Prevention of Future Deaths reports · 2019

John Wright

Regulation 28 report to prevent future deaths, reference 2019-0175, written 21 Mar 2019. A coroner writes one of these when an inquest reveals a risk that could cause further deaths unless something changes.

Date of report21 Mar 2019
Reference2019-0175
DeceasedJohn Wright
CoronerDarren Salter
Coroner areaOxfordshire
CategoryState Custody related deaths
Sourcejudiciary.uk record · original PDF
Responses published2

The report

Text recovered by OCR from a scanned PDF. OCR is imperfect: check anything you rely on against the source PDF. Reproduced verbatim, including the scan's own layout.

REGULATION 28 REPORT TO PREVENT FUTURE DEATHS
THIS REPORT IS BEING SENT TO:

1. Mr Michael Spurr, HM Prison and Probation Service,
102 Petty France, London, SW1H 9AJ

2. Mr Jim Easton, Chief Executive Officer, Healthcare, Care UK,
Hawker House, 5-6 Napier Court, Napier Road, Reading, Berks,
RG1 8BW

CORONER

lam Mr D M Salter, HM Senior Coroner for Oxfordshire.

CORONER’S LEGAL POWERS

| make this report under paragraph 7, Schedule 5, of the Coroners and Justice
Act 2009 and Regulations 28 and 29 of the Coroners (Investigations) Regulations
2013.

INVESTIGATION AND INQUEST

At Oxford Coroner's Court on 26, 27 and 28 February 2019 | conducted the
inquest into the death of John Wright at HMP Bullingdon. The Jury returned a
Narrative Conclusion as follows:

‘ohn Wright was found at 23.45 on 14 December 2017 in cell 114 unresponsive with
an electrical cord as a ligature around his neck. The cord was suspended over the head
of the bed and brackets on the left-hand wail of the cell. John Wright’s life was
pronounced extinct at 00.58 on 15 December by the South Central Ambulance Service.
Cause of Death, declared by the Pathologist to be ‘Compression of the neck consistent
with suspension’.

Based on the evidence presented we, the Jury, believe that it was Mr Wright’s intention
to end his life that evening by deliberately placing a ligature around his neck.

We, the Jury, believe that the opportunity for Mr Wright to end his life was afforded
by the decision to downgrade the level of observation from constant watch pre-arrival
at HMP Bullingdon to twice hourly in the Healthcare wing for the first night.

The decision to downgrade the level of observation taken by the Duty Governor, The
Senior Prison Officer and the Healthcare representative was taken based on how Mr
Wright presented during screening without due consideration to the information
provided in the PER and accompanying SASH form.

This decision taken was further compounded by inconsistencies and inadequacies in
the systems and processes for sharing important and pertinent information at the
appropriate time and to relevant parties. Being in possession of all the information
available would have assisted the staff in their decision making around the level of
observation required.’

HMP Bullingdon/Ministry of Justice were legally represented at inquest. In addition
to family, other ‘Interested Persons’ included the main health care provider, Care
UK, and also Midland Partnership NHS Trust to whom the secondary mental health
provision is sub-contracted. Evidence was collated prior to inquest and a copy of
the inquest file was provided to the Government Legal Service. For this reason, |
am not providing you with a full copy of the inquest file, but | anticipate it would be
helpful for you to have a copy of wi at were obtained from
= (Prison Governor) te of Healthcare at HMP
Bullingdon). The statements contain evidence concerning various
recommendations made by the PPO/Clinical Review and Care Uk’s internal
investigation.

lam also sending this letter to Care UK because, largely speaking, the issues which
| raise apply to both organisations.

CIRCUMSTANCES OF THE DEATH

’ idnight on Thursday
nadon Prison in cell 114 in the healthcare
ni. He was found partially suspended with an electrical cable from a bed.

He

d with murder’ young woman.

was due to return to court on Friday 15 December. re had expressed suicidal
thoughis and had been on constant waich at the ion and at court and
when being transported frorn the court to HMP Bullingdon. [t was his first time in

orison.

For juriher circumstances relating to Mr Wright’s deain | refer you to the Jury's
~

Narrative Conclusion above.

CORONER’S CONCERNS

During the course of the Inquest the evidence revealed matters giving rise to
concerns. In my opinion there is a risk that future deaths will occur unless
action is taken.

In the circumstances it is my STATUTORY DUTY to make this report to you.

It is reassuring however to see that significant measures have been put in place
following this incident and an action plan has been formulated to comply with
recommendations. For this reason, | am restricting my Regulation 28/Prevention
of Future Death Report to relatively narrow issues which | do not believe are
adequately addressed elsewhere.

The MATTERS OF CONCERN are in relation to the following:

1. The first concern which | raise applies to both the prison and healthcare
and relates to the receipt of information by the prison and/or healthcare
about a heightened risk of self-harm/suicide for a prisoner who has yet to
artive at prison. | heard evidence that it is not uncommon for outside
agencies to pass on concerns, and, for example, copies of relevant mental
health assessments, in anticipation of the prisoner arriving at the prison in
a state of heightened risk requiring help and assessment. | also heard
evidence that the software system operated by healthcare (System One)
does not enable healthcare staff to make entries prior to the prisoner being
received at reception and a prison officer opening a record on the computer

and allocating a prisoner number. This being the case, | understand that
the practice has been to email or print a hard copy of the document and
take it to reception. In this case, a mental health nurse who was part of the
secondary mental health team received a report about heightened risk and
telephoned the nurse in reception to pass on details. The secondary mental
health nurse said in evidence she would normally take a hard copy of the
mental health assessment that she received and place it in a tray in
reception. There was an alternative of emailing, but this was not considered
the best way to bring it to the attention of the relevant healthcare staff in
reception.

Of course, information about an incoming prisoner, who is assessed at high
tisk of suicide, is precisely the sort of important information which should
not be allowed to fall through any gaps. Itis high priority. An outside person
or agency has considered it necessary to bring the matter to the attention
of the prison or health care.

| understand that Care UK have set up a generic email address for
healthcare staff in reception which may assist. Clearly, this still relies on
healthcare staff checking to see if any such emails have been received. |
appreciate that it is very busy in reception in the late afternoon/early
evening.

| will also be copying this report to Midland Partnership NHS Foundation
Trust to request their response in relation to this matter.

There is a related concern about the availability and sharing of such
information or documentation amongst prison or health care staff in
reception. From the evidence [ heard at inquest, it appeared to me that the
system for ensuring the staff in reception have access to all available
information is in need of improvement. The senior prison officer in this case
did not have all relevant information and she said that, if she had, there may
have potentially been a different decision (| understand her to mean that Mr
Wright may have remained on constant cell watch). | understand the
Governor has created a position of ‘Head of Early Days’ and a system is in
place to improve the process of documentation so that it follows the
prisoner.

The second matter | wish to raise, also to the prison and healthcare, is in
relation to the level of observations. | heard evidence that this is often a
joint responsibility held by the prison and healthcare. In this case, Mr Wright
had been on constant watch, but a decision was taken during the reception
process to step down to twice hourly observations. Given that staff may
not have access to all available information in those first few hours, and the
fact that there will not have been an opportunity for a prisoner to be
observed over a significant period of time, and the fact that a more detailed
assessment will not have taken place yet, there should in my view be some
guidance to staff when reducing observations from constant watch.

| note that the Prison and Probation Ombudsman stated at the beginning of
her report that ........ ‘Mr Wright had been under constant watch by police
and court staff because he said he wanted to take his life at the earliest
opportunity. Although prison staff started suicide and self-harm prevention
procedures when Mr Wright arrived at Bullingdon, they reduced the level of
observations from constant to twice an hour. In my view, this decision was
misjudged and taken far too quickly, without a proper assessment of Mr
Wright's risk.’

| appreciate there is a great deal of responsibility on prison and healthcare
staff when making assessments. Much depends on how they assess the
prisoner in front of them. It may be appropriate to reduce a newly arrived
prisoner from constant cell watch to less frequent observations on
occasions. The concern which | raise relates to such decisions being made
in reception and | enquire if there should be some guidance available to
assist staff in their decision-making process? For example, should such a
decision be postponed until a further assessment has been carried out the
following day?

| realise that this issue is not straightforward and there are significant
resource implications in keeping a prisoner under constant watch.

ACTION SHOULD BE TAKEN

In my opinion action should be taken to prevent future deaths and | believe you
have the power to take such action.

YOUR RESPONSE

You are under a duty to respond to this report within 56 days of the date of this
report. | may extend the period on request.

Your response must contain details of action taken or proposed to be taken, setting
out the timetable for action. Otherwise you must explain why no action is proposed.

COPIES and PUBLICATION

| confirm that a copy of this report and your response will be sent to Mr Wright’s
family.

The Chief Coroner may publish either or both in a complete or redacted or summary
form. He may send a copy of this report to any person who he believes may find it
useful or of interest. You may make representations to me, the coroner, at the time
of your response, about the release or the publication of your response by the Chief
Coroner.

Signed Date

GA Met. to i4

‘I. Salte
HM Senior Coroner for Oxfordshire

Responses

2 responses published against this report on judiciary.uk. A response is a body's written reply to the coroner's concerns; publication is at the discretion of the Chief Coroner's office, so an absent response does not mean nobody replied.

Response from Care UK (PDF)
HMP Bullingdon 
Patrick Haugh Road 
Arncott 
Bicester 
Oxfordshire 
OX25 1PZ 

Tel: 01869 353348 

Cuk.bullingdonhealthcare@nhs.net 
careuk.com 

HM Senior Coroner, Mr Darren Salter 
The Oxfordshire Coroner’s Office 
Second Floor 
1 Tidmarsh lane 
Oxford  
OX1 1NS 

16 May 2019 

Dear Sir 

Regulation 28 – Prevention of Future Death Report: Mr John Wright- HMP Bullingdon 

I am writing in response to the Regulation 28 report which you issued following the inquest 
touching on the death of Mr John Wright, a prisoner at HMP Bullingdon. 

Care UK would like to express its sincere condolences to Mr Wright’s family and friends.  

In your report you raised 2 issues of concern, both of which are addressed to Care UK, in its 
capacity a healthcare provider and to Her Majesty’s Prisons and Probation Service who will 
respond separately to the concerns raised.  

Concern 1 

The first concern which I raise applies to both the prison and healthcare and relates to 
the receipt of information by the prison and /or healthcare about a heightened risk of 
self-harm/suicide for a prisoner who has yet to arrive at prison. I heard evidence that it 
is not uncommon for outside agencies to pass on concerns and for example, copies of 
relevant mental health assessments, in anticipation of the prisoner arriving at the 
prison in a state of heightening risk requiring help and assessment. I also heard 
evidence that the software system operated by healthcare (SystmOne) does not enable 
healthcare staff to make entries prior to the prisoner being received at reception and a 
prison officer opening a record on the computer and allocating a prison number. This 
being the case, I understand that the practice has been to email or print hard copy of 
the document and take it to reception. Of course information about an incoming 
prisoner, who is assessed at high risk of suicide, is precisely the sort of information 
which should not be allowed to fall through any gaps. It is high priority. An outside 
person or agency has considered it necessary to bring the matter to the attention of the 
prison or healthcare. 

I understand Care UK have set up a generic email address for healthcare staff in 
reception which may assist. Clearly this still relies on healthcare staff checking to see if 
emails have been received. 

Response 
Care UK is the prime provider of health services at HMP Bullingdon.  Part of this service 
includes the screening of all new receptions into the prison.  Care UK uses SystmOne which is 

Care UK Ltd. Registered in England No 1668247 
Registered Office: Connaught House, 850 The Crescent, Colchester Business Park, Colchester, Essex CO4 9QB 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 an electronical clinical record system which is recommended by NHS England. A copy of your 
letter and our response will be shared with NHS England.  

It is acknowledged that there is a flow of information between Liaison and Diversion Services 
and Mental Health Services and on this occasion it could have been improved.  To this end 
further work has been undertaken to ensure that the communication pathways with external 
partners have been strengthened.  

A new process flow has been developed in partnership with the Liaison and Diversion team 
which specifies how to contact and share risk and special care needs information of patients 
from Police Custody (Via Court) to HMP Bullingdon Healthcare in Reception. The new 
process provides a direct telephone number to the Reception nurse from 08.00 to 20.45 
Monday to Friday and 08.00-17.00 on Saturdays. The process flow now advises if there is no 
answer via telephone, the Reception nurse should be contacted via the prison 
communications room who will contact the nurse via their prison radio. Outside of these times 
detailed above, the prison communications team can contact the senior nurse on duty.  

This phone call alerts the Reception nurse that a report or information is being emailed to a 
new secure NHS email account which Healthcare at HMP Bullingdon have set up and 
circulated to all reception staff. The content of the email will be accessed after the telephone 
call alerting the Reception nurse to its existence. The Reception nurse will reply to the email to 
acknowledge receipt of the email.  To further support this process, healthcare administration 
staff will routinely check the inbox during core daytime hours of 9am to 5pm and will alert 
Reception staff to all emails received. . 

All staff, including agency staff, who work in Reception have been provided with an nhs.net 
email account to securely access the risk information in the email. In agreement with the 
Liaison and Diversion service this new system went live on 25th April 2019. The requirement 
of a prompt made via telephone which is clearly outlined in the new process flowchart, will 
provide assurance to Liaison and Diversion services that their information has been effectively 
communicated and received by Reception staff.  A copy of the process is attached. 

With a view to enhancing working relationships with external agencies, Care UK is working 
with NHS England and has identified the healthcare providers in police custody suites and the 
Liaison and Diversion services, that feed into HMP Bullingdon to propose setting up quarterly 
telephone conference calls to highlight good practice and identify emerging concerns or issues 
that may impact on partnership working.  Additionally, Care UK has also offered Liaison and 
Diversion service staff an opportunity to visit the healthcare department and Reception at 
HMP Bullingdon to further develop an understanding of the respective work environments. 

Concern 2 

The second matter I wish to raise also to the prison and healthcare is in relation to the 
level of observations. I heard evidence that this is often a joint responsibility held by 
the prison and healthcare. In this case Mr Wright had been on constant watch, but a 
decision was taken during the reception process to step down to twice hourly 
observations. Given that staff may not have access to all available information in those 
first few hours, and the fact there will not have been an opportunity for a prisoner to be 
observed over a significant period of time, and the fact that a more detailed assessment 

Page 2 of 3 

 
 
 will not have taken place yet, there should in my view be some guidance for staff when 
reducing observations from constant watch. 

Response  

Care  UK  recognises  that  early  identification  of  risk  factors  and  effective  management  of 
prisoners  in  relation  to  self-harm  is  imperative  in  addressing  the  rising  incidence  of  suicide. 
Care  UK  are  committed  to  training  all  staff  in  Suicide  and  Self  Harm  awareness  training 
(SASH)  and  wherever  possible,  participating  in  multi-disciplinary  assessments  of  the 
management of risk. Processes to request Healthcare staff to participate in all ACCT reviews 
at HMP Bullingdon are now imbedded throughout the establishment and have been reinforced 
at  joint  partnership  meetings.  These  include  Healthcare  staff  attending  the  prison  morning 
meetings  where  they  are  informed  of  all  scheduled  ACCT  reviews  for  that  day.  A register of 
Care  UK  staff  and  all  sub-contracted  staff  who  have  completed  the  SASH  training  is 
maintained and compliance is monitored monthly.   

All staff are trained to adhere to the requirements of PSI 64/2011, Management of Prisoners at 
risk of harm to self, to others and from others. The PSI specifies that staff should be trained at 
least every three years.  In addition, Care UK have substantially consolidated this training with 
it’s  PROTECT  initiative  which  upholds  standards  to  protect  patients  and  maintain  safety, 
including thoroughly assessing all patients and proactive involvement with the ACCT process.  
A copy of the PROTECT initiative is attached.  

Staff meetings are held every two weeks to continue to improve and share knowledge and 
lessons learned regarding the management of prisoners in custody.  Currently HMPPS are 
providing specialist HMPPS training for both healthcare and discipline staff; “Understanding 
Risk: Why is Risk Risky?” and “Defensible Decision Making”, both of which seek to reinforce 
rational and appropriate decisions when applying the ACCT process and understanding 
suicide risk.   Care UK are providing  ASIST - Applied Suicide Intervention Skills Training, 
which is an internationally accredited and licensed 2-day course to all  patient-facing staff to 
increase their confidence in identifying suicide risk. This improved learning, supported by 
SASH training will better inform decision making in all cases, including those cases where 
removal from constant watch is being considered.   

I trust this provides assurance that Care UK are committed to improving processes to support 
the safety of men coming into HMP Bullingdon and developing strong communication 
pathways with partner organisations in the justice sector.   

Yours faithfully 

Head of Healthcare, HMP Bullingdon 

Page 3 of 3
Response from Hm Prison Probation Service (PDF)
Phil Copple  
Director General Prisons 
HM Prison & Probation Service 
8th Floor 102 Petty France 
London 

                                                                                           SW1H 9AJ 

        DirectorGeneralPrisons@justice.gov.uk 

Mr D M Salter, Senior Coroner  
Oxfordshire Coroner’s Office 
The Oxford Register Office 
2nd Floor 
1 Tidmarsh Lane 
Oxford 
OX1 1NS 

14 May 2019   

Dear Mr D M Salter 

Thank you for your Regulation 28 Report dated 21 March 2019, following the inquest 
into the death of Mr John Wright at HMP Bullingdon.   

I know that you will share a copy of this response with Mr Wright’s family, and I would 
like first to express my condolences for their loss. Every death in custody is a tragedy 
and the safety of those in our care is my absolute priority.   

You have raised two matters of concern: information-sharing and setting the level of 
observation for prisoners identified as being at risk, and I will deal with each in turn.  

Ensuring that all relevant information is available and used when making decisions 
about risk is a key priority.  As you acknowledge in your report, Care UK has taken 
action following this case.  NHS England Commissioners, Mountain Healthcare (the 
healthcare providers for Thames Valley Police) and the liaison and diversion service 
have been informed of the process for contacting the prison healthcare team with 
concerns about anyone coming into HMP Bullingdon.  This includes details of an 
email address to which Care UK staff have immediate access, and telephone contact 
details for the reception nurse on duty at HMP Bullingdon. 

Separately, the courts that serve HMP Bullingdon and the escort contractors (GEO 
Amey) have been reminded that safety concerns should be recorded on the Person 
Escort Record and shared with reception staff at HMP Bullingdon.  Clinical 
information should be attached in a sealed envelope clearly marked “MEDICAL IN 
CONFIDENCE” so that it can be read by a nurse in reception.  They have also been 

 
 
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                           
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 provided with contact numbers for the safer custody team and reception, and told 
that urgent matters should be raised with the orderly officer. 

All staff working in reception have been reminded of the importance of sharing risk 
information and ensuring that it is recorded on the prisoner passport.  The first night 
custodial manager conducts regular audits of the prisoner passports to ensure that 
relevant information is being recorded, and that the document is being seen and 
used by staff working in reception.   

With regard to you second concern, setting the appropriate level of observations for a 
prisoner who has been identified as being at risk is a difficult decision, and we have 
recently issued a learning bulletin to all prisons providing guidance about the issues 
to consider when making it.  At HMP Bullingdon, the Governor has reminded the 
escort contractors of the importance of alerting reception staff in all cases in which 
constant supervision has been in place prior to a prisoner’s arrival.  In all such cases 
the process is that the duty governor is informed and all documentation is studied to 
establish definitively the level of observations to which the prisoner has been subject, 
in order to avoid confusion over different organisational terminology.  In all cases in 
which constant supervision has been in place, an Assessment, Care in Custody and 
Teamwork (ACCT) is opened and any decision to reduce the level of observations 
will be taken at a multidisciplinary case review (including the Duty Governor, a nurse 
and a member of prison staff, as well as the prisoner) and recorded in the ACCT 
document.  All duty governors have been briefed and will frequently be reminded that 
decisions about the use of constant supervision should be based on the level of risk 
and must not be affected by resource constraints. 

All staff at HMP Bullingdon understand that the risk of suicide and self-harm is at its 
greatest during early days in custody.  The prison receives around 4,500 new 
prisoners every year, with at least 70% of these presenting with at least some static 
risk factors.  The Governor is committed to redoubling efforts to prevent the loss of 
life through a programme of learning.  All reception and first night staff have received 
an enhanced briefing from the head of safer custody, and all senior officers and first 
night staff have received risks and triggers training from the safer custody lead for the 
South Central prison group.  At national level, an early days in custody and 
transitions toolkit was launched in April 2019, which provided prisons with a range of 
resources to support work in this area. 

Thank you again for bringing these matters of concern to my attention.  

Yours sincerely 

PHIL COPPLE  
Director General - Prisons

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