Prevention of Future Deaths reports · 2021

Prevention of Future Deaths report 2021-0406

Regulation 28 report to prevent future deaths, reference 2021-0406, written 25 Nov 2021. A coroner writes one of these when an inquest reveals a risk that could cause further deaths unless something changes.

Date of report25 Nov 2021
Reference2021-0406
CoronerAlan Wilson
Coroner areaBlackpool & Fylde
CategoryMental Health related deaths · Hospital Death (Clinical Procedures and medical management) related deaths · Child Death (from 2015) · Alcohol, drug and medication related deaths · Suicide (from 2015) · Community health care and emergency services related deaths · Other related deaths
Organisation namedLancashire & South Cumbria NHS Foundation Trust
Sourcejudiciary.uk record · original PDF
Responses publishednone published

The report

Text extracted from the PDF text layer. Reproduced verbatim, including the scan's own layout.

REGULATION  28 REPORT TO  PREVENT FUTURE  DEATHS 

THIS  REPORT IS  BEING  SENT TO: 

Gillian Keegan MP 

Minister of State (Minister for Care and  Mental Health) 

Department of Health &  Social Care 

1 

CORONER 

I am Alan Anthony Wilson Senior Coroner for Blackpool  &  Fylde 

2 

CORONER'S LEGAL POWERS 

I make this report under paragraph 7,  Schedule 5, of the Coroners and Justice Act 2009 and 
regulations 28 and  29 of the Coroners (Investigations) Regulations 2013. 
httQ:LLwww.legislation .gov.ukLukQgaL2009L25Lschedu1eL5LQaragraQhL7 
httQ:LLwww.le gislation.gov.ukLuksiL2013L1629Li:1artL7 Lmade 

3 

INVESTIGATION and  INQUEST 

The deaths of Marshall Metcalfe on 07/05/20 and of Jane  Ireland on 07/06/20 were reported 
to me and  I opened investigations on 09/12/20, which concluded  by way of an  inquest held 
between 15/11/21 and  25/11/21. 

I determined that the medical cause  of Marshall's death was: 
la  Multiple injuries, due to 

I determined that the medical cause  of Jane's death was: 

2  Bronchopneumonia 

The conclusion of the Coroner was that Marshall died due to 

. 

The conclusion of the Coroner in Jane's inquest was  a Narrative conclusion which  reads  as 
follows: 
At a time when she was grieving following the death of her Son, Jane  Ireland died after she 

 in  combination with fatty liver disease,  proved fatal. 

I

I 

I 

4 

CIRCUMSTANCES OF THE  DEATH 

In  box 3 of the Record  of Inquest for Marshall,  I recorded as follows: 

Marshall Metcalfe was known to mental health services.  He had twice been admitted to a 
Tier 4  (Inpatient) Child & Adolescent Mental Health facility, most recently in  February 2019 
after an  apparent relapse of his illness, complicated by physical  health difficulties that had 
required a hospital admission. He had  been diagnosed as  suffering from psychosis.  Marshall 
was known to be  someone who would refuse to engage in almost any social  interaction. He 

 
 was discharged on 06/01/20 and he returned to reside with his Mother. This was a decision 
clearly made with the support of Marshall and his Mother. By the time he was discharged 
minimal progress had been  made and his lack of engagement persisted. An  alternative 
placement was not considered, largely because of his desire to return home and to a 
supportive family. Children's social care were unable to contribute to discharge planning 
having not been  notified about Marshall's discharge for approximately two months 
afterwards. No risk assessment had been completed. Following discharge, Marshall 
continued to take his prescribed Clozapine medication.  Over subsequent weeks his 
presentation remained stable although his weight did noticeably increase which is a known 
side effect of that medication. Following discharge, he was not seen by a community 
psychiatrist at a planned review on 19/03/20 as a result of coronavirus restrictions in place at 
that time. At around 12 noon on 07/05/20 he was seen to leave home. 

 Marshall was 
transferred by ambulance to the Royal  Preston Hospital but had  received catastrophic 
injuries and  his death was verified at 14:33 hours that afternoon. 

In  box 3 of the Record  of Inquest for Jane,  I recorded  as follows: 

Jane Ireland was known to have had a history of mental health issues, although in recent 
years she  had been largely stable, and save for a relapse in early 2019 when she had  stopped 
taking her medication and in December 2019 when she went to see her own GP and was 
referred to START, she  experienced no major relapses or acute episodes.  On 7th May 2020, 
Jane's seventeen year old Son died. Having been seen at her home address on 6th June 2020 
when she is  reported to have been in good spirits, Jane was found deceased in her bed by a 
friend at her home address on 07/06/2020. A paramedic attended and verified her death at 
16:00 hours. A subsequent post mortem examination revealed that Jane  had, during the 
hours prior to her death, 

 the toxic effects of which, in combination with fatty liver disease, 

proved fatal. Her death was more than minimally contributed to by bronchopneumonia 
identified at post mortem. From the available evidence it cannot be established whether Jane 
intended to end  her life. 

5 

CORONER'S CONCERNS 
During the course of the inquests, the evidence revealed matters giving rise  to concern.  In  my 
opinion there is a risk that future deaths could occur unless action is taken.  In  the 
circumstances it is my statutory duty to report to you. 

The MATTERS OF CONCERN  are as follows. -

This report relates to two inquests. They were held jointly after I acceded to a request from the 
bereaved family that the inquests be  conducted together. 

As  will have  been noted from section 4 above,  both Marshall Metcalfe and  his Mother, Jane 
Ireland, were known to mental health services. The  concern  I wish to raise emanated from 
Marshall's death.  He  had  been admitted to a mental health facility in  February 2019 and 
remained there until he  was discharged on  06/01/20 to his  Mother's home where he  resided 
until his death on 07/05/20. One  month later, his Mother Jane died at her home on 
07/06/2020. 

 
 
 
 
 
 The  court heard that when Marshall was  in  the mental health facility during what was  his 2nd 
admission, a decision was made to discharge him from children's social  care. He  had  been 
supported as  a Child  in  Need  [under section 17, Children Act 1989] for 28  months, and this 
continued for a large part of that admission  until 14/10/19. In  September 2019, a decision had 
been taken by Children's Social Care  to cease their involvement as  no role could  be  identified 
for a statutory social worker at that time. Any home leave had  been suspended indefinitely, 
and there were no definite plans for Marshall to be  discharged.  However, a request was made 
that in the event the decision about home leave were to change, or if discharge was to be 
considered likely for Marshall, then Children's Social  Care  would again  have a role and  a re­
referral should  be  made. 

In fact,  Marshall was discharged on 06/01/20, there being no evidence before the court that 
such  a re-referral had  in fact been received  by Children's Social Care  by then and it follows 
there had  been  no  social worker input into Marshall's discharge planning. 

At the inquest, the court received evidence [from Marshall's Responsible Clinician, Consultant 
Child  & Adolescent Psychiatrist,  Dr 
admitted to the facility Children's Social Care will close their case  for the patient, and that when 
the patient is  later ready for discharge a re-referral  becomes necessary.  He  also  reminded the 
court that throughout a patient's admission, consideration is  being given to discharge in  line 
with the recommendation of NHS  England that all admissions should  be  kept as short as 
possible and the expectation that there should  be  discussion about discharge at every Care 
Programme Approach (CPA)  meeting. 

] that in  his experience when patients are 

, a former Inpatient Social Worker at the facility with 25 

Another witness, 
years of experience as  an  Approved Mental Health Professional, told the court that in  his view 
when such  a re-referral does become  necessary it is  like "starting from scratch" and  causes 
immense problems building trusting therapeutic relationships with young people. He  felt that 
there should  be  continual input from social care  during the patient's admission, and  that in the 
event that there has  been  no social worker input into a patient's discharge this raises the risk 
for that person once they leave the facility. 

I also  instructed Dr
independent expert opinion on the care provided to Marshall.  In  her evidence she shared the 
concerns of Dr 
confined to this case. 

, a Consultant Child  and  Adolescent Psychiatrist, to provide an 

 and  described this as  "a  wider issue" that was  not 

  and 

 concern, echoed  by  Dr 

The issue that I raise  is  as follows: I share 
social care  not closing their case,  but remaining involved throughout a patient's admission 
would be  helpful.  It may be that they would play a minor role,  if any, whilst the patient remains 
in  hospital until discharge  is felt to be  a genuine prospect, but once their input does become 
necessary they would  be  more able to respond  quickly and to actively participate in  discharge 
planning without the need to wait for the re-referral  process to be  carried out, thereby 
ensuring that the effectiveness of role  played  by social  care in  discharge planning is  not 
compromised . 

, and  ideally 

In  Marshall's case,  I found that there was no evidence that shortcomings in relation to 
discharge had  materially contributed to his death, but I feel that this issue does pose a risk of 
deaths in the future, and that it is my duty to write this report. 

6 

ACTION  SHOULD  BE  TAKEN 

 In  my opinion action should be  taken to prevent future deaths and  I believe you  have the 

power to take such action. 

7 

YOUR  RESPONSE 

You  are under a duty to respond to this report within 56 days of the date of this report, namely 
by Friday 21st January 2022 .  I,  the coroner, may extend the period. 

Your response must contain details of action taken or proposed to be taken, setting out the 
timetable for action. Otherwise, you  must explain why no action is  proposed. 

8 

COPIES and  PUBLICATION 

I have sent a copy of my report to the Chief Coroner and to the following Interested Persons: 

• 
• 

• 
• 

  [Sister of Marshall/ Daughter of Jane]; 

Lancashire & South Cumbria  NHS  Foundation Trust; 
Lancashire County Council; 
Blackpool Clinical Commission Group/ Fylde & Wyre Clinical Commissioning Group 

I am also  under a duty to send the Chief Coroner a copy of your response. 

The Chief Coroner may publish either or both in a complete, redacted, or summary form.  He 
may send  a copy of this report to any person who he believes may find it useful or of interest. 
You may make representations to me, the coroner, at the time of your response, about the 
release or the publication of your response  by the Chief Coroner. 

9 

25/11/2021 

Signature__________  _ 

Alan Anthony Wilson Senior Coroner Blackpool  & Fylde

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