Prevention of Future Deaths reports · 2023

Haik Nikolyan

Regulation 28 report to prevent future deaths, reference 2023-0340, written 15 Aug 2023. A coroner writes one of these when an inquest reveals a risk that could cause further deaths unless something changes.

Date of report15 Aug 2023
Reference2023-0340
DeceasedHaik Nikolyan
CoronerCrispin Butler
Coroner areaBuckinghamshire
CategoryState Custody related deaths · Suicide (from 2015)
Sourcejudiciary.uk record · original PDF
Responses published1

The report

Text extracted from the PDF text layer. Reproduced verbatim, including the scan's own layout.

Regulation 28: REPORT TO PREVENT FUTURE DEATHS 

NOTE:  This form is to be used after an inquest. 

REGULATION 28 REPORT TO PREVENT DEATHS 

THIS REPORT IS BEING SENT TO: 

1 

, His Majesty’s Prisons & Probation Service (HMPPS) 

1  CORONER 

I am Crispin Giles BUTLER, Senior Coroner for the coroner area of Buckinghamshire 

2  CORONER’S LEGAL POWERS 

I make this report under paragraph 7, Schedule 5, of the Coroners and Justice Act 2009 
and regulations 28 and 29 of the Coroners (Investigations) Regulations 2013. 

3 

INVESTIGATION and INQUEST 

On 15 March 2019 I commenced an investigation into the death of Haik Patrick NIKOLYAN 
aged 21.  The investigation concluded at the end of the inquest on 12 July 2023. 

The jury recorded a narrative conclusion which stated: 
Haik was a vulnerable person with Autism Spectrum Disorder, who committed suicide 
following failures by those organisations who had responsibility to protect him from harm. 
He had a documented history of mental health difficulties, self-harm, depression, anxiety, 
suicidal thoughts and suicide attempts. The decision to withdraw prescription medications 
managing his depression without a documented risk assessment or enhanced monitoring 
was not in his best interest and led to him experiencing psychological withdrawal 
symptoms, exacerbating his anxiety and depression. The insufficient security at the prison 
allowed illegal drugs to circulate which contributed to his bullying and exploitation and 
created a barrier to accessing prescription medication. 

The prolific bullying, exploitation and humiliation that Haik experienced in prison 
contributed to his declining mental health. Policies, procedures and interventions put in 
place to safeguard him were ineffective, ill-advised and at times absent. This resulted in 
ineffective communication, between the Prison, Health and Mental Health services which 
meant information was recorded but inconsistently shared and acted upon effectively. 
Furthermore, the absence of a process for escalating concerns put him at heightened risk. 

Due consideration for the complexities that Austism Spectrum Disorder can present were 
not appropriately addressed. Due to a lack of adequate training and the absence of a 
clinical psychologist, some of his behaviours were interpreted to be dangerous rather than 
the presentation of Autism Spectrum Disorder. This resulted in the interventions that were 
in place being ineffective, and incompatible with Haik's needs and therefore this was an 
unsuitable custodial environment for him. 

4  CIRCUMSTANCES OF THE DEATH 

Haik committed suicide 
early hours of 11th March 2019 at HMYOI Aylesbury (as it then was). 

 and was found unresponsive in his cell in the 

5  CORONER’S CONCERNS 

Regulation 28 – After Inquest 
Document Template Updated 30/07/2021 

 
 During the course of the investigation my inquiries revealed matters giving rise to concern. 
In my opinion there is a risk that future deaths could occur unless action is taken.  In the 
circumstances it is my statutory duty to report to you. 

The MATTERS OF CONCERN are as follows: 
(brief summary of matters of concern) 

HMP Aylesbury transitioned from a High Security Young Offenders Institution (a role it had 
undertaken for many years) into a Category C Training Prison after the time in which Haik 
Nikolyan had been an inmate. This has led to a quite different cohort of prisoners with 
different and additional issues to be addressed in their management and healthcare needs. 

Staffing changes have also occurred over the period, although the physical prison 
infrastructure is largely the same with some wing refurbishments being undertaken from 
time to time. 

Healthcare provision is also being undertaken by different providers today. 

Following the conclusion in March this year of an Inquest into the death of another young 
prisoner, Anthony McNally, at Aylesbury (which occurred in January 2021), a letter was 
written by me to the Governor in which I noted, inter alia, that the evolution to Category C 
status required time and resources and was not without significant challenges going 
forward. 

I was then (as now) interested to hear that appropriate resources continued to be sought 
and deployed by the prison to continue the work, from prison and healthcare perspectives, 
adapting to the Category C status, ensuring the safety and wellbeing of prisoners, staff and 
those with cause to visit the prison going forward. 

Some three months further on, my concerns are heightened to the extent that a death may 
result in a variety of circumstances through the continuing significant issues HMP Aylesbury 
is encountering in recruitment and retention of experienced prison staff, particularly Grade 
3 officers. 

Although initial steps are being taken towards implementation of a new neurodiversity plan, 
including the management of prisoners with autistic traits (pertinent to the circumstances 
of the death of Haik Nikolyan in 2019) and some recruitment has just taken place, without 
appropriate resources specifically in this area and within the broader staff cohort, there will 
be difficulties in maintaining this important work. 

The evidence heard at this Inquest in July 2023 indicates that general staffing levels are 
likely to impact upon the operation of the daily regime, training and reaction to individual 
incidents, against a background of increasing levels of violence and access to illicit 
substances, resulting from the changing cohort of longer-term and older prisoners within 
this Category C institution. 

The indication in evidence was that addressing these issues and continuing to address these 
issues is a matter for His Majesty's Prisons and Probation Service, working with HMP 
Aylesbury. 

6  ACTION SHOULD BE TAKEN 

In my opinion action should be taken to prevent future deaths and I believe you (and/or 
your organisation) have the power to take such action. 

7  YOUR RESPONSE 

You are under a duty to respond to this report within 56 days of the date of this report, 

Regulation 28 – After Inquest 
Document Template Updated 30/07/2021 

 namely by 10th  October 2023.  I, the coroner, may extend the period. 

Your response must contain details of action taken or proposed to be taken, setting out the 
timetable for action.  Otherwise you must explain why no action is proposed. 

8  COPIES and PUBLICATION 

I have sent a copy of my report to the Chief Coroner and to the following Interested 
Persons 

1.  The Family of Haik Nikolyan 
2.  Ministry of Justice 
3.  Practice Plus Group (formerly Care UK) 
4.  Barnet, Enfield & Haringey Mental Health NHS Trust 
5.  Midlands Partnership NHS Foundation Trust 

I have also sent it to: 
6.  Governor 
, HMP Aylesbury 
7.  HM Prisons & Probation Ombudsman 
8.  The family of Anthony McNally 

who may find it useful or of interest. 

I am also under a duty to send a copy of your response to the Chief Coroner and all 
interested persons who in my opinion should receive it. 

I may also send a copy of your response to any person who I believe may find it useful or 
of interest. 

The Chief Coroner may publish either or both in a complete or redacted or summary form. 
He may send a copy of this report to any person who he believes may find it useful or of 
interest. 

You may make representations to me, the coroner, at the time of your response about the 
release or the publication of your response by the Chief Coroner. 

9  Dated: 15/08/2023 

Crispin Giles BUTLER 
Senior Coroner for 
Buckinghamshire 

Regulation 28 – After Inquest 
Document Template Updated 30/07/2021

Responses

1 response published against this report on judiciary.uk. A response is a body's written reply to the coroner's concerns; publication is at the discretion of the Chief Coroner's office, so an absent response does not mean nobody replied.

Response from Hm Prison and Probation Service (PDF)
Director General of Operations 
HM Prison and Probation Service 
8th Floor Ministry of Justice 
102 Petty France 
London 
SW1H 9AJ 

19 October 2023 

Mr Crispin Butler 
HM Senior Coroner for Buckinghamshire 
29 Windsor End 
Beaconsfield 
HP9 2JJ 

Dear Mr Butler, 

Thank  you  for  your  Regulation  28  report  of  15  August  2023,  addressed  to 
.  I  am 
responding  on  behalf  of  His  Majesty’s  Prison  and  Probation  Service  (HMPPS)  as  Director 
General of Operations. 

I know that you will share a copy of this response with Mr Nikolyan’s family, and I would first like 
to express my condolences for their loss. Every death in custody is a  tragedy and the safety of 
those in our care is my absolute priority. 

You have expressed concerns regarding the recruitment and retention of prison officers at HMP 
Aylesbury. 

To  support  Aylesbury’s  function  as  a  category  C  trainer  prison,  a  review  of  all  staffing 
requirements  was  undertaken  which  has  enabled  Governors  to  review  and  distribute  the 
resources  available  more  effectively.  The  staffing  position  at  HMP  Aylesbury  has  notably 
improved  and  the  now  small  number  of  vacancies  for  Band  3  Officers  includes  some  staff  who 
are currently undergoing training. A number of recruitment initiatives have taken place, with more 
planned  for  the  coming  months,  to  continue  to  fill  vacancies  in  other  key  posts,  such  as 
instructors and probation POMs.  

This increase in staffing has allowed an improved regime to be offered to all prisoners, and has 
enabled  the  expansion  of  the  key  work  provision,  which  gives  enhanced  support  to  prisoners. 
HMP Aylesbury have appointed a Band 6 Neurodiversity support manager to raise awareness of 
neurodiversity  among  all  staff,  and  to  provide  training  using  the  neurodiversity  toolkit.  The 
reception  and  induction  will  also  be  adapted  to  make  them  more  accessible  for  neurodivergent 
prisoners.  

Considerable work continues to be undertaken to reduce the availability and use of drugs within 
HMP Aylesbury. A National and Group Drug Strategy  support visit has included a review of the 
adjudication  tariff  and  process  for  drug  related  incidents  including  positive  MDT  results,  and  a 
review  of  county  lines  and  criminal  exploitation.  Conversations  are  additionally  underway  with 
Public  Health  and  Commissioners  to  support  the  strategy  of  improving  staff  and  prisoner 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 awareness  around  the  impact  of  substance  misuse,  in  order  to  restrict  supply,  reduce  demand 
and build recovery.  

While levels of violence at the establishment remain low, the safety team has been reconfigured 
to  offer  more  support  to  prisoners, adding  an  operational  Band  5,  Band  4  Analyst and  an  extra 
officer to this team.  

At  national  level  we  are  taking  all  necessary  steps  to  improve  the  staffing  position  across  the 
country,  and  we  are  seeing  the  impact  of  that  work.  Substantial  levels  of  support  has  been 
provided  to  HMP  Aylesbury  as  one  of  the  highest  priority  prisons  for  recruitment  marketing.  In 
addition, the Prison Resourcing Communications team are working closely with the establishment 
to improve their staff engagement channels, including their staff newsletter, to increase staff pride 
and morale to help reduce attrition. 

In September 2023, the Ministry of Justice launched its first ever large-scale TV and radio advert 
to  support  recruitment  across  England  and  Wales,  aiming  to  attract  new  recruits  to  a  career  in 
HMPPS,  while  getting  the  public  to  rethink  what  working  in  the  prison  and  probation  service 
involves, all under the slogan “An extraordinary job done by someone like you”.  

Thank you again for bringing your concerns to my attention. I trust that this response provides 
assurance that action is being taken to address this matter. 

Yours sincerely, 

Director General of Operations

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