver on seven day standards. The 
recruitment process of such posts has proceeded as quickly as practically possible.  

The Trust is therefore limited in its ability to respond to your Regulation 28 Preventing Future 
Deaths Report as it has previously provided you with the information relevant to the steps it 

 
 
 is  able  to  take  to  achieve  daily  senior  clinical  review.    This  is  an  issue  that  it  identified 
independently  and  has  progressed  in  the absence  of  your  Report.   Whilst  your  comments 
have been taken on board, decisions around the process by which the Trust addresses this 
concern are a matter for the Trust to consider.   

The Trust acknowledges that the action as per the RCA report for ‘all patients to receive a 
daily  senior  clinician  review’  was,  with  hindsight,  more  aspirational  than  realistically 
achievable due to circumstances outside its control, as detailed above.  This has been fed 
back to those responsible for the action plan, for reflection when considering future actions.  

By reference to the Chief Coroner’s Guidance No.5 (paragraph 5): 

“…reports should be intended to improve public health, welfare and safety… They should be 
clear, brief, focused, meaningful and, wherever possible, designed to have practical effect.” 

The use of your PFD Report has not had any meaningful practical effect on the improvement 
of public safety given the actions within the Trust’s power to take have already been taken 
and communicated to you in advance of you issuing your PFD Report. Furthermore, the PFD 
Report’s  practical  effect  is  questionable  given  the  date  for  the  Trust’s  response  loosely 
coincides  with  the  date  originally  envisaged  for  the  implementation  of  improved  medical 
staffing. 

By reference to paragraph 7 (1), Schedule 5 Coroners and Justice Act 2009 you must send 
your report to: 

“A person who the coroner believes may have power to take such action”  

Whilst  the  Trust has  taken  steps to address  this within  its  locality, as  previously  indicated, 
this  is  a  national  issue  and  consequently  any  steps  to  address  your  concern  as  to  daily 
senior  clinical  review  in  the  absence  of  recruitment  such  as  that  undertaken  by  the  Trust 
would more appropriately addressed to The Rt Hon Jeremy Hunt MP, Secretary of State for 
Health. 

I hope that this response provides assurance to you and Mrs Norfolk’s family that Pennine 
Acute Hospitals NHS Trust has worked hard and continues to focus on ensuring that lessons 
have been learned and improvements have been made. 

Please do not hesitate to contact me if you require any further information in relation to our 
response. 

Yours sincerely 

Dr Christopher Brookes 
Chief Medical Officer
Also filed under 2017-0438: Patricia-Norfolk-2017-0438.pdf
REGULATION 28: REPORT TO PREVENT FUTURE DEATHS (1)
REGULATION 28 REPORT TO PREVENT FUTURE DEATHS
THIS REPORT IS BEING SENT TO:
1. Chief Executive of Pennine Acute NHS Trust
CORONER
I am Julie Robertson, Assistant Coroner for the Coroner area of Manchester North
2 CORONER’S LEGAL POWERS
I make this report under paragraph 7, Schedule 5, of the Coroner’s and Justice Act 2009 and Regulations 28
and 29 of the Coroners (Investigations) Regulations 2013
3 INVESTIGATION and INQUEST
On the 1 June 2016 I commenced an investigation into the death of Patricia Norfolk. An inquest was
held and concluded on 8 March 2017.
4 CIRCUMSTANCES OF DEATH
The deceased was admitted to Royal Oldham Hospital on 13 May 2016 following discovery of a fractured
neck of femur. The deceased had 2 unwitnessed falls in March 2016 and she attended Royal Oldham
Hospital on 18 March 2016. However, the fracture was not discovered until 2 months later in the absence of
X-ray investigation on presentation to Royal Oldham Hospital in March 2016. The deceased developed an
infection following surgery and she continued to deteriorate despite appropriate medical intervention. She
died from bronchopneumonia following discharge from the hospital to Braeside Care Home. Fact of death
was confirmed at 20:30 pm on 27 May 2016
My conclusion at inquest was that the deceased died from a recognised complication of necessary medical
intervention.
5 CORONER’S CONCERNS
During the course of the inquest the evidence revealed matters giving rise to concern. In my opinion there is
a risk that future deaths will occur unless action is taken. In the circumstances it is my statutory duty to
report to you.
The MATTERS OF CONCERN are as follows:-
That patients, such as the deceased, were not being receiving a daily senior clinician review. I
have been appraised of the developments that the Trust is aspiring to in relation to senior daily
reviews and decision making and recognise the steps the Trust is taking to recruit appropriate staff
to undertake such reviews. However, I remain concerned regarding what happens to patients in the
interim period pending recruitment and appointment.
6 ACTION SHOULD BE TAKEN
In my opinion action should be taken to prevent future deaths and I believe each of you respectively
have the power to take such action.
7 YOUR RESPONSE
You are under a duty to respond to this report within 56 days of the date of this report, namely 30 August
2017. I, the Coroner, may extend the period.
Your response must contain details of action taken or proposed to be taken, setting out the timetable for
action. Otherwise you must explain why no action is proposed.
8 COPIES and PUBLICATION
I have sent a copy of my report to the Chief Coroner and to the following Interested Persons namely:
Family of the deceased,
Chief Coroner
I am also under a duty to send the Chief Coroner a copy of your response.
The Chief Coroner may publish either or both in a complete or redacted or summary from. He may send a
copy of this report to any person who he believes may find it useful or of interest. You may make
representations to me the coroner at the time of your response, about the release or the publication of your
response by the Chief Coroner.
g Date: ‘S 1-- 2 ( Signed:
—

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