Prevention of Future Deaths reports · 2023

Hazel Pearson

Regulation 28 report to prevent future deaths, reference 2023-0471, written 24 Nov 2023. A coroner writes one of these when an inquest reveals a risk that could cause further deaths unless something changes.

Date of report24 Nov 2023
Reference2023-0471
DeceasedHazel Pearson
CoronerKate Robertson
Coroner areaNorth Wales (East and Central)
CategoryCare Home Health related deaths
Sourcejudiciary.uk record · original PDF
Responses published1

The report

Text extracted from the PDF text layer. Reproduced verbatim, including the scan's own layout.

Kate Sutherland 
Assistant Coroner for North Wales (East and Central) 

REGULATION 28 REPORT TO PREVENT FUTURE DEATHS 

THIS REPORT IS BEING SENT TO:   
Betsi Cadwaladr University Local Health Board 

1 

CORONER 

I am Kate Robertson, Assistant Coroner for North Wales (East and Central)                     

2 

CORONER’S LEGAL POWERS 

I make this report under paragraph 7, Schedule 5, of the Coroners and Justice Act 2009 
and regulations 28 and 29 of the Coroners (Investigations) Regulations 2013. 

3 

INVESTIGATION and INQUEST 

On 6 December 2021 an investigation was commenced into the death of Hazel Pearson 
(DOB 28/6/42) who died on 30 November 2021. The investigation concluded at the end 
of the inquest on 23 November 2023.  The conclusion of the inquest was a narrative 
conclusion as follows : 

Misadventure contributed to by neglect 

4 

CIRCUMSTANCES OF THE DEATH 

The circumstances of the death are as follows : 

Hazel Pearson was admitted into Ysbyty Maelor hospital on 20/8/21 having spent some 
time at a care home and community hospital before returning to Ysbyty Maelor hospital 
on 23/11/21. She had known coeliac disease which was recorded on her medical records. 
Her family had repeatedly informed staff about her coeliac disease. On 26/11/21 she was 
offered and consumed Weetabix probably believing it was a gluten free equivalent. This 
caused her to vomit, aspirate, suffer significant oxygenation and subsequent respiratory 
deterioration  which  then  led  to  her  death  from  aspiration  pneumonia.  She  died  on 
30/11/21 at Ysbyty Maelor, Wrexham.  

5 

CORONER’S CONCERNS 

During the course of the inquest, the evidence revealed matters giving rise to concern.   

Coroner's Office, County Hall, Wynnstay Road, Ruthin, LL15 1YN 

    |  

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 In my opinion there is a risk that future deaths will occur unless action is taken. In the 
circumstances it is my statutory duty to report to you. 

The MATTERS OF CONCERN are as follows:  – 

1.  Despite the deceased passing away just shy of 2 years ago, there have been 
inadequate improvements to manage patients with food intolerances and 
allergies. The Health Board has been working with other organisations in Wales 
to create an e-learning module and implement the use of red wrist bands for 
food intolerances / allergies, but this has taken far too long. The e-learning 
training module was uploaded to BCUHB system the day prior to the Inquest. It 
is strongly suspected that this was due to the impending Inquest.  

2.  The Health Board has not investigated the incident at all. A Medical Examiner 
Report was prepared following the death in November 2021 highlighting the 
ingestion of gluten in a coeliac patient. I have raised and continue to raise a 
number of concerns around the inadequacy of governance and poor 
investigation processes. 

3.  There were other incidences of gluten ingestion at Ysbyty Maelor and Deeside 

Community Hospital. On the at least 4 occasions at Deeside Community Hospital 
there were no Datix reports completed at the time. I was provided with no 
evidence that additional training, refresher training or induction training deals 
with when such reports should be made. I cannot be satisfied and reassured 
that all staff are aware of when to make a Datix report and how to complete 
this. 

6 

ACTION SHOULD BE TAKEN 

In my opinion action should be taken to prevent future deaths and I believe you have 
the power to take such action. 

7 

YOUR RESPONSE 

You are under a duty to respond to this report within 56 days of the date of this report, 
namely 18 January 2023. I, Kate Robertson, the Coroner, may extend the period. 

Your response must contain details of action taken or proposed to be taken, setting out 
the timetable for action. Otherwise, you must explain why no action is proposed. 

8 

COPIES and PUBLICATION 

I have sent a copy of my report to the Family of the Deceased and to the Chief Coroner. 

I am also under a duty to send the Chief Coroner a copy of your response.  

The Chief Coroner may publish either or both in a complete or redacted or summary 
form. He may send a copy of this report to any person who he believes may find it 
useful or of interest. You may make representations to me, the coroner, at the time of 

Coroner's Office, County Hall, Wynnstay Road, Ruthin, LL15 1YN 

    |  

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 your response, about the release or the publication of your response by the Chief 
Coroner. 

9 

Dated 23 November 2023 

Signature   
Assistant Coroner for North Wales (East and Central) 

Coroner's Office, County Hall, Wynnstay Road, Ruthin, LL15 1YN 

    |

Responses

1 response published against this report on judiciary.uk. A response is a body's written reply to the coroner's concerns; publication is at the discretion of the Chief Coroner's office, so an absent response does not mean nobody replied.

Response from Betsi Cadwaladr University Health Board (PDF)
Bloc 5, Llys Carlton, Parc BusnesLlanelwy, 
Llanelwy, LL17 0JG 

---------------------------------- 

Block 5, Carlton Court, St Asaph Business 
Park, St Asaph, LL17 0JG 

Dyddiad / Date: 18 January 2024 

Kate Robertson  
HM Assistant Coroner 
North Wales (East and Central) 
Coroner's Office 
County Hall 
Wynnstay Road 
Ruthin LL15 1YN  

Dear Ms Robertson,  

REGULATION 28 REPORT TO PREVENT FUTURE DEATHS 
Hazel Pearson 

I am writing in response to the Regulation 28 Report to Prevent Future Deaths dated 23 
November 2023, issued by yourself to Betsi Cadwaladr University Health Board, following 
the inquest touching upon the death of Hazel Pearson.    

I would like to begin with offering my deepest condolences to the family and friends of 
Mrs Pearson.  

In  the  notice  you  highlighted  your  concerns  regarding  inadequate  improvements  to 
manage patients with food intolerances and allergies, concerns around the inadequacy 
of governance and poor investigation processes, and concern that staff may not be aware 
of when to make a Datix report and how to complete this.  

On the first concern, I fully acknowledge that the delays in rolling out the improvements 
to  managing  patients  with  food  intolerance  and  allergies  were  not  acceptable.  In 
hindsight,  waiting  for  an  all-Wales  training  package  to  be  agreed  was  not  the  correct 
course  of  action  and  some  local  in-house  training  should  have  been  developed.  The 
adoption of an all-Wales approach was to ensure consistency of the message and also 
as a means of accurately recording compliance rates through the  national system, the 
Electronic Staff Record (ESR), which allows reports to be processed on a monthly basis 
and  appropriate  action  taken  to  ensure  uptake  if  training  does  not  meet  expectations. 
Other forms of training were considered at the time but there was not a robust mechanism 
in place to record those. 

In  relation  to  your  concern  that  the  training  was  launched  only  due  to  the  impending 
inquest, I can advise the Health Board had been pushing at an all-Wales level some 6 
months ahead of the inquest, but I appreciate how that may have looked just before the 
inquest date. 

Following  the  inquest,  further  meetings  have  taken  place  in  December  2023  to 
communicate the roll out of the red wrist bands, which has now happened via the BetsiNet 
intranet page accessible by all staff and the training is live, with agreed staff groups being 

Cyfeiriad Gohebiaeth ar gyfer y Cadeirydd a'r Prif Weithredwr / Correspondence address for Chairman and Chief Executive: 
Swyddfa'r Gweithredwyr / Executives’ Office 
Ysbyty Gwynedd, Penrhosgarnedd 
Bangor, Gwynedd LL57 2PW 

Gwefan: www.pbc.cymru.nhs.uk / Web: www.bcu.wales.nhs.uk 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 assigned to undertake this training. This will be mandated for them and will automatically 
appear on their ESR compliance page. Those staff will be all frontline staff who have an 
involvement in meal provision, with catering staff having an advanced level of training, 
which  is  already  in  place.  In  addition,  agency  staff  and  students  will  be  required  to 
undertake  the  training  and  this  has  been  communicated  with  the  agencies  and  local 
universities in January 2024. Training for volunteers is also being reviewed in January 
2024,  and  the  necessary  training  links  and  materials  will  be  made  available  for  the 
voluntary staff in February 2024. I have enclosed a copy of the communication to all staff 
via our BetsiNet intranet.  

The documents that underpinned the use of red wrist bands were all agreed and signed 
off through the relevant governance groups 8-9 months from the task and finish group 
being established. It is acknowledged that there were gaps in the escalation process from 
the  Make  it  Safe  incident  review  meetings  to  the  Improving  Nutrition,  Catering  and 
Hydration  Standards  (INCHS)  Group  and  the  governance  structure  underneath  that 
group has been reviewed and changes are being made to ensure escalation processes 
are robust and timely. 

Compliance with training uptake will be reviewed initially at the end of February 2024 by 
the chair of INCHS and thereafter through the INCHS quarterly meetings, with the next 
one  of  those  in  March  2024.  Appropriate  action  will  be  taken  if  uptake  is  lower  than 
anticipated or slower than required through the relevant service leadership teams. 

To  support  ongoing  improvement,  we  are  also  exploring  how  the  Health  Board  can 
access expert advice in relation to compliance. Wrexham Council, acting as the Primary 
Authority for North Wales, have been providing some formal guidance to the Health Board 
in  relation  to  food  safety,  specifically  food  hygiene.  The  same  arrangement  for  food 
standards, where food allergens sits, is not in place. The Health Board are considering 
commissioning this support going forward and will require some funding to support this. 
The Local Authority have been providing some advice to the Health Board but not in any 
formal capacity. 

On the second and third points around incident reporting and investigations, I know we 
have written to you recently regarding these points. To summarise our earlier responses, 
as you know we are undertaking a full review of the incident process in the Health Board, 
in co-design with our staff, and will introduce a new process and procedure for April 2024. 
This  new  process  will  include  a  revised  training  programme  for  staff  on  conducting 
investigations. A revised training programme for incident reporting is in place for all staff 
with dates confirmed across North Wales for the next quarter alongside “how to” guides 
and videos for staff to access at any time via the BetsiNet intranet.   

I hope this letter sets out for you the actions we have taken, and will continue to take, to 
ensure the concerns you raised are being addressed.  

Once again, I offer my deepest condolences to the family and friends of Mrs Pearson for 
their loss. 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Yours sincerely 

Cyfarwyddwr Meddygol Gweithredol / Dirprwy Prif Weithredwr Dros Dro 
Executive Medical Director / Acting Deputy Chief Executive  

cc  

, Acting Executive Director of Therapies and Health Sciences  

, Deputy Director of Quality 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 Appendix 1 – Screenshot of BetsiNet staff communication 

Appendix 2 – Screenshot of BetsiNet staff communication

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