Prevention of Future Deaths reports · 2022

Ruwaida Adan

Regulation 28 report to prevent future deaths, reference 2022-0336, written 22 Oct 2022. A coroner writes one of these when an inquest reveals a risk that could cause further deaths unless something changes.

Date of report22 Oct 2022
Reference2022-0336
DeceasedRuwaida Adan
CoronerLeanne Woods
Coroner areaEast London
CategoryOther related deaths
Sourcejudiciary.uk record · original PDF
Responses published1

The report

Text extracted from the PDF text layer. Reproduced verbatim, including the scan's own layout.

MR GRAEME IRVINE 
SENIOR CORONER 

EAST LONDON 

East London, Queens Road Walthamstow, E17 8QP 

REGULATION 28:  REPORT TO PREVENT FUTURE DEATHS (1) 

Ref: 14892552  

REGULATION 28 REPORT TO PREVENT FUTURE DEATHS 

THIS REPORT IS BEING SENT TO: 

1. 

, Capital Karts Trading Ltd, 15 Cabot 

Square, Canary Wharf, London, E14 4QS 

1 

CORONER 

I am Leanne Woods assistant coroner, for the coroner area of East London 

2 

CORONER’S LEGAL POWERS 

I make this report under paragraph 7, Schedule 5, of the Coroners and Justice Act 2009 
and Regulations 28 and 29 of the Coroners (Investigations) Regulations 2013. 
http://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2009/25/schedule/5/paragraph/7 
http://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2013/1629/part/7/made 

3 

INVESTIGATION and INQUEST 

On 19 August 2021 I commenced an investigation into the death of Ruwaida Abdi Adan 
age 15 years. The investigation concluded at the end of the inquest on 13 October 2022.  

The jury found the cause of death was:  1a Hypoxic Brain Injury, 1b Asphyxiation 

The jury's conclusion was a narrative conclusion:  
"No safety check ensured that Ruwaida removed her headscarf before getting into her 
go-cart. No daily mechanics' check was carried out on August 6, 2021. In Ruwaida's cart 
the plastic drive belt guard to the rear axel was absent and the rear seat shield was 
damaged. Both should cover exposed moving parts. 
Ruwaida's scarf became entangled in the moving parts resulting in her asphyxiation and 
her death on August 10, 2021." 

1 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 4 

CIRCUMSTANCES OF THE DEATH 

On 6 August 2021 Ruwaida, age 15, went karting at Capital Karts, Barking as part of a 
summer programme for young people arranged by Newham Council. On that day she 
was wearing a religious headscarf. 

The evidence at the inquest was that Ruwaida should have been instructed to remove 
that headscarf and checks should have been done, at various stages, to ensure she 
removed it. 

However, she entered the pit lane wearing the headscarf under the karting helmet and 
started to race whilst wearing her headscarf. This was not identified by staff at Capital 
Karts before she began karting. 

The jury made findings in relation to the condition of the kart. The evidence at the 
inquest was that a kart in that condition should not have been driven. 

Ruwaida's headscarf became entangled in the kart's moving parts. The headscarf was 
pulled tight around her neck leading to asphyxiation and ultimately her sad death. 

5 

CORONER’S CONCERNS 

During the course of the inquest the evidence revealed matters giving rise to concern. In 
my opinion there is a risk that future deaths could occur unless action is taken. In the 
circumstances it is my statutory duty to report to you. 

The MATTERS OF CONCERN are as follows.  –  

Whilst I received evidence that the system at Capital Karts has changed so that a 
person wearing a headscarf is now required to remove the item in reception and that 
must be witnessed, I continue to have a concern that there is a risk of future deaths. 

1. 

I am concerned about the current system's apparent reliance on checks at the 
reception area, particularly when it comes to long hair, which obviously cannot 
be removed and so may be untucked from a suit or come out of a suit before 
karting commences. 

2.  A current race director, who was a race director on 6 August 2021, stated it was 
a regular occurrence that track marshals did not spot loose clothing or hair 
outside a race suit. He said that when he raised this with marshals he would 
notice an improvement but then see a lapse again. 

3.  CCTV of the pit lane from 6 August 2021 showed a number of people with long 
hair hanging loose outside the race suits. The duty manager said that this hair 
and Ruwaida's headscarf were missed but had no idea why this happened. 
4.  Capital Karts conduced spot checks and used 'mystery shoppers' as part of the 

supervision of staff. This system has been used since 2013, i.e. was in 
operation at the time of Ruwaida's death. 

5.  There was no evidence about changes to training and/ or monitoring of tracks 

marshals (asopposed to staff working in reception). 

6.  My concern is increased by the evidence of Capital Karts' managing director 
during the inquest. At various points in his evidence he said that, on 6 August 
2021, his staff "did their job", followed their training and did the checks they 
were required to do prior to racing (or words to that effect). As a result of the 
evidence from the managing director, I have a concern about the nature of 
Capital Karts' understanding of, and commitment to, addressing the concerns 
identified in the inquest about the adequacy of checks on clothing performed by 
marshalls 

6 

ACTION SHOULD BE TAKEN 

In my opinion action should be taken to prevent future deaths and I believe you 

2 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 [AND/OR your organisation] have the power to take such action.  

7 

YOUR RESPONSE 

You are under a duty to respond to this report within 56 days of the date of this report, 
namely by 19 December 2022. I, the coroner, may extend the period. 

Your response must contain details of action taken or proposed to be taken, setting out 
the timetable for action. Otherwise you must explain why no action is proposed. 

8 

COPIES and PUBLICATION 

I have sent a copy of my report to the Chief Coroner and to the following Interested 
Persons the family of Ruwaida Abdi Adan (via Leigh Day Solicitors), London Borough of 
Barking & Dagenham, Health & Safety Executive, CDOP and to the local director of 
Public Health who may find it useful or of interest. 

I am also under a duty to send a copy of your response to the Chief Coroner and all 
interested persons who in my opinion should receive it.   

I may also send a copy of your response to any other person who I believe may find it 
useful or of interest.  

The Chief Coroner may publish either or both in a complete or redacted or summary 
form. He may send a copy of this report to any person who he believes may find it useful 
or of interest.  

You may make representations to me, the coroner, at the time of your response, about 
the release or the publication of your response. 

9 

[DATE]    22 October 2022   [SIGNED BY CORONER] 

3

Responses

1 response published against this report on judiciary.uk. A response is a body's written reply to the coroner's concerns; publication is at the discretion of the Chief Coroner's office, so an absent response does not mean nobody replied.

Response from Capital Karts (PDF)
FAO HM Assistant Coroner Leanne Woods 

East London Coroners Court 

Queens Road  

Walthamstow E17 8QP 

16th December 2022 

Dear Madam,  

Inquest touching the death of Ruwaida Abdi Adam  

Response to Regulation 28 Report to Prevent Future Deaths 

I confirm receipt of your Regulation 28 Prevention of Future Death Report dated 22 October 
2022  and  this  letter  has  been  prepared  in  response  to  the  matters  of  concern  which  you 
have raised.  I shall attempt to deal with all of the matters raised in turn. 

As you indicate within your report, Capital Karts had already taken steps prior to the Inquest 
to seek to ensure that there was no possibility of the repetition of the specific events leading 
to  Ruwaida’s  death.    The  evidence  at  the  Inquest  was  naturally  directed  principally  at  the 
issue of head scarfs and I am grateful to have the opportunity to be able to confirm the wider 
systems  which  have  been  implemented  to  deal  with  both  loose  clothing  (including  head 
scarfs)  and  long  hair,  which  have  always  been  recognised  as  presenting  a  risk  of  injury  if 
they  are  not  removed  or  secured  (as  applicable)  prior  to  anyone  participating  in  karting 
events. 

The process of providing appropriate safety information now begins at the booking stage.  All 
bookings are made in advance and the response provided by the company with all booking 
confirmations  now  includes  safety  information  including  a  clear  warning  that  head  scarves 
will  have  to  be  removed  before  a  person  will  be  able  to  participate  in  any  karting  activity.  
This warning is repeated in a further communication now sent to the customer prior to their 
arrival at the venue.  

This  information  is  reiterated  when  customers  arrive  at  the  venue’s  reception.    Customers 
are  expressly  told  that  long  hair  will  have  to  be  tied  up  and  head  scarfs  and  other  loose 
clothing  will  have to be removed.     The specific change made  since  Ruwaida’s  accident  is 
that  reception  staff  will,  in  addition  to  issuing  this  instruction,  have  to  directly  observe  that 
there has been compliance before any further admittance to the venue is permitted.  This is 
undertaken with appropriate sensitivity so that, for example, a private place will be provided 
so  as  to  enable  a  female  member  of  staff  to  witness  a  customer’s  removal  of  their  head 

                                                                  
  
                  
 
 
 
 scarf.  If, for any reason, a customer is not able to comply with these requirements, they will 
not be permitted to participate in any karting activities and a full refund will be provided. 

A  written  declaration  that  covers,  amongst  other  things,  that  these  instructions  have  been 
understood and will be complied with must also be completed and signed by all customers 
over the age of 18 years; and by parents/responsible adults for those participants under the 
age of 18 years. 

The pre-race briefing is now conducted by way of a pre-recorded video presentation, which 
includes specific warnings in relation to long hair and loose clothing.  That safety information 
is further confirmed by notice boards providing the same warnings which are located in the 
briefing room and the pit lane area.   

An additional safety check is now also specifically carried out by the Race Director within the 
briefing area so as to ensure that no customer has any loose clothing or long hair which has 
not already been removed or secured as applicable.  For racers with long hair, this means 
that their hair, which will have been tied in reception, must be secured within their fastened 
racing suit.  Customers will not be able to leave the briefing area and move to the pit area 
unless  this  individual  check  has  been  satisfactorily  completed.    It  is  therefore  no  longer 
possible  for  any  customer  to  enter  the  pit  area  with  any  loose  clothing,  including  a  head 
scarf, or long hair which has not been secured within their racing suit. 

The  pit  lane  marshals  continue  with  their  pre-race  safety  checks,  which  includes  helmet 
checks and a further safety check for any prohibited items, including loose clothing and any 
long hair outside of the racing suit at both the gate to the racing area and when customers 
are then seated within their karts.  The final warning against loose clothing and long hair is 
provided by way of the safety decals on the steering wheel on the karts.   

The kart racing itself continues to be supervised by marshals and by a Race Director, who 
has access to high-definition cameras, so as to monitor drivers and identify any safety issues 
which may develop during the race.   

The current systems are therefore not reliant on checks within the reception area.  A series 
of  individual  checks  are  made  beginning  with  the  reception  area,  but  then  continuing  with 
separate checks within the briefing area; and then the pit area so that it can be ensured that 
long hair has been secured within the racing suit and has not become untucked, and further 
that any loose clothing has been removed. 

Marshals  and  other  staff  associated  with  the  racing  operations  are  provided  with  very 
comprehensive  training  manuals  and  training  sessions  so  as  to  ensure  that  they  are  fully 
aware of all of their safety duties and responsibilities, including their obligation to ensure that 
the  rules  as  to  loose  clothing  and  loose  hair  are  enforced.    Their  understanding  of  those 
rules  and  their  ability  to  implement  them  in  practice  are  also  assessed  by  an  experienced 
Race  Director  before  they  are  certified  as  competent  to  work.    Race  Directors  are  also 
tasked  with  overall  supervision  of  all  racing  activities,  which  includes  a  requirement  to 
monitor the work undertaken by marshals.  Any concerns as to the performance of marshals 
identified by the Race Directors are promptly addressed. 

The  company  does  continue  to  conduct  spot  checks  and  use  ‘mystery  shoppers’  so  as  to 
ensure  that  its  expectations  as  to  the  performance  of  its  staff  are  being  met  in  practice.  
These had not disclosed any issues in relation to the proper undertaking of safety checks by 
staff  prior  to  Ruwaida’s  accident  but  these  checks  continue  so  as  to  ensure  that  safety 
standards  are  consistently  and  fully  achieved.      The  evidence  in  relation  to  6  August  2021 
did  confirm  that  two  customers  with  long  hair  had  been  identified  and  instructed  to  secure 

 their  hair  within  their  race  suits  before  they  were  permitted  to  begin  the  karting  activity, 
although, as you note in your report, the track marshals did not identify the head scarf worn 
by  Ruwaida  under  her  helmet  as  part  of  their  pre-race  checks.    As  set  out  above,  the 
systems  now  in  place  will  ensure  that  such  clothing  would  have  been  witnessed  being 
removed before a customer would even be admitted into the venue. 

In respect  of my  own  evidence  to  the Inquest, I had hoped to convey that  the safety  of  all 
customers has always been both my and the company’s primary concern, particularly given 
the  inherent  risks  associated  with  karting  as  an  activity.    I  also  hope  that  this  was 
demonstrated by the systems which the company had put in place to ensure that customers 
were aware of the risks associated with loose clothing and loose hair; the training which was 
provided  to  staff;  and  the  checks  which  were  made  of  each  participant  before  racing 
commenced.  However, notwithstanding that we had believed that our systems were in line 
with  industry  standards,  we  promptly  instituted  a  review  following  this  tragic  accident 
because  we  were  determined  to  ensure  that  there  could  never  be  a  repetition  of  it.    That 
process led to our implementation of the additional and enhanced safety measures which I 
have set out above. 

I  sincerely  hope  that  these  actions  which  I  have  outlined  and  confirmed  in  this  response 
addresses the matters which you have raised by way of your report.  Everyone associated 
with  Capital  Karts  deeply  regrets  the  accident  and  the  loss  of  Ruwaida  and  we  are 
determined  and  fully  committed  to  ensuring  that  a  similar  accident  could  never  happen 
again.   

Should you require any further information relating to my response, please do not hesitate to 
contact me. 

Yours sincerely 

Managing Director

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