Prevention of Future Deaths reports · 2019

Kerry Hunter

Regulation 28 report to prevent future deaths, reference 2019-0137, written 23 Apr 2019. A coroner writes one of these when an inquest reveals a risk that could cause further deaths unless something changes.

Date of report23 Apr 2019
Reference2019-0137
DeceasedKerry Hunter
CoronerNigel Parsley
Coroner areaSuffolk
CategoryHospital Death (Clinical Procedures and medical management) related deaths
Organisation namedNorfolk and Suffolk NHS Foundation Trust
Sourcejudiciary.uk record · original PDF
Responses published2

The report

Text extracted from the PDF text layer. Reproduced verbatim, including the scan's own layout.

REGULATION 28: REPORT TO PREVENT FUTURE DEATHS (1)

REGULATION 28 REPORT TO PREVENT FUTURE DEATHS

THIS REPORT IS BEING SENT TO:

Chief Executive, Norfolk and Suffolk NHS Foundation Trust,

1

CORONER

I am Nigel Parsley, Senior Coroner, for the coroner area of Suffolk.

2

CORONER’S LEGAL POWERS

I make this report under paragraph 7, Schedule 5, of the Coroners and Justice Act
2009 and Regulations 28 and 29 of the Coroners (Investigations) Regulations 2013.

3

INVESTIGATION and INQUEST

On 10th May 2016 I commenced an investigation into the death of Kerry Hunter

The investigation concluded at the end of the inquest on 4th April 2019. The
conclusion of the inquest was that of;

Suicide

The medical cause of death was confirmed as:

1(a) Bronchopneumonia.
1(b) Hypoxic brain injury.
1(c) Insulin overdose.

4

CIRCUMSTANCES OF THE DEATH

Kerry Hunter died as the result of an overdose of insulin medication she administered
to herself on the 9th April 2016.

Kerry was found unconscious at her home address by her father and transported to
the Ipswich Hospital, Heath Road, Ipswich where she deteriorated over a period of
time. She tragically passed away at the Ipswich Hospital at 04.30 on the 1st May
2016.

Kerry had a significant history of previous suicide attempts and for a long period of
time was receiving treatment from the Norfolk and Suffolk Foundation Trust.

Kerry was diagnosed as having Borderline Personality Disorder and her most recent
suicide attempt occurred on the 31st March 2016 nine days prior to being found
unconscious at her home.

Prior to her death Kerry had requested a specific form of treatment for her Borderline
Personality Disorder called Dialectic Behavioural Therapy.

Although, this treatment was available and Kerry would have been a suitable
candidate, this was not recognised at the time and therefore the treatment was not
provided by the Norfolk and Suffolk Foundation Trust.

Whether or not the provision of Dialectic Behavioural Therapy would have prevented
Kerry’s death could not be established on the available evidence.

5

CORONER’S CONCERNS

During the course of the inquest the evidence revealed matters giving rise to concern.

 In my opinion there is a risk that future deaths could occur unless action is taken. In
the circumstances it is my statutory duty to report to you;

the MATTERS OF CONCERN as follows:-

It was heard in evidence that since Kerry’s death the Norfolk and Suffolk Foundation
Trust have conducted a review of their treatment provision for individuals suffering
from Borderline Personality Disorder (BPD).

As a result of this review the Norfolk and Suffolk Foundation Trust are planning to
move the Borderline Personality Disorder Service treatment in-house rather than
using external providers and will provide Dialectic Behavioural Therapy

This change is currently in the planning stage and at the hearing I formally requested
an update when these plans are put into practice. The update is to include details the
new policies and procedures in place regarding clarity of communication of
information given to those suffering with BPD, the training and development of
Norfolk and Suffolk Foundation Trust staff in relation to BPD and the undertaking of
formal risk assessment and the completion to the requisite documentation in cases of
those suffering with BPD.

During the hearing itself evidence was heard from an expert witness

) about one of the facets of those suffering from BPD which was not

addressed by the NSFT plans.

Under the proposed new system, in order to access the Norfolk and Suffolk
Foundation Trust Borderline Personality Disorder service, those suffering from the
condition would have to agree to be transferred for treatment under the Norfolk and
Suffolk Foundation Trust Integrated Delivery Team for onward referral to the new
bespoke service.

However,
explained that the majority of individuals with a diagnosis
with BPD will have had significant previous contact with their mental health service
providers.

Kerry herself, had had significant history of previous treatments over a number of
years (including Cognitive Behavioural Therapy, Cognitive Analytical Therapy, anti-
depression medication and anti-psychotic medication), none of which had proved
effective.

confirmed that none of these treatments would have been likely to

have had a positive therapeutic effect, which in itself would compound the nature of
BPD itself.

explained that the cycle of being offered ineffective treatment would

enhance the loss of hope and optimism which is a feature of BPD. Another facet of
BPD was often an avoidant personality making sufferers unwilling or unable to
engage with new individuals or teams.

This being the case, I am concerned that the proposed requirement in the Norfolk and
Suffolk Foundation Trust plan (which will require a BPD suffer to agree to a transfer to
an Integrated Delivery Team before being placed onto the new service) may prevent
some patients gaining the access to the treatment they clearly need.

6

ACTION SHOULD BE TAKEN

In my opinion action should be taken to prevent future deaths and I believe you or
your organisation have the power to take such action.

7

YOUR RESPONSE

 You are under a duty to respond to this report within 56 days of the date of this report,
namely by 20th June 2019. I, the Senior Coroner, may extend the period if I consider it
reasonable to do so.

Your response must contain details of action taken or proposed to be taken, setting
out the timetable for action. Otherwise you must explain why no action is proposed.

8

COPIES and PUBLICATION

I have sent a copy of my report to the Chief Coroner and to the following Interested
Person,

I am under a duty to send the Chief Coroner a copy of your response.

The Chief Coroner may publish either or both in a complete or redacted or summary
form. He may send a copy of this report to any person who he believes may find it
useful or of interest. You may make representations to me, the Senior Coroner, at the
time of your response, about the release or the publication of your response by the
Chief Coroner.

9

25th April 2019

Nigel Parsley

Responses

2 responses published against this report on judiciary.uk. A response is a body's written reply to the coroner's concerns; publication is at the discretion of the Chief Coroner's office, so an absent response does not mean nobody replied.

Response from Norfolk and Suffolk NHS Trust (PDF)
Our Ref: JW/ML 

Private and Confidential 
Mr Nigel Parsley 
Senior Coroner for Suffolk 
The Coroners Court and offices 
Beacon House 
Whitehouse Road 
Ipswich 
IP1 5PB 

Dear Mr Parsley 

Re: Ms Kerry Hunter 

Trust Management 
1st Floor Admin 
Hellesdon Hospital 
Drayton High Road 
Hellesdon 
Norwich 
NR6 5BE 

25 June 2019 

I write in response to your prevention of future deaths report dated 25 April 2019 following the 
conclusion of the inquest into the death of Ms Kerry Hunter. I know you will share a copy of this 
response with Kerry’s family and I would like to express my condolences for their loss. Kerry’s death is 
a tragedy and it is essential the Trust takes all opportunity to learn. 

The report referenced the work the Trust is doing to develop the treatment provided to those who suffer 
from a personality disorder. It noted the evidence provided at the inquest that people eligible for this 
treatment would be required to transfer to the Trust’s Integrated Delivery Team in order to be referred 
to this service. 

Currently care for people with personality disorder is provided by the Trust’s community mental health 
teams and integrated delivery teams, where clinical psychologists either carry out therapy directly or 
supervise care coordinators. Some psychologists are trained in Dialectical Behaviour Therapy (DBT) 
methods but there are no teams that operate as a full DBT model. When a full DBT package of 
treatment is required, service users are referred to independent or external NHS services funded by 
Clinical Commissioning Groups. There is an independent sector unit in Norfolk and others around the 
country. There are no specific outpatient external/private DBT providers.    

The plan for the new Personality Disorder Service involves eight elements: 

1.  Clinically-led personality disorder leadership team supporting a change in culture and clinical 

practice at a senior level modelling consistency, accountability and leadership. 

2.  Improved access and assessment that involves a needs-based screening process which works 

alongside diagnostic criteria to ensure people access the part of the pathway which will deliver the 
most benefit and prevent unnecessary admissions to hospital. 

3.  Specialist personality disorder therapy teams comprising nurses, psychologists, psychiatrists, 

occupational therapists and social workers within local teams, delivering targeted interventions to 
those with the most complex needs and providing advice & consultation to their colleagues and the 
wider system. 

4.   A breadth of training ranging from Knowledge and Understanding Framework (KUF) training for all   

staff, through to full Dialectical Behaviour Therapy training for the specialist teams. 

Chair: Marie Gabriel CBE Chief Executive: Professor Jonathan Warren 
Trust Headquarters: Hellesdon Hospital, Drayton High Road, Norwich NR6 5BE 
Tel: 01603 421421  Fax: 01603 421341  www.nsft.nhs.uk 

 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
 
 5.  72 hour inpatient protocol providing purposeful, formulation-driven, recovery-focused care packages 
concentrated on self-regulation and discharge. Linked to the screening process in order to ensure 
only those with a need access this level of intervention. 

6.  Needs-based interventions involving a framework of delivery that works with diagnosis to enable 
better management of people with personality disorder in standard community and inpatient 
pathways.  

7.  Crisis support through integrated working with local crisis teams and crisis cafes/hubs to deliver the 
needs-based model including personality disorder-specific training. Supporting teams with positive 
care planning to better support people in the community and improve their health outcomes. 

8.  Peer Support Workers to model hope and recovery, providing a vital link between statutory and third 
sector services and supporting the individual throughout the pathway with a focus on life beyond 
service engagement. 

The strategy has started with the recruitment into the post of personality disorder strategy lead, who will 
be supported by an implementation team covering the next twelve months. 

Where someone with a complex presentation is seeking recovery, they will be encouraged to engage 
with the specialist personality disorder therapy teams because of their enhanced skills and knowledge. 
However, it is recognised that people will have contact with other services that the Trust provides. This 
includes our acute hospital liaison services and Wellbeing service. We are clear, in line with national 
guidance and best practice, that the presentation or diagnosis of a personality disorder is not a 
diagnosis of exclusion which is why training will be aimed at all staff and access available to specialist 
advice. These services will continue to be available based upon the presenting needs of the service 
user. 

As we implement the service we will have regular review points to assess the impact both in terms of 
outcomes but also in respect of areas such as the access route. This will help inform adjustments in 
order to provide an effective service. 

Thank you for providing this report to the Trust.  

Yours sincerely 

Jonathan Warren 
Chief Executive
Response from Norfolk and Suffolk NHS Foundation Trust (PDF)
Private and Confidential 
Mr Nigel Parsley  
Senior Coroner for Suffolk  
The Coroners Court and offices  
Beacon House  
Whitehouse Road  
Ipswich  
IP1 5PB 

Dear Mr Parsley, 

NSFT Trust Management 
Norfolk and Suffolk Foundation Trust 
County Hall 
Martineau Lane 
Norwich 
NR1 2DH 

29 January 2024 

I write to update in respect of the Prevention of Future Deaths (PFD) report made in the case of Kerry 
Hunter in April 2019. 

I have discussed this with our Trust lead for personality disorder and complex needs who has provided the 
updates below. 

In response to the initial PFD questions:  

“Details of new policies and procedures of clarity of information given to people with BPD” 

Through service user involvement, we are co-producing as much of our patient-facing information about our 
pathways and interventions as possible. We have “Working Together Groups” and other avenues for 
gaining service user feedback and ideas around unmet needs, service improvement, information and 
policies. We are currently reviewing our personality disorders and complex emotional need (PD/CEN) 
strategy for release in April 2024 after service user and carer consultation. There is also a system-wide 
“Pathway Integration Meeting” in place which any provider can attend which improves system knowledge 
about what support and intervention is available in different provider organisations.  

“Training and development of staff in NSFT in relation to BPD” 
The trust continues to roll out a comprehensive training programme for NSFT staff in relation to PD/CEN. 
The main training for staff is our Knowledge and Understanding Framework, which is entirely co-produced 
and co-delivered.  We also have a two-day dialectical behaviour therapy (DBT) skills course which any 
member of staff can attend.   

Trust HQ: County Hall, Martineau Lane, Norwich, NR1 2DH 
Web: www.nsft.nhs.uk 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 - 2 - 

Numbers trained to 
date 

22 
145 
13 
999 
471 
195 
9 
345 
18 

Course 
Crisis Plus 
DBT Practitioner level 
MBT Practitioner 
DBT skills level 
ADDRESS 
MBT skills 
SCM basic 
KUF 
Carers for PD Awareness 

In addition, staff in CFYP, Adult and Older Adult services have been able to train in evidence-based 
therapies like Mentalisation-Based Therapy (MBT) and Dialectical Behaviour Therapy (DBT).  This has 
been supported by CCG funding and latterly by NHSE funding.  As a result, most clinical areas for working 
age adults and youth have a full programme of at least one evidence-based therapy, and a tiered approach 
depending on severity and complexity. We are currently developing a specific offer for older adults with 
complex emotional need, supported by specific training.  

“Formal risk assessment and completion of requisite documentation in cases of people with BPD” 
We deliver STORM skills training (self harm and suicide prevention training) as our main training on risk 
and safety planning for clinical staff. This was piloted in Suffolk CFYP and is now being rolled out trust 
wide. Like other trusts, in response to national guidance, we are moving away from actuarial approaches to 
risk and instead focus on collaborative risk formulation and safety planning.  STORM training includes 
specific training on safety planning, and our Dialog+ care planning tool is used to collaboratively create a 
safety plan for every adult and working age adult under our care.  Our Youth teams have formed their own 
safety planning documentation which is co-produced with our young service users. Every service user will 
receive a co-produced safety plan.  

Concern around stepping up and down: In the PFD in relation to Kerry Hunter, it was stated that 
“those with BPD would have to agree to be transferred for treatment from the Integrated Delivery 
Team to the new service and it was noted by the expert witness, 
 that many 
service users will have had significant previous contact with mental health services”.  
We have upskilled and increased the staffing resource within community teams so that service users now 
have improved to access evidence-based treatment. This means that service users do not have to be 
referred on to a specialist service or face transitions of care in order to access specialist treatment.  Where 
teams have not been able to support a full programme of an evidence-based therapy (like DBT), there are 
partial programmes in place. Within primary care, we are supporting our Mental Health Practitioners 
(MHPs) to offer evidence-informed approaches, and we are working to expand the availability of 
psychological therapy to close the gap between primary and secondary care.   We recognise that 
transitions of care can be difficult for our service users, and seek to have a “no wrong door” approach 
across the system, so that service users can access the right care, wherever they initially present. 

Modifications for ASD/ neurodevelopmental presentations with respect to therapies like CBT   : 
Service users with comorbid ASD and Personality Disorder need adjustments of the standard intervention 
protocols we use.  We are recruiting to one specialist post to provide for people with these comorbidities in 
South and West Norfolk, and we have set up a working group in psychology to guide us as to evidence and 

Trust HQ: County Hall, Martineau Lane, Norwich, NR1 2DH 
Web: www.nsft.nhs.uk                                  

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 - 3 - 

best practice in relation to modifying our therapeutic offer. This comorbidity will be recognised as an area of 
increased focus within our revised PD/CEN strategy.  

I hope that this information offers you reassurance on the areas raised. 

Yours sincerely 

Deputy Chief Executive & Chief People Officer  

Trust HQ: County Hall, Martineau Lane, Norwich, NR1 2DH 
Web: www.nsft.nhs.uk

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