Prevention of Future Deaths reports · 2021

Donna Constantine

Regulation 28 report to prevent future deaths, reference 2021-0350, written 19 Oct 2021. A coroner writes one of these when an inquest reveals a risk that could cause further deaths unless something changes.

Date of report19 Oct 2021
Reference2021-0350
DeceasedDonna Constantine
CoronerAlison Mutch
Coroner areaGreater Manchester South
CategoryPolice related deaths · Mental Health related deaths
Sourcejudiciary.uk record · original PDF
Responses published2

The report

Text extracted from the PDF text layer. Reproduced verbatim, including the scan's own layout.

REGULATION 28:  REPORT TO PREVENT FUTURE DEATHS 

REGULATION 28 REPORT TO PREVENT FUTURE DEATHS 

THIS REPORT IS BEING SENT TO:   
To go to National Police Chiefs Council 
Secretary of State for the Home Office 
Chief Executive of the College of Policing 
Victims Commissioner for England 

1  CORONER 

I am Alison Mutch , Senior Coroner, for the Coroner Area of Greater 
Manchester South 

2  CORONER’S LEGAL POWERS 

I make this report under paragraph 7, Schedule 5, of the Coroners and 
Justice Act 2009 and regulations 28 and 29 of the Coroners 
(Investigations) Regulations 2013 

3 

INVESTIGATION and INQUEST 

On 23rd September 2019 I commenced an investigation into the death of 
Donna Constantine. The investigation concluded on the 30th September 
2021 and the conclusion was one of open. The medical cause of death 
was unascertained. 

4  CIRCUMSTANCES OF THE DEATH 

On 21st September 2019 Donna Ann Constantine was found at her home 
address 
 after neighbours raised concerns. She was 
severely decomposed. Post mortem examination could not establish a 
cause of death due to decomposition. Donna Ann Constantine was a 
vulnerable adult known to multiple agencies including Mental Health 
Services and Greater Manchester Police. She had repeatedly expressed 
suicidal ideation in the past. She had taken the tenancy at 

 from 12th August 2019. She was supported by the Housing 

Resettlement Worker from her temporary accommodation.  

She was referred to the Housing Support Service for support post her 
move. She sent a text message to her Housing Resettlement Worker and 
a Greater Manchester Police Officer whose work mobile number she had 
been provided with to indicate she was very unwell on 18th August 2019. 
She sent no text messages after 20th August 2019. Attempts to follow up 
dropping off her belongings were not made after 22nd August 2019. 
Unsuccessful attempts to contact her by the Housing Support Team were 

1 

 
 not escalated. The last known activity from her phone was on 22nd 
August 2019. No concerns for welfare were raised in the period from 
22nd August until she was found on 21st September 2019.  

5  CORONER’S CONCERNS 

During the course of the inquest the evidence revealed matters giving rise 
to concern. In my opinion there is a risk that future deaths will occur 
unless action is taken. In the circumstances it is my statutory duty to 
report to you. 

The MATTERS OF CONCERN are as follows.  –  
The inquest heard evidence that as part of the way in which GMP have 
sought to embed the Victims Code and engage with victims Police 
Officers are actively encouraged to provide victims/vulnerable members 
of the community with their work mobile telephone numbers. Those given 
the number are encouraged to use those numbers to raise concerns with 
the Police. In this case that is what Donna Constantine did.  

However the phones are not monitored when officers are off duty or on 
annual leave. This the inquest heard created an ongoing risk that 
vulnerable members of the community would contact officers in a way 
e.g. text/voicemail that would not necessarily allow their contact to be 
dealt with immediately.  

The inquest was told that this promotion of contact via mobile telephone 
numbers was not restricted to GMP and was in fact part of a national 
policing approach. It had been recognised that there were risks involved 
in encouraging contact in this way but no solution had been identified to 
reduce the risk.  

In contrast to contact via 999 and 101 there was no clear escalation 
policy for officers to follow if they received calls from members of the 
community and no clear policy regarding the creation of an audit trail of 
actions taken and no way of recording the calls verbatim unlike calls to 
the call handling team. 

6  ACTION SHOULD BE TAKEN 

In my opinion action should be taken to prevent future deaths and I 
believe you have the power to take such action.  

7  YOUR RESPONSE 

You are under a duty to respond to this report within 56 days of the date 
of this report, namely by 14/12/2021. I, the coroner, may extend the 
period. 

2 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Your response must contain details of action taken or proposed to be 
taken, setting out the timetable for action. Otherwise you must explain 
why no action is proposed. 

8  COPIES and PUBLICATION 

I have sent a copy of my report to the Chief Coroner and to the following 
Interested Persons namely the family of the deceased, who may find it 
useful or of interest. 

I am also under a duty to send the Chief Coroner a copy of your 
response.  

The Chief Coroner may publish either or both in a complete or redacted 
or summary form. He may send a copy of this report to any person who 
he believes may find it useful or of interest. You may make 
representations to me, the coroner, at the time of your response, about 
the release or the publication of your response by the Chief Coroner. 

9  19/10/2021 

Alison Mutch 
HM Senior Coroner 

3

Responses

2 responses published against this report on judiciary.uk. A response is a body's written reply to the coroner's concerns; publication is at the discretion of the Chief Coroner's office, so an absent response does not mean nobody replied.

Response from Home Office (PDF)
Home Office 

' 

Ms Alison Mutch 
Coroner's Court, 
1 Mount Tabor Street 
Stockport 
SK13AG 

Home Secretary 

2 Marsham Street 
London SW1 P 4DF 

0 1 DEC  2021 

HM  CORONER 
MANCHESTER SOUTH 

DECS Reference:  MIN/0197456/21 

~ovember 2021 

T{a~k you for your letter of 19 October enclosing a copy of the Regulation 28 Report to 
Prevent Future Deaths, following the inquest into the death of Ms Donna Ann Constantine. 

I was saddened to learn about the death of Ms Constantine and I would first like to express 
my deepest condolences to her family for their loss. 

I acknowledge your concerns detailed in your report, and should stress that police forces are 
operationally independent and, as such, it is for the Greater Manchester Police, the National 
Police Chiefs Council and the College of Policing to address the specific issues raised about 
their ways of working as they relate to the inquest into the death of Ms Constantine. 
However, I can reassure you that the NPCC and CoP, who you have named in the report and 
have operational responsibilities are aware of the recommendations and are working together 
to address them and respond within the requisite 56-day period. 

As a department I can advise we will continue to liaise with the NPCC and CoP on the 
development of policing policy and ensure that they take forward their response to your 
recommendations. 

Additionally,  I would like to assure you that the police take their duty of care towards 
vulnerable people very seriously and work hard to ensure appropriate and safe outcomes for 
the public that they serve. 

Improving the way in which the police respond to people who have vulnerabilities, whether 
they are suspected of committing a crime or not, is of utmost importance to me and we are 
playing our part to ensure that vulnerable people receive the treatment and care they need 
when they come into contact with the police. 

Thank you for writing to me on this important matter.  I hope that my response has 
demonstrated that we take the duty of care of vulnerable people seriously and continue to 

work to make Improvements. 

Rt Hon Priti Patel MP
Response from Npcc (PDF)
Ms Alison Mutch,  
Senior Coroner,  
Greater Manchester South 
BN13 2PQ 

Email only: 

14th December 2021 

Dear Ms Mutch 

Regulation 28 Report – Ms Donna Ann Constantine 

We write on behalf of the National Police Chiefs Council (NPCC) and the College of 

Policing (the College) in relation to paragraph 7, Schedule 5 of the Coroners and Justice 

Act 2009, and regulations 28 and 29 of the Coroners (Investigations) Regulations 2013, and 

the prevention of future deaths reports sent to the NPCC and the College, both dated the 

19th October 2021.  

Whilst the NPCC and the College have separate and distinct responsibilities, the two 

organisations frequently work together on national approaches to policing policy. As such, 

this response is provided jointly in respect of both organisations’ separate prevention of 

future deaths reports. The notice sets out concerns that arose from the information received 

during the inquest into the death of Ms Constantine. We are very sorry to read of the 

circumstances of Ms Constantine’s death. Our sympathies are with her family and friends 

and we share your commitment to addressing the issues that contributed to her untimely 

loss.  

The notice sets out your principal concern which highlights a text message sent by a 

vulnerable person to a Police Officer’s mobile phone which was not being monitored and 

your concern that giving out officer’s phone numbers to victims was a national policing 

approach.    

In order to establish a better understanding of the circumstances in relation to this PFD we 

have met with the relevant leads from Greater Manchester Police and wider NPCC 

portfolios to discuss this fully.  

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Firstly, it is important to note that since the death of Ms Constantine, the Victims Code was 

updated in April 2021, with a number of key changes having been introduced.   

These are: 

•  The Code provides 12 overarching rights, so it is easier to understand and apply. 
• 
•  Officers and staff must minimise contact points and provide a 'single points of 

It makes frequency and method of contact with the victim, victim led. 

contact' for information where possible. 

•  Officers and staff have more discretion as to when it is most appropriate to offer a 

victim personal statement. 

•  There is a greater emphasis on explaining 'why' certain decisions have been made 

The purpose of the victim’s code is to maintain contact with the victim in relation to their 

reported crimes, along with implementing any special measures required as a vulnerable 

person.   

It is appreciated of course that officers dealing with an investigation may wish to give their 

work number/email address to a victim of crime as a point of contact.  This would be in 

order to discuss the progress of their crime or request/ gather further information as 

required.   

However, forces nationally are not (neither had they been prior to April 2021) encouraged to 

give out mobile phone numbers as a point of contact in an emergency or in the event of 

illness/concern for welfare.  

Should victims have an emergency they are encouraged to call 999 or 101 for a non-

emergency in every case. 

Should an officer receive a call which indicates an emergency/concern for welfare they 

would be expected to call the relevant control room to report the incident which can then be 

recorded and allocated for attendance in the usual way.   

We hope that this addresses the concerns you raise.  Should you have any further 

questions in relation to our response please send this to 

Yours sincerely  

Chair 
National Police Chiefs’ Council  

Chief Constable 
CEO 
College of Policing  

Page 2 of 2

Related reports

Other reports by Alison Mutch

See all →

More reports categorised “Police related deaths”

See all →

Track Police related deaths

See every Prevention of Future Deaths report matching Police related deaths, and how often a new one appears.

What would an alert for this have sent me? Search the full text

Free to try — the preview shows the real matches and how many arrived in the last 12 months. Your first email alert is free.

These reports are published by the Chief Coroner's office at judiciary.uk and are © Crown copyright. The text here is reproduced from the published PDF so it can be searched. If something on this page is wrong, or you are a person named in it and want it reviewed, email drcjar@gmail.com and we will act promptly.