Prevention of Future Deaths reports · 2024

Lee McHale

Regulation 28 report to prevent future deaths, reference 2024-0356, written 3 Jul 2024. A coroner writes one of these when an inquest reveals a risk that could cause further deaths unless something changes.

Date of report3 Jul 2024
Reference2024-0356
DeceasedLee McHale
CoronerAlison Mutch
Coroner areaManchester South
CategorySuicide (from 2015) · Alcohol, drug and medication related deaths
Sourcejudiciary.uk record · original PDF
Responses published1

The report

Text extracted from the PDF text layer. Reproduced verbatim, including the scan's own layout.

REGULATION 28:  REPORT TO PREVENT FUTURE DEATHS 

REGULATION 28 REPORT TO PREVENT FUTURE DEATHS 
THIS REPORT IS BEING SENT TO: 

1) Department for Levelling Up, Housing and Communities (Local 
Government.) 

1  CORONER 

I am Alison Mutch, Senior Coroner, for the coroner area of South 
Manchester 

2  CORONER’S LEGAL POWERS 

I make this report under paragraph 7, Schedule 5, of the Coroners and 
Justice Act 2009 and regulations 28 and 29 of the Coroners 
(Investigations) Regulations 2013 

3 

INVESTIGATION and INQUEST 

On 28th November 2023 I commenced an investigation into the death of 
Lee Francis MCHALE. The investigation concluded on the 17th  June 2024 
and the conclusion was one of suicide. The medical cause of death was 
1a) Multi Organ Failure 1b Paracetamol Overdose 

4  CIRCUMSTANCES OF THE DEATH 

On 23rd November 2023 Lee Francis McHale was admitted to hospital. 
He had taken 
 paracetamol tablets the day before. He was treated but 
continued to deteriorate. On 25th November 2023 he died at Tameside 
General Hospital. The inquest heard that he had incurred debts prior to 
his death as a consequence of the gap between his housing benefit 
entitlement and actual rent. This arose due to the “bedroom tax”. He had 
a larger property from when he had fostered children. However he had 
had to give up fostering and was as a consequence reliant on benefits. 
He was at risk of eviction at the time of his death. 

CORONER’S CONCERNS 

During the course of the inquest the evidence revealed matters giving rise 
to concern. In my opinion there is a risk that future deaths will occur 
unless action is taken. In the circumstances it is my statutory duty to 
report to you. 

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 The MATTERS OF CONCERN are as follows.  – 

The inquest was told that once Mr McHale was no longer able to foster he 
began to claim benefits including housing benefit. However the property 
he resided in was larger than a single occupancy property because he 
had previously fostered children. As a consequence he was subject to the 
so called “bedroom tax”. This meant that there was a gap between 
housing benefit and his actual rent. Therefore he rapidly went into arrears 
with his rent and liable to be evicted. He did not feel able to deal with the 
situation. He was worried about moving from his home in part because he 
had allowed one of his now adult foster children to continue living with 
him. He had allowed that because he was concerned that person would 
otherwise become homeless. Ultimately he took a catastrophic 
paracetamol overdose. 

6  ACTION SHOULD BE TAKEN 

In my opinion action should be taken to prevent future deaths and I 
believe you have the power to take such action. 

7  YOUR RESPONSE 

You are under a duty to respond to this report within 56 days of the date 
of this report, namely by 28th  August 2024.I, the coroner, may extend the 
period. 

Your response must contain details of action taken or proposed to be 
taken, setting out the timetable for action. Otherwise you must explain 
why no action is proposed. 

8  COPIES and PUBLICATION 

I have sent a copy of my report to the Chief Coroner and to the following 
Interested Persons namely 
 on behalf 
of the family, who may find it useful or of interest. 

I am also under a duty to send the Chief Coroner a copy of your 
response. 

The Chief Coroner may publish either or both in a complete or redacted 
or summary form. He may send a copy of this report to any person who 
he believes may find it useful or of interest. You may make 
representations to me, the coroner, at the time of your response, about 
the release or the publication of your response by the Chief Coroner. 

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 9  Alison Mutch 

HM Senior Coroner 

03.07.2024 

3

Responses

1 response published against this report on judiciary.uk. A response is a body's written reply to the coroner's concerns; publication is at the discretion of the Chief Coroner's office, so an absent response does not mean nobody replied.

Response from Dwp (PDF)
Official-Sensitive 

Ms Alison Mutch OBE 
HM Senior Coroner for Greater Manchester South 
H.M. Coroner’s Office, 
1 Mount Tabor, 
Stockport, 
SK1 3AG. 

Caxton House  
Tothill Street  
London   
SW1H 9NA 

09 September 2024  

Dear Ms Mutch,  

RESPONSE TO REGULATION 28 REPORT TO PREVENT FUTURE DEATHS  

We write on behalf of the Department for Work and Pensions (“DWP”) in response to your 
Prevention of Future Deaths Report made under Regulation 28 of the Coroners 
(Investigations) Regulations 2013.  

We would like to take this opportunity to express our condolences, both personally and on 
behalf of DWP, to Mr McHale’s family. 

Your Prevention of Future Deaths Report in this case was originally sent to the Ministry of 
Housing, Communities and Local Government (formerly the Department for Levelling Up, 
Housing and Communities). It was referred on to DWP as the department with responsibility 
for the Removal of the Spare Room Subsidy policy, sometimes referred to as ‘the bedroom 
tax’. 

You raised the following concern in your report: 

The inquest was told that once Mr McHale was no longer able to foster he  
began to claim benefits including housing benefit. However the property  
he resided in was larger than a single occupancy property because he  

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 Official-Sensitive 

had previously fostered children. As a consequence he was subject to the  
so called “bedroom tax”. This meant that there was a gap between  
housing benefit and his actual rent. Therefore he rapidly went into arrears  
with his rent and liable to be evicted. He did not feel able to deal with the  
situation. He was worried about moving from his home in part because he  
had allowed one of his now adult foster children to continue living with  
him. He had allowed that because he was concerned that person would  
otherwise become homeless. Ultimately, he took a catastrophic paracetamol 
overdose.  

DWP would like to point out that it was not an Interested Person to the inquest proceedings.   
DWP was not aware that an inquest was taking place in relation to Mr McHale’s death and 
was not asked to provide evidence to assist within the substantive proceedings or on matters 
relating to the prevention of future deaths. 

Our response to your concern is as follows: 

Housing Benefit and the Removal of the Spare Room Subsidy Policy 

The Removal of the Spare Room Subsidy (“RSRS”) policy was introduced in April 2013 and 
applies to claims for housing support, either Housing Benefit (“HB”) or housing support in 
Universal Credit, where a working-age claimant lives in a social rented sector property that is 
considered to have more bedrooms than the household needs. The policy was introduced to 
make better use of social housing stock and to strengthen work incentives.   

RSRS deductions are based on the claimant's eligible rent. There is a 14 percent reduction 
for those with one extra bedroom and a 25 percent reduction for those with two or more extra 
bedrooms. Size criteria take account of the number of people who live in the property, their 
ages and the composition of the household. These criteria provide a bedroom for; 

•  a couple,  
•  a single person aged 16 or over,  
• 
• 
•  a sole or remaining child.  

two children of the same sex under the age of 16,  
two children of the same or opposite sexes under the age of 10, and  

There are circumstances which allow for an additional bedroom, such as to support disabled 
people and carers, the families of disabled children, foster carers, parents who adopt, parents 
of service personnel and people who have suffered a bereavement. 
The size criteria are set out in the Housing Benefit Regulations 20061 (as amended by the 
Housing Benefit (Amendment) Regulations 20122). The size criteria apply to claimants living 
in both social and private rented sectors, for the purposes of calculating the maximum amount 
payable in respect of housing costs. This is explained at paragraph 7.6 in the explanatory 
memorandum3. 

1 The Housing Benefit Regulations 2006 (legislation.gov.uk) 
2 The Housing Benefit (Amendment) Regulations 2012 (legislation.gov.uk) 
3 The Housing Benefit (Amendment) Regulations 2012 - Explanatory Memorandum (legislation.gov.uk) 

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 Official-Sensitive 

Mr McHale’s Housing Benefit Claim 

Mr McHale was receiving housing support towards his rental costs via HB, which is 
administered by local authorities on behalf of DWP to assist low-income households to meet 
their rental costs. As such, we cannot confirm the details of Mr McHale’s claim, however you 
may find the following helpful.  

In your report you mentioned that the circumstances relating to Mr McHale’s death were as a 
result of debts incurred as a consequence of the gap between his HB entitlement and his rent. 
You have referenced this gap occurred because of the RSRS policy, which is sometimes 
referred to as the 'bedroom tax’.  

The report states that Mr McHale was an approved foster carer. Under DWP policy, foster 
carers can receive one extra bedroom for any number of foster children. This rule applies 
whether or not a child has been placed with the carer, as long as they have fostered a child or 
have become an approved carer in the last 52 weeks.  

The report states that Mr McHale had stopped foster caring and that an adult former foster 
child remained living with him as Mr McHale was worried that the former foster child might 
otherwise become homeless. 

Where an adult lives in a household with a person who is receiving housing support, a non-
dependant deduction can apply in certain circumstances. A non-dependant is someone aged 
18 and over who normally lives with the person claiming housing support. The general policy 
for non-dependant deductions is that adults (such as adult children) living in the household of 
people claiming HB should contribute to the household expenses of the accommodation 
where they live. A non-dependant is included in the household bedroom calculation for benefit 
purposes. However, the amount that a non-dependant contributes to the household is a 
matter for the householder and non-dependant to decide.  

Additional Support 

To provide further support to people impacted by these policies, DWP funds the Discretionary 
Housing Payments (DHPs) scheme. DHPs can be awarded by a local authority to help people 
meet their housing costs e.g. to cover a shortfall in rent or costs associated with moving. 
DHPs are administered by local authorities on behalf of DWP, as they are best placed to 
make informed judgements about relative priorities and needs in their area to ensure that the 
most vulnerable are supported and the funds are targeted effectively. DWP provides local 
authorities with advisory guidance, which includes a list of priority groups intended to assist 
with their decision making. The guidance (Annex A) encourages local authorities to engage 
with claimants affected by RSRS to identify effective ways of mitigating the effects of any 
reduction in entitlement, such as tenants being encouraged to move to smaller properties, to 
take lodgers or to apply for a DHP.  

Conclusion 

Although DWP has overall responsibility for HB and the DHPs scheme and its funding, it is 
local authorities that administer these benefits. Therefore, we cannot comment on what 
happened specifically in Mr McHale’s case; for that information you would need to contact the 
local authority directly.  

However, DWP is satisfied that its RSRS policy is clear and that there is additional housing 
support available through the DHP scheme. We hope that our response addresses your 

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concerns and helps to assure you of DWP’s commitment to supporting our claimants’ housing 
needs.  

Yours sincerely, 

Deputy Director 
Housing Policy, Poverty, Housing & Disadvantage 

Chief Medical Advisor 

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 Annex 1 – Discretionary Housing Payments Manual for local Authorities  

Official-Sensitive 

DWP provides local authorities with advisory guidance, which includes a list of priority groups 
intended to assist with their decision making. Annex A of the manual4 states:   

The Removal of the Spare Room Subsidy policy 

19. Working Age claimants living in the social rented sector face a reduction to their eligible 
rent if they under-occupy their property. The level of under-occupation is determined by size 
criteria rules which calculate how many bedrooms are required for a household. These criteria 
are also used in the private rented sector. The rates of reduction to the eligible rent for those 
affected by this policy are: 

•  14 per cent where there is under-occupation by one bedroom; and 
•  25 per cent where there is under-occupation by two or more bedrooms 

20. The department continues to expect that most claimants affected by this measure will find 
ways of making up the shortfall themselves, to remain in their existing home. 

21. The department would encourage all LAs to continue their work of engaging with affected 
claimants to identify effective ways of mitigating the effects of any reduction in entitlement. 

4 Discretionary Housing Payments guidance manual - GOV.UK (www.gov.uk) 

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