Prevention of Future Deaths reports · 2020

Katrina O’Hara

Regulation 28 report to prevent future deaths, reference 2020-0051, written 3 Mar 2020. A coroner writes one of these when an inquest reveals a risk that could cause further deaths unless something changes.

Date of report3 Mar 2020
Reference2020-0051
DeceasedKatrina O’Hara
CoronerBrendan Allen
Coroner areaDorset
CategoryOther related deaths
Sourcejudiciary.uk record · original PDF
Responses published2

The report

Text recovered by OCR from a scanned PDF. OCR is imperfect: check anything you rely on against the source PDF. Reproduced verbatim, including the scan's own layout.

REGULATION 28: REPORT TO PREVENT FUTURE DEATHS (1)

NOTE: This form is to be used after an inquest.

REGULATION 28 REPORT TO PREVENT FUTURE DEATHS
THIS REPORT IS BEING SENT TO:

1. Mr K Malthouse, Minister of State for Crime, Policing and the Fire
Service;

2. National Police Chiefs’ Council;

3. College of Policing

1 | CORONER

I am Brendan Joseph Allen, Assistant Coroner, for the Coroner Area of Dorset.

2 | CORONER’S LEGAL POWERS

I make this report under paragraph 7, Schedule 5, of the Coroners and Justice
Act 2009 and regulations 28 and 29 of the Coroners (Investigations)
Regulations 2013.

3 | INVESTIGATION and INQUEST

On 8 January 2016, an investigation was commenced into the death of Katrina
Margaret Mary O'Hara, born on 14 April 1971.

The investigation concluded at the end of the Inquest on the 19° February
2020.

The Medical Cause of Death was:
Ia Stab Wounds to the Chest
The conclusion of the Inquest was as follows:

“The conclusion of the jury as to the death of Katrina O’Hara is that she was
unlawfully killed. During his interviews with both police and mental health
professional the ex partner cooperated fully, answering all questions and
presenting as a plausible and reasonable individual giving no indication that he
was likely to cause harm to Miss O’Hara. He was controlling and manipulative
and Miss O’Hara’s actions were influenced by his attempts to control her. The
ex partner used threats both to Miss O’Hara and her family to try to maintain
his control and even his threats to commit suicide and his suicide attempt were
more to exert influence on Miss O’Hara rather than real attempts to end his
own life.”

CIRCUMSTANCES OF THE DEATH

On the evening of 7" January 2016, Miss O’Hara was at her place of work, a
barbershop in | Miss O'Hara was outside of the shop when she
was approached by (EEE also known as i who was

Miss O'Hara’s ex-partner. [EEEEEEUsed a kitchen knife to stab Miss O'Hara,
who was sadly pronounced deceased at the scene.

was apprehended nearby, having cut his own wrist. He survived his
self-inflicted injury and is now serving a life sentence, having been convicted
of Miss O’Hara’s murder.

At the time of the offence, [was on conditional police bail for offences
of stalking, assault and threats to kill, with a condition that he was not to have
contact either directly or indirectly with Miss O'Hara, having been arrested on
30" December 2016 for those offences and having been released pending
further police investigations.

CORONER’ NCERN

During the course of the inquest the evidence revealed matters giving rise to
concern. In my opinion there is a risk that future deaths will occur unless action
is taken. In the circumstances it is my statutory duty to report to you.

The MATTERS OF CONCERN are as follows:

1. During the inquest evidence was heard that:

i. On 29" December 2015, Miss O’Hara telephoned 999 to report that |_|
was stalking and harassing her and that he had assaulted her
and threatened to kill her. It was established by the call handler that
Miss O’Hara’s call was not an emergency, so she was advised to call
back on 101, the non-emergency line. Miss O’Hara did not telephone
again, though her adult son, a telephoned the police, without
her knowledge, on 30" December 2015 to report what he had been told
about (MJ behaviour. Although Dorset Police have now changed
their policy, so that if Miss O’Hara’s call was received today the 999 call
handler would have taken the details, that change has arisen out of
investigations conducted into the circumstances surrounding Miss
O’'Hara’s death. A senior Dorset Police Officer who gave evidence
regarding the changes made in Dorset was not able to provide an
assurance that similar policies are being adopted by police forces
nationwide.

ii, Miss O’Hara’s son, [J contacted the police on 30" December

2015 to report his concerns about the risk JJ posed _to_his
mother. MI <0 oor: concern about the risk
posed to himself: had told others he was on the ninth page

of his suicide note. In addition, in the preceding 6 weeks the police had
been called at least four times to attend upon at: regards
to concerns for his welfare; he had made repeated threats to family and

N

others that he would take his own life. A senior police officer with
considerable domestic abuse experience that reviewed the incident log
of 30" December 2015 created following [EEE call, recognised that
the suicide risk EM posed to himself increased the risk that I

posed to Miss O’Hara. However, the recognition of suicide risk
of a perpetrator as a particular and significant high risk factor for a
victim, was not explicitly recognised in the Dorset Police Domestic Abuse
Investigation Policy and Procedure until more recently. A senior Dorset
Police Officer who gave evidence regarding the changes made in Dorset
was not able to provide an assurance that similar policies are being
adopted by police forces nationwide.

After Miss O’Hara’s adult son, i contacted the police on 30%
December 2015, police made contact with Miss O’Hara. She confirmed
the account provided by her son and attended a local police station to
provide a statement to the police. When Miss O'Hara provided a
statement to the police in support of the complaint made on 30%
December 2015, Miss O’Hara’s mobile telephone was quite properly
seized in order that it could be forensically analysed by police to retrieve
evidence that would substantiate the allegations that she made.
However, Miss O’Hara was not supplied with a replacement phone.
When approached by Mon 7" January 2016, she had no
means of contacting the emergency services. Dorset Police now have a
large stock of “pay as you go” mobile phones to supply to the victims
of crime who have had their phones seized for evidential purposes. This
has arisen in Dorset from learning arising out of investigations into the
circumstances surrounding Miss O’Hara’s death. I have not been
assured that such phones are available to victims in similar
circumstances across all police forces in England and Wales.

Following the complaint that was made on 30 December 2015, |
a as arrested and interviewed under caution the same day.
HE was not charged with any offences as further enquiries were
required before approaching the Crown Prosecution Service for a
charging decision. Therefore, he was released on conditional bail to
return to the police station. The condition attached to PY bail
was that he was not to have any contact in any manner whatsoever
either directly or indirectly with Katrina O’Hara. On 4" January 2020, I
was reported to the police for breaching his bail conditions: he
had instructed his daughter to send a text message to Miss O’Hara’s
daughter, asking “will your mum drop the charges or not” (referring to
the complaint of 30 December 2015), thereby having indirect contact.
A statement was then taken from Miss O’Hara’s daughter by uniformed
police officers. However, due to a lack of familiarity with what was, at
the time, a new police software product that assists the police in
managing information and tasks, “Niche”, the information relating to
the breach of bail was not communicated to the officer in the case for
the substantive matter. Therefore, no action was taken against Jj
in relation to the breach of bail conditions and no further
investigation, beyond the taking of the statement, was conducted by
police. Essentially, the “task” to obtain a statement to evidence the
breach of bail conditions was not linked on Niche to the original

“occurrence”, relating to the substantive occurrence. The net result was
that no notification was sent to the officer in the case, when there was
an expectation by all police involved on 4" January that such a message
would be sent and that the officer in the case could review the breach
of bail conditions and decide upon appropriate action. I heard evidence
that all officers in Dorset Police have or will be receiving further training
in relation to the functionality of Niche and that Dorset Police are
exploring the possibility of an officer in a particular case receiving an
automated notification through Niche if there is an addition to the
occurrence log for that case.

. Ihave concerns with regard to the following:

I am concerned that Police Forces across England and Wales may still
be employing a policy similar to that previously employed by Dorset
Police, with regard to non-emergency calls made to 999. Dorset Police
have recognised the courage it takes a victim of domestic violence to
make a call to the police so have now ensured that, depending on the
risk level and whether police attendance will be required, the call will
either be taken by the 999 call hander, or, where it is deemed that no
police attendance at any time is likely required, the caller will be called
back at a later convenient time. It is no longer left to the victim to make
a subsequent call to the police in relation to the same complaint. The
concern is that if similar policies are not in place across the police forces
in England and Wales, victims of offences, who may have had to take a
huge risk to themselves or others to make the call to the police, are
being asked to call back on a different number if their call is not
categorised as an emergency.

Dorset Police have changed their Domestic Abuse Investigation Policy
and Procedure to include the suicide risk of the perpetrator of domestic
abuse as a significant risk factor to the victim of domestic abuse. This
is a recent change and reflects the growing understanding that the
perpetrator who has “nothing left to lose” poses a significant risk to his
or her victim. I am concerned that this change in policy in Dorset may
not be reflected nationwide.

It is not unusual that the mobile phones of victims are seized by police
as part of investigation into domestic abuse related allegations. Until
the death of Miss O’Hara, Dorset Police did not provide replacement
phones, leaving victims potentially without a means to communicate
with others, including in an emergency. As stated above, Dorset Police
now have a store of mobile phones available to supply to victims where
their phone has been seized as evidence. I am concerned that this may
not be in place across the police forces of England and Wales and that
victims in some areas are being left without the means of contacting
others, including the emergency services, when their phones have been
seized by police during an investigation.

“Niche” is a software program used by, I understand, 23 police forces
across England and Wales. I do not know if more forces are due to

adopt Niche in the future. I am concerned that appropriate training
needs to be provided to police officers to ensure they have a good
understanding of Niche and how to “link” events to an occurrence and
to ensure that the appropriate individuals, for example the officer
leading an investigation, are notified of any developments in a case.

ACTION SHOULD BE TAKEN

In my opinion urgent action should be taken to prevent future deaths and I
believe you and/or your organisation have the power to take such action.

YOUR RESPONSE

You are under a duty to respond to this report within 56 days of the date of
this report, 28" April 2020. I, the coroner, may extend the period.

Your response must contain details of action taken or proposed to be taken,
setting out the timetable for action. Otherwise you must explain why no action
is proposed.

COPIES and PUBLICATION

I have sent a copy of my report to the Chief Coroner and to the following
Interested Persons:

(1) EE representing the family of Miss O'Hara;
(2) The Chief Constable for Dorset Police;
(3) representin

(4) EERE Solicitors, representing Dorset Healthcare NHS Foundation
trust;
(5) Independent Office for Police Conduct.

I am also under a duty to send the Chief Coroner a copy of your response.

The Chief Coroner may publish either or both in a complete or redacted or
summary form. He may send a copy of this report to any person who he
believes may find it useful or of interest. You may make representations to me,
the coroner, at the time of your response, about the release or the publication
of your response by the Chief Coroner.

Dated

Brendan J Allen

3™ March 2020

Responses

2 responses published against this report on judiciary.uk. A response is a body's written reply to the coroner's concerns; publication is at the discretion of the Chief Coroner's office, so an absent response does not mean nobody replied.

Response from Crime Policing and Fire Service (PDF)
Home Office 

' 

Brendan J Allen 
Assistant Commissioner for Dorset 

By e-mail:  Coro ner.Service@bcpcouncil.gov.uk 

Kit Malthouse MP 
Minister of State for Crime and  Policing 
2 Marsham Street 
London SW1P 4DF 

www.gov.uk/home-office 

30  June 2020 

Dear Brendan, 

Regulation 28  Report to  Prevent Future Deaths - Katrina Margaret Mary 
O'Hara 

Thank you for your letter of 3 March regarding this Regulation 28  Report. 
am sorry for the delay in  replying,  due to the original  letter going astray. 

I was very sorry to  read  about the circumstances of Ms O'Hara's death. 
Tackling domestic violence is  a priority for this  Government.  While many 
positive steps have already been taken to protect victims,  we  know that more 
remains to be done and,  in  parallel with  other work,  our landmark Domestic 
Abuse Bill which  is currently before Parliament will further strengthen 
protections for victims while helping to tackle perpetrators. 

The matters you  raise in  relation to call  handling,  seizure of evidence and 
police training on  Niche systems are primarily operational matters for the 
police.  However, the  Home Office liaises closely with  policing  leads and the 
College of Policing on  domestic abuse issues and  understands that domestic 
abuse cases are accorded a high priority by forces .  Experience during the 
recent pandemic lockdown period  has seen  police forces employing 
innovative tactics to  ensure that victims of domestic abuse can  contact them 
in  a wider range of ways - including for example on  line as well  as  by 
telephone - as well as targeting high risk perpetrators.  Police forces will be 
maintaining and  building on  such  innovation as lockdown eases and good 
practice will  be  shared through  the College of Policing. 

In  respect of potential risk indicators in  perpetrators,  the  Home Office is 
working  with a number of police forces and the  College of Policing to pilot and 
evaluate approaches to  identifying and  tackling high  risk offenders.  This work 
includes adding suicide indicators to the list of potential risk indicators.  In 
parallel work is ongoing to  review findings from  domestic homicide reviews 
and academic research with  a view to  more accurately identifying key 
characteristics and  risk factors for domestic homicides. 

 We expect the  results to be used to review or refine the current risk 
assessment processes as well  as helping to identify useful interventions with 
perpetrators or potential victims. 

We are fully committed to doing everything that we can  to  protect victims of 
domestic abuse and violent crime and to reducing future homicides. 

Kit Malthouse MP 
Minister of State for Crime and Policing
Response from National Police Chiefs Council (PDF)
Mr Brendan Allen 

Assistant Coroner 

Coroner for Area of Dorset 

9 June 2020 

Re:  Katrina  Margaret Mary O'Hara - Reg 28 Coroners' {Investigations) Regulations 2013. 

Dear Assistant Coroner 

Thank you for sight of your report to prevent future deaths regarding the murder of Ms 

O'Hara.  This has been brought to my attention as the National lead for Contact 

management within the National Police Chief's Council 

The  matter of concern raised that is  relevant to Contact Management is,  as  I understand it: 

that  Miss O'Hara originally contacted police via  999 and, when a call  handler determined 

that the call was not an  emergency, was advised to ring back on  101. 

Since 2015 there has been  a major refresh of the National Contact Management 

Strategy.  This has been undertaken under the auspices of the National Contact 

Management Steering Group and was approved by Chief Constable's Council in January 

2019.  Following on  from the approval of the strategy a corresponding, comprehensive, 

review of the Principals and  Practice for Contact Management has also been  undertaken . 

Our revised  principles and  practice cover this issue. 

The  Principles also make clear that, as  a national service, there should be limited deviation 

in this - this is  a position endorsed by the Home Office.  I would not intend to clarify or 

amend further in light of the Coroners comments. 

Also,  and  again  as outlined in the P&P,  all Contact Management staff should use the 

National Decision Making Model and a risk based  decision making model - the most 

common of which is THRIVE or THRIVE+.  This provides a structured and accessible decision 

on  initial grading. 

I will raise your report at the next meeting of the National Contact Management Steering 

Group for the awareness of all forces. 

1st Floor,  10 Victoria Street,  London SWlH 0NN  I  020 3276 3796  I  www.npcc.police.uk 

 However, it should also  be borne in  mind that 999 is  a national system with specific criteria, 

and it would appear that it was a case of inappropriate channel selection as outlined within 

those National criteria. 

I trust this is of assistance 

Yours sincerely 

Assistant Chief Constable

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