Prevention of Future Deaths reports · 2024

Sewa Chaddha

Regulation 28 report to prevent future deaths, reference 2024-0552, written 2 Jun 2024. A coroner writes one of these when an inquest reveals a risk that could cause further deaths unless something changes.

Date of report2 Jun 2024
Reference2024-0552
DeceasedSewa Chaddha
CoronerKaty Thorne
Coroner areaBerkshire
CategoryAlcohol, drug and medication related deaths
Sourcejudiciary.uk record · original PDF
Responses published9

The report

Text extracted from the PDF text layer. Reproduced verbatim, including the scan's own layout.

Regulation 28: REPORT TO PREVENT FUTURE DEATHS

REGULATION 28 REPORT TO PREVENT DEATHS

THIS REPORT IS BEING SENT TO:

, Contractor Support Officer, Community Pharmacy England,

1. Slough Pharmacy (formerly Lloyds Pharmacy) 10 Upton Lee Parade,
Wexham Road, Slough
2. Berkshire Integrated Care Board
3.
Thames Valley
4. Chief Executive, Local Pharmacy Commission
5. Chief Executive, General Pharmaceutical Council
6. Chief Executive, National Pharmaceutical Association
7. NHS Specialist Pharmacy Service
8. Medication And Healthcare Products Regulatory Agency

1

CORONER

I am KATY THORNE KC, Assistant Coroner, for the coroner area of Berkshire

2

CORONER’S LEGAL POWERS

I make this report under paragraph 7, Schedule 5, of the Coroners and Justice Act 2009
and Regulations 28 and 29 of the Coroners (Investigations) Regulations 2013. As set
out in the case of R (Dr Siddiqi and Dr Paeprer-Rohricht) v Assistant Coroner for East
London, the issuing of a Regulation 28 report entails no more than the coroner bringing.
some information regarding a public safety concern to the attention of the recipient. The
report is not punitive in nature.

3

INVESTIGATION and INQUEST

On 27 March 2024 I commenced an investigation into the death of Sewa Kaur Chaddha, then
aged 82. The investigation concluded at the end of the inquest on 24 May 2024. The
conclusion of the inquest was accident, the medical cause of death being
I a Hyponatraemia
I b Treatment for Hypoglycaemia
I c Ingestion of Hypoglycaemic Medication
II Frailty of Old Age, Decompensated Heart Failure, Cognitive Impairment
CIRCUMSTANCES OF THE DEATH

4

(1) Mrs Chaddha had been living with her husband in Slough. They both had a number of
physical health conditions requiring multiple prescribed medications. They both had
cognitive impairment due to their age.

(2) On 5 May 2023 Mrs Chaddha was found collapsed on the floor at their home.

It was
discovered that she had been taking her husbands medication instead of her own for
several days, including diabetes medication. Her blood sugar levels were found to be
extremely low.

(3) She died on 10 May 2023 at Wexham Park Hospital of hyponatraemia caused by the

necessary treatment for hypoglycaemia which was in turn caused by the accidental
ingestion of hypoglycaemic medication.

5

CORONER’S CONCERNS

During the course of the investigation my inquiries revealed matters giving rise to concern. In

Regulation 28 – After Inquest
Document Template Updated 30/07/2021

 my opinion there is a risk that future deaths could occur unless action is taken.
circumstances it is my statutory duty to report to you.

In the

The MATTERS OF CONCERN are as follows:
(brief summary of matters of concern)

1) The medications were provided to the couple by the local pharmacy, then known
as Lloyds Pharmacy, in separate dosset boxes. Mrs Chaddha’s medications
were provided on a weekly basis. Mr Chaddha’s were provided on a monthly
basis.
(2) Both patients were elderly and had cognitive impairment.
(3) The two patients’ dosset boxes were identical to each other except for a small
pharmacist’s label with small type with the relevant patient’s name.
(4) Mrs Chaddha used one of Mr Chaddha’s dosset boxes, rather than her own, for
several days.
(5) Evidence was given at the inquest that there was no guidance or policy in place
for Pharmacists to follow when issuing medication to patients with cognitive
impairments, or if there was, it was not well disseminated among the pharmacist
population.
(6) Evidence was given at the inquest that dosset boxes of different colours or
labels with different colours were not routinely given to elderly or cognitively
impaired patients living at the same address.

6

ACTION SHOULD BE TAKEN

In my opinion action should be taken to prevent future deaths and I believe you (and/or your
organisation) have the power to take such action.

7

YOUR RESPONSE

You are under a duty to respond to this report within 56 days of the date of this report,
namely by July 26, 2024.

I, the coroner, may extend the period.

Your response must contain details of action taken or proposed to be taken, setting out the
timetable for action. Otherwise, you must explain why no action is proposed.

8

COPIES and PUBLICATION

I am also under a duty to send a copy of your response to the Chief Coroner and all interested
persons who in my opinion should receive it.
I may also send a copy of your response to any
person who I believe may find it useful or of interest.

I have sent a copy of my report to the Chief Coroner and to the following Interested Persons

I have also sent it to

, Kumar Medical Centre

who may find it useful or of interest.

The Chief Coroner may publish either or both in a complete or redacted or summary form. He
may send a copy of this report to any person who he believes may find it useful or of interest.

You may make representations to me, the coroner, at the time of your response about the
release or the publication of your response by the Chief Coroner.

Regulation 28 – After Inquest
Document Template Updated 30/07/2021

 9

Dated: 02/06/2024

Katy THORNE KC
Assistant Coroner for
Berkshire

Regulation 28 – After Inquest
Document Template Updated 30/07/2021

Responses

9 responses published against this report on judiciary.uk. A response is a body's written reply to the coroner's concerns; publication is at the discretion of the Chief Coroner's office, so an absent response does not mean nobody replied.

Response from Berkshire Integrated Care Board (PDF)
Headquarters 
King Edward VII Hospital 
St. Leonards Rd,  
Windsor  
SL4 3DP 

Tel: 01252 335154  
Email: frimleyicb.public@nhs.net 

STRICTLY PRIVATE AND CONFIDENTIAL 

Katy Thorne KC 
Assistant Coroner for Berkshire 
Town Hall, Blagrave St,  
Reading,  
RG1 1QH 

20 July 2024 

Subject: Response to Matters of Concern 

Dear Ms. Thorne, 

Re: Mrs Sewa Kaur Chaddha (deceased) Regulation 28 Preventing Future Deaths Response 

Thank you for your report dated 2nd June 2024, regarding the death of Mrs. Sewa Kaur Chaddha 
and the concerns raised during her inquest, which concluded on 24th May 2024. On behalf of NHS 
Frimley  Integrated  Care  Board  (ICB),  I  would  like  to  express  our  sincere  condolences  to  Mrs. 
Chaddha’s family. We deeply regret the circumstances of her passing and appreciate you bringing 
these important issues to our attention. 

I am replying as the Chief Pharmacist for NHS Frimley, responsible for medicines optimisation and 
pharmacy  across  our  system.  While  we  recognise  our  duty  to  address  the  concerns  raised,  it  is 
important  to  note  that  community  pharmacies  and  other  healthcare  professionals  operate  as 
independent contractors under a national framework or contract, limiting our direct influence over 
their processes. 

Your  report  highlights  the  concern  about  the  lack  of  guidance  for  pharmacists  when  providing 
medications  in  dosette  boxes  to  patients  with  cognitive  impairments  who  may  need  additional 
support to take their medication safely. We are committed to addressing these issues to ensure the 
safety and well-being of all our residents. 

Our goal is to  learn  from  this case  and  take  meaningful steps  within  our remit  to  prevent  similar 
incidents in the future and share learning nationally. To thoroughly address the concerns raised, we 
shared  the  Prevention  of  Future  Death  Report  [REDACTED]  with  a  diverse  group  of  pharmacy 
stakeholders  across  the  South-East  region  to  help  the  ICB  respond  effectively  to  the  points  you 
raised. 

Bracknell Forest 

North East Hampshire  

Royal Borough of Windsor and Maidenhead 

Slough 

Surrey Heath and Farnham 
Farnham 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Below is a summary of the matters of concern outlined by the court and our response. 

1. The medications were provided to the couple by the local pharmacy, then known 
as Lloyds Pharmacy, in separate dosette boxes. Mrs. Chaddha’s medications were 
provided on a weekly basis. Mr. Chaddha’s were provided monthly  

The  clinical  need  of  the  individual  patient  is  determined  by  the  patients  General 
Practitioner which is used to determine the number of days’ supply of medication. 
As  such  this  can  mean  that  patients  in  the  same  household  may  be  supplied 
medication at different frequencies. 

2. Both patients were elderly and had cognitive impairment. 

The report mentioned that both patients had age-related cognitive impairment but 
did not include details of whether any assessment had taken place to establish the 
support required by Mr. or Mrs. Chaddha for their physical or cognitive needs by any 
health or social care organisation.  
Community  pharmacies  typically  have  access  to  patients'  medication  records  but 
will rarely receive any information about diagnoses or social care details. 

3. The two patients’ dosette boxes were identical to each other except for a small 
pharmacist’s label with small type with the relevant patient’s name. 

Where requested by patients, other healthcare professionals or relatives or where 
an issue is recognised, pharmacy contractors will under the Equality Act 2010 make 
reasonable  adjustments  to  support  individuals  to  take  their  medication  safely,  for 
example, by the provision of Medicines Compliance Aids (commonly referred to as 
dosette  boxes),  tick  charts  or  large  print  labels.  They  are  advised  to  assess  the 
patients’  needs  before  making  any  such  reasonable  adjustments  and  not  simply 
respond to the request of a patient, carer or other healthcare professional. It should 
be  noted  that  the  adjustment  should  be  reasonable  and  under  the Act  does  not 
include all possible solutions.  

As  a  result  of  this  case,  the  ICB  will  be  updating  local  resource  material  to 
remind  healthcare  professionals  of  the  importance  of  carrying  out  an 
assessment and will recommend that in doing so they consider other people 
in  the  home  that  may  also  have  additional  needs,  as  well  as  the  individual 
patient.  

4. Mrs. Chaddha used one of Mr. Chaddha’s dosette boxes, rather than her own, for 
several days. 

It remains unclear if Mr or Mrs. Chaddha had social care support that could have 
flagged issues earlier. 

Bracknell Forest 

North East Hampshire  

Royal Borough of Windsor and Maidenhead 

Slough 

Surrey Heath and Farnham 
Farnham 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 5. Evidence was given at the inquest that there was no guidance or policy in place 
for  pharmacists  to  follow  when  issuing  medication  to  patients  with  cognitive 
impairments,  or  if  there  was,  it  was  not  well  disseminated  among  the  pharmacist 
population. 

In  the  UK,  there  are  several  sources  of  guidance,  but  there  is  no  single  national 
policy  for  healthcare  professionals  on  managing  medications  for  patients  with 
cognitive  impairments.  Existing  guidelines,  such  as  those  from  the  Royal 
Pharmaceutical Society, emphasises  the need for pharmacists to provide person-
centred care tailored to the individual needs of patients. 

When patients are assessed, they are generally presumed to have capacity unless 
there  is  clear  evidence  of  cognitive  impairment.  All  healthcare  professionals  are 
expected to assess a patient's capacity, which can include evaluating their ability to 
retain  and  recall  information.  In  this  case,  there  was  no  information  indicating 
whether such an assessment had been conducted by any healthcare or social care 
professionals. 

We recognise that guidance documents alone are often insufficient. Lasting 
and  effective  change  requires  embedding  these  guidelines  within  contracts 
and regulations.  
We  will  therefore  inform  NHS  England’s  pharmacy  team  of  this  case  and 
request  that  they  consider  potential  changes  to  the  Community  Pharmacy 
Contractual Framework. 

6. Evidence was given at the inquest that dosette boxes of different colours or labels 
with  different  colours  were  not  routinely  given  to  elderly  or  cognitively  impaired 
patients living at the same address. 

There  are  several  different  brands  of  dosette  boxes  available  and  typically  a 
pharmacy will use one particular brand. The decision about whether such an aid is 
appropriate is made by the pharmacist, and we are unable to direct this choice. 

Dosette boxes are not always suitable or the only solution for supporting a patient 
in taking their medication. Although various types of dosette boxes are available 
for purchase by the public, there are only a limited number used within community 
pharmacy due to the requirement that dosettes used must enable fulfilment of the 
legal labelling requirements. These are not currently available in different colours 
or label colours. 

Bracknell Forest 

North East Hampshire  

Royal Borough of Windsor and Maidenhead 

Slough 

Surrey Heath and Farnham 
Farnham 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 In  response  to  the  coroner's  report,  we  have  taken  the  following  steps  to  address  the  concerns 
raised: 

Action: NHS Frimley recognises the seriousness of this tragic case and acknowledges that a similar 
situation could occur in any system. To address this and increase awareness, we organised a cross-
system meeting across the South-East region to discuss the issues raised in this report. This took 
place on 9 July 2024.  

From these discussions, it was agreed that the circumstances of this case need to be raised on a 
national level. We therefore will be writing to NHS England, about this case.  

This response is also being shared within the relevant system and regional groups, including our 
System Quality group and the Regional Quality Group. 

We believe these steps are essential for ensuring the safety and well-being of our residents and we 
sincerely hope  that  raising  awareness  of  this case  and  updating  local guidance  will  help prevent 
similar tragedies in the future. 

Thank you for bringing these matters to our attention. We hope this response demonstrates to you 
and Mrs. Chaddha’s family that NHS Frimley has taken the concerns you raised seriously. If you 
have any further questions regarding our response, please let me know. 

Yours sincerely, 

ICS Chief Pharmacist and Director of Medicines Optimisation  
NHS Frimley  
NHS Frimley Integrated Care Board 

Bracknell Forest 

North East Hampshire  

Royal Borough of Windsor and Maidenhead 

Slough 

Surrey Heath and Farnham 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Bracknell Forest 

North East Hampshire  

Royal Borough of Windsor and Maidenhead 

Slough 

Surrey Heath and Farnham 
Farnham
Response from Community Pharmacy England (PDF)
Private and Confidential

Katy Thorne KC
Assistant Coroner
Berkshire Coroner’s Office
Reading Town Hall
Blagrave Street
Reading RG1 1QH 

Dear Madam

26th July 2024

Regulation	28:	Berkshire	Coroner’s	Of(cid:976)ice	concerning	Mrs	Sewa	Kaur	Chaddha	(deceased)

Thank you for your report dated 2nd June 2024 on Mrs Chadda’s death and the concerns 

identified during the inquest. On behalf of Community Pharmacy England may I offer our sincere 

condolences to her family for her passing and the circumstances in which this occurred.

We represent community pharmacy businesses of all sizes in England and negotiate the NHS 

Community Pharmacy Contractual Framework (CPCF) with NHS England and the Department of 

Health and Social Care through which NHS community pharmacies in England provide 

pharmaceutical services, including the Essential Dispensing Service – dispensing of medicines to 

patients. We liaise with other national pharmacy bodies as appropriate.

Community pharmacies dispensing medicines should make reasonable adjustments as required 

by the Equality Act, to seek to ensure that all patients can take their dispensed medicines 

appropriately; and one reasonable adjustment is Multi-compartment compliance aids (MCAs) or 

‘dosette boxes’. The most recent and comprehensive guidance on MCAs is published by the 

Royal Pharmaceutical Society (RPS).

The RPS guidance indicates, amongst other matters, that MCAs are not a universal 

solution, there are other reasonable adjustments to consider; there is a professional 

decision to make on the suitability of an MCA and there are risks and benefits with 

MCAs. While benefits include helping a patient remember which medicines to take

14 Hosier Lane, London EC1A 9LQ
cpe.org.uk

Community Pharmacy England is the operating name
of the Pharmaceutical Services Negotiating Committee.

 and when to take them, for a better quality of life; risks include reducing a person’s knowledge, 

skill and understanding of medicines, and disempowering people if they can’t identify specific 

medicines in the compartment they want to take.

On the specific concerns raised:

Weekly and monthly MCA provision. The medicines prescribed on an (FP10) NHS prescription 

are dispensed in one go. For various reasons, including reducing medicines waste and additional 

funding to support the cost of the MCAs, pharmacies generally seek 7-day prescriptions for MDS 

provision (funding is per prescription so 4 x 7-day prescriptions = 4 x £1.27, receive 4 times more 

funding than 1 x 28 day prescription = 1 x £1.27). However, the prescriber determines the ‘period of 

treatment’ (e.g. 7 or 28 days). 

Both patients had cognitive impairment. This is relevant as indicated above, including the 

decision to dispense medicines in an MCA and the benefits and risks of using an MCA.

Remaining concerns including the evidence given at the inquest that MDSs of different 

colours or labels with different colours were not routinely given to elderly or cognitively 

impaired patients living at the same address. I am not aware of any explicit guidance or 

encouragement for pharmacists and pharmacies to do this, or explicit guidance for pharmacies 

to take additional steps (to the dispensing label) to avoid the potential for the tragic confusion 

that occurred in this case in this household. 

Our action. We will bring this concern – the need for different MCAs in one household to be very 

clearly identified in such a way that those with cognitive impairment remain safe and take their 

medicines - to the RPS and the Community Pharmacy Patient Safety Group (CPPSG), and ask 

each to consider additional guidance and/or information to be made available to pharmacies and 

pharmacists. We will also make community pharmacy owners we represent aware of this concern 

or specific risk, initially ourselves and subsequently if the RPS or CPPSG issues any advice or 

reports. We will seek to take these actions in the autumn of this year.

Yours sincerely

Director, Legal

Community Pharmacy England is the operating name
of the Pharmaceutical Services Negotiating Committee.

cpe.org.uk
Response from Community Pharmacy Thames Valley (PDF)
STRICTLY PRIVATE AND CONFIDENTIAL 
Katy Thorne KC 
Assistant Coroner for Berkshire 
Town Hall, Blagrave St,  
Reading,  
RG1 1QH 

24 July 2024 

Subject: Response to Matters of Concern 

Dear Katy Thorne, 

Re: Mrs Chaddha (deceased) Regulation 28 Preventing Future Deaths Response 

Thank you for your report dated 2nd June 2024, regarding the death of Mrs Chaddha and the 
concerns raised during her inquest, which concluded on 24th May 2024. On behalf of Thames 
Valley LPC, I would like to express our sympathy for her passing. 

In  response  to  your  report,  it  must  be  noted  that  the  LPC  represents  local  pharmacy 
contractors in the delivery of specific pharmacy services to patients living in our community, 
the dispensing of medication falls within a national pharmacy contract which  is agreed, and 
negotiated at a national level. 

With respect to this I have escalated the issues raised with Frimley ICB, who have delegated 
commissioning for the dispensing of medication, who in turn has raised this matter with NHS 
England. I have also conversed with our national body – Community Pharmacy England. 

We do feel it is important however, to ensure that learnings from this incident are shared with 
local  pharmacies,  and  I  have  asked  that  an  anonymised  case  study  be  used  to  raise 
awareness in the local pharmacy community. 

If there is any more information that you need please do not hesitate to contact us. 

Regards 

Chief Executive Officer 

35 High Street, Dorchester on Thames, Oxfordshire, OX10 7HN 
cptv.org.uk
Response from General Pharmaceutical Council (PDF)
Katy Thorne KC 
Assistant Coroner for the area of Berkshire  

By email via: 

24 July 2024 

Dear Katy Thorne KC   

Regulation 28 Report to Prevent Future Deaths: Sewa Kaur Chaddha 

Thank you for sending us your Regulation 28 report regarding the death of Sewa Kaur Chaddha. We are 
sorry to hear about this sad death and we would like to pass on our sincere condolences to Mrs 
Chaddha’s family.  

Thank you for sharing the circumstances of what happened and how Mrs Chaddha sadly used one of Mr 
Chaddha’s dosette boxes, rather than her own, for several days. You have highlighted that the inquest 
heard evidence that there was no guidance or policy in place for pharmacists to follow when issuing 
medication to patients with cognitive impairment, or if there was, it was not well disseminated. You also 
mention evidence at the inquest that dosette boxes of different colours or labels with different colours 
were not routinely given to elderly or cognitively impaired patients living at the same address.  

By way of background, the GPhC is the independent regulator for pharmacists, pharmacy technicians 
and registered pharmacies. Our role is to protect, promote and maintain the health, safety and 
wellbeing of members of the public by upholding standards and public trust in pharmacy. As part of this, 
we set regulatory standards for pharmacists, pharmacy technicians and registered pharmacies, which 
describe how safe and effective care is delivered through ‘person-centred’ professionalism and support 
the right environments for safe and effective care. 

We also produce supporting guidance to help pharmacy owners and pharmacy professionals to put the 
standards into practice. This includes our equality guidance, which is designed to help pharmacy owners 
improve the experience and healthcare outcomes of patients and members of the public using their 
pharmacy’s services. The guidance sets out examples taken from our GPhC Knowledge Hub and our 
pharmacy inspections work about how pharmacy teams are supporting patients with different needs, 
including cognitive and visual impairment. 

Linked to our equality, diversity and inclusion strategy, we have also published a series of equality 
insight articles. These are designed to support pharmacy teams to deliver person-centred and inclusive 

pharmacyregulation.org | info@pharmacyregulation.org |020 3713 8000 

 
 
 
 
 care that takes account of the diverse needs and cultural differences in the communities they serve. To 
share an example, we recently published information to the pharmacy profession about providing 
services to patients and their carers living with dementia, as an umbrella term for a range of over 200 
subtypes of progressive conditions that affect the brain and a person’s ability to remember, think and 
speak. Through this communication, we highlighted the following points about supporting patients who 
may need assistance with their medicines:  

•  The optimal method of supplying medicines is one that meets the person’s health and care 
needs and provides person-centred care with the ultimate aim of maintaining the person’s 
independence wherever possible. Pharmacy professionals should make reasonable adjustments 
to help people with conditions such as dementia take their medicines. 

•  There are a variety of ways to promote people’s independence including reminder charts, 

winged bottle caps, large print labels, alarms (such as notifications on mobile phones), tablet 
splitters and support from carers. 

•  Multi-compartment compliance aids (MCAs) – such as dosette boxes - are another option, but 
they may not always simplify how people with cognitive impairment take their medicines. The 
most appropriate option should be selected in partnership with the patient, their carer if they 
have one, and other healthcare providers involved in the care of the patient.  

•  The importance of pharmacy teams connecting with charities and patient groups for further 

information and support and signposting patients and carers to useful advice.  

We have also published good practice examples of what pharmacies are doing to support patients with 
cognitive impairment and progressive conditions such as developing toolkits for staff, collaborating with 
other local service providers to support patients showing early signs of progressive conditions, and 
developing services to meet the needs of patients.  

Finally, thank you for raising this matter with us and we will consider how we can continue to raise 
awareness of these important issues through our future communications and engagement with the 
wider pharmacy sector. We will also raise this issue with our colleagues at the professional and 
representative bodies for pharmacy as they also play an important role in providing advice and support 
to the pharmacy professions.  

Please don’t hesitate to contact us if you need anything further.  

Yours sincerely, 

Chief Executive & Registrar
Response from Mhra (PDF)
Dear 

,

Thank you for your email of 03 June and the attached Regulation 28 report.

We have reviewed the matters of concern and do not believe we are the right
organisation to take these matters forward. We are the medicines regulator, and our
approvals cover the placing of medicines onto the market, in their original packaging
and are designed to ensure the safety, quality and e(cid:431)icacy of medicines on the UK 
market.

However, the matters of concern relate to actions taken by a pharmacist during the
dispensing process, and we believe therefore they are better addressed to the
regulatory body for pharmacies and pharmacists, the General Pharmaceutical Council.
A link to their website and an email address for their enquiry team can be found below:

https://www.pharmacyregulation.org/

info@pharmacyregulation.org

We hope this information is helpful to you, please come back to us if you need anything
further.

Kind regards

MHRA Customer Experience Centre
Response from NHS Frimley ICB (PDF)
Headquarters
King Edward VII Hospital
St. Leonards Rd, 
Windsor 
SL4 3DP

Tel: 

Email: 

STRICTLY PRIVATE AND CONFIDENTIAL 

Katy Thorne KC 
Assistant Coroner for Berkshire 
Town Hall, Blagrave St,  
Reading,  
RG1 1QH 

20 July 2024 

Subject: Response to Matters of Concern 

Dear Ms. Thorne, 

Re: Mrs Sewa Kaur Chaddha (deceased) Regulation 28 Preventing Future Deaths Response 

Thank you for your report dated 2nd June 2024, regarding the death of Mrs. Sewa Kaur Chaddha 
and the concerns raised during her inquest, which concluded on 24th May 2024. On behalf of NHS 
Frimley  Integrated  Care  Board  (ICB),  I  would  like  to  express  our  sincere  condolences  to  Mrs. 
Chaddha’s family. We deeply regret the circumstances of her passing and appreciate you bringing 
these important issues to our attention. 

I am replying as the Chief Pharmacist for NHS Frimley, responsible for medicines optimisation and 
pharmacy  across  our  system.  While  we  recognise  our  duty  to  address  the  concerns  raised,  it  is 
important  to  note  that  community  pharmacies  and  other  healthcare  professionals  operate  as 
independent contractors under a national framework or contract, limiting our direct influence over 
their processes. 

Your  report  highlights  the  concern  about  the  lack  of  guidance  for  pharmacists  when  providing 
medications  in  dosette  boxes  to  patients  with  cognitive  impairments  who  may  need  additional 
support to take their medication safely. We are committed to addressing these issues to ensure the 
safety and well-being of all our residents. 

Our goal is to  learn  from  this case  and  take  meaningful steps  within  our remit  to  prevent  similar 
incidents in the future and share learning nationally. To thoroughly address the concerns raised, we 
shared  the  Prevention  of  Future  Death  Report  [REDACTED]  with  a  diverse  group  of  pharmacy 
stakeholders  across  the  South-East  region  to  help  the  ICB  respond  effectively  to  the  points  you 
raised. 

Bracknell Forest 

North East Hampshire  

Royal Borough of Windsor and Maidenhead 

Slough 

Surrey Heath and Farnham 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Below is a summary of the matters of concern outlined by the court and our response. 

1. The medications were provided to the couple by the local pharmacy, then known 
as Lloyds Pharmacy, in separate dosette boxes. Mrs. Chaddha’s medications were 
provided on a weekly basis. Mr. Chaddha’s were provided monthly  

The  clinical  need  of  the  individual  patient  is  determined  by  the  patients  General 
Practitioner which is used to determine the number of days’ supply of medication. 
As  such  this  can  mean  that  patients  in  the  same  household  may  be  supplied 
medication at different frequencies. 

2. Both patients were elderly and had cognitive impairment. 

The report mentioned that both patients had age-related cognitive impairment but 
did not include details of whether any assessment had taken place to establish the 
support required by Mr. or Mrs. Chaddha for their physical or cognitive needs by any 
health or social care organisation.  
Community  pharmacies  typically  have  access  to  patients'  medication  records  but 
will rarely receive any information about diagnoses or social care details. 

3. The two patients’ dosette boxes were identical to each other except for a small 
pharmacist’s label with small type with the relevant patient’s name. 

Where requested by patients, other healthcare professionals or relatives or where 
an issue is recognised, pharmacy contractors will under the Equality Act 2010 make 
reasonable  adjustments  to  support  individuals  to  take  their  medication  safely,  for 
example, by the provision of Medicines Compliance Aids (commonly referred to as 
dosette  boxes),  tick  charts  or  large  print  labels.  They  are  advised  to  assess  the 
patients’  needs  before  making  any  such  reasonable  adjustments  and  not  simply 
respond to the request of a patient, carer or other healthcare professional. It should 
be  noted  that  the  adjustment  should  be  reasonable  and  under  the Act  does  not 
include all possible solutions.  

As  a  result  of  this  case,  the  ICB  will  be  updating  local  resource  material  to 
remind  healthcare  professionals  of  the  importance  of  carrying  out  an 
assessment and will recommend that in doing so they consider other people 
in  the  home  that  may  also  have  additional  needs,  as  well  as  the  individual 
patient.  

4. Mrs. Chaddha used one of Mr. Chaddha’s dosette boxes, rather than her own, for 
several days. 

It remains unclear if Mr or Mrs. Chaddha had social care support that could have 
flagged issues earlier. 

Bracknell Forest 

North East Hampshire  

Royal Borough of Windsor and Maidenhead 

Slough 

Surrey Heath and Farnham 
Farnham 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 5. Evidence was given at the inquest that there was no guidance or policy in place 
for  pharmacists  to  follow  when  issuing  medication  to  patients  with  cognitive 
impairments,  or  if  there  was,  it  was  not  well  disseminated  among  the  pharmacist 
population. 

In  the  UK,  there  are  several  sources  of  guidance,  but  there  is  no  single  national 
policy  for  healthcare  professionals  on  managing  medications  for  patients  with 
cognitive  impairments.  Existing  guidelines,  such  as  those  from  the  Royal 
Pharmaceutical Society, emphasises  the need for pharmacists to provide person-
centred care tailored to the individual needs of patients. 

When patients are assessed, they are generally presumed to have capacity unless 
there  is  clear  evidence  of  cognitive  impairment.  All  healthcare  professionals  are 
expected to assess a patient's capacity, which can include evaluating their ability to 
retain  and  recall  information.  In  this  case,  there  was  no  information  indicating 
whether such an assessment had been conducted by any healthcare or social care 
professionals. 

We recognise that guidance documents alone are often insufficient. Lasting 
and  effective  change  requires  embedding  these  guidelines  within  contracts 
and regulations.  
We  will  therefore  inform  NHS  England’s  pharmacy  team  of  this  case  and 
request  that  they  consider  potential  changes  to  the  Community  Pharmacy 
Contractual Framework. 

6. Evidence was given at the inquest that dosette boxes of different colours or labels 
with  different  colours  were  not  routinely  given  to  elderly  or  cognitively  impaired 
patients living at the same address. 

There  are  several  different  brands  of  dosette  boxes  available  and  typically  a 
pharmacy will use one particular brand. The decision about whether such an aid is 
appropriate is made by the pharmacist, and we are unable to direct this choice. 

Dosette boxes are not always suitable or the only solution for supporting a patient 
in taking their medication. Although various types of dosette boxes are available 
for purchase by the public, there are only a limited number used within community 
pharmacy due to the requirement that dosettes used must enable fulfilment of the 
legal labelling requirements. These are not currently available in different colours 
or label colours. 

Bracknell Forest 

North East Hampshire  

Royal Borough of Windsor and Maidenhead 

Slough 

Surrey Heath and Farnham 
Farnham 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 In  response  to  the  coroner's  report,  we  have  taken  the  following  steps  to  address  the  concerns 
raised: 

Action: NHS Frimley recognises the seriousness of this tragic case and acknowledges that a similar 
situation could occur in any system. To address this and increase awareness, we organised a cross-
system meeting across the South-East region to discuss the issues raised in this report. This took 
place on 9 July 2024.  

From these discussions, it was agreed that the circumstances of this case need to be raised on a 
national level. We therefore will be writing to NHS England, about this case.  

This response is also being shared within the relevant system and regional groups, including our 
System Quality group and the Regional Quality Group. 

We believe these steps are essential for ensuring the safety and well-being of our residents and we 
sincerely hope  that  raising  awareness  of  this case  and  updating  local guidance  will  help prevent 
similar tragedies in the future. 

Thank you for bringing these matters to our attention. We hope this response demonstrates to you 
and Mrs. Chaddha’s family that NHS Frimley has taken the concerns you raised seriously. If you 
have any further questions regarding our response, please let me know. 

Yours sincerely, 

ICS Chief Pharmacist and Director of Medicines Optimisation  
NHS Frimley  
NHS Frimley Integrated Care Board 

Bracknell Forest 

North East Hampshire  

Royal Borough of Windsor and Maidenhead 

Slough 

Surrey Heath and Farnham 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Bracknell Forest 

North East Hampshire  

Royal Borough of Windsor and Maidenhead 

Slough 

Surrey Heath and Farnham 
Farnham
Response from National Pharmacy Association (PDF)
Katy Thorne KC 
His Majesty’s Assistant Coroner for Berkshire 
By email via: 

24th July 2024 

Dear Katy Thorne KC, 

Response to the Regulation 28 Report to prevent future deaths - After Inquest CHADDHA S K 10052023 

This is the National Pharmacy Association’s (NPA) response to your Regulation 28 report, dated 2nd June 
2024, following the tragic death of Mrs Sewa Kaur Chaddha on 10th May 2023.  

We are very saddened to hear about the death of Mrs Chaddha and I would like to express our deepest 
condolences to her family and friends.  

Our response is based on the information contained in the Regulation 28 report, as we were not an 
Interested Person or involved in the Inquest into the death of Mrs Chaddha. 

The NPA is a trade association and representative voice of independent community pharmacies across the 
United Kingdom, and a key provider of services to the pharmacy sector. The vast majority of the 
approximately 6,000 independent community pharmacies in the UK are NPA Members.  

Lloyds Pharmacy, who provided medication to Mrs Chaddha is not/was not an NPA Member. 

Matters of concern 
“Evidence was given at the inquest that there was no guidance or policy in place for Pharmacists to follow 
when issuing medication to patients with cognitive impairments, or if there was, it was not well disseminated 
among the pharmacist population.”  
“Evidence was given at the inquest that dosset boxes of different colours or labels with different colours were 
not routinely given to elderly or cognitively impaired patients living at the same address.” 

The NPA supports its Member pharmacies with advice, guidance and resources to help them to provide 
person-centred care in accordance with the pharmacy regulator’s, the General Pharmaceutical Council’s, 
standards. Our support includes guidance on equality, diversity and inclusion, monitored dosage systems 
(dosette boxes) and reasonable adjustments, including guidance on conducting patient assessments to help 
pharmacies determine how best to support patients with different needs including visual impairment, 
confusion and dementia, and signposting to information and support from the General Pharmaceutical 
Council. 

We will review our existing guidance and consider how we can refine it. We will consider how we can 
continue to further raise awareness of this issue with our Member pharmacies. In our role of Medication 
Safety Officer (MSO) for independent pharmacies, and a member of the sector-wide Patient Safety Group 
(which also includes representatives of corporate pharmacies), we will also raise this matter with the Group 
so that it can be considered by all MSOs across community pharmacy.  

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Thank you again for highlighting the matter of concern and giving us the opportunity to respond.  

Yours sincerely,  

Director of External and Corporate Affairs 
National Pharmacy Association
Response from Slough Pharmacy (PDF)
Wexham Road pharmacy

Dear Mr xxx,

We have recently been informed that you have tried to contact us regarding
an incident at the former Lloyds pharmacy branch on 10 Upton Lea
Parade, Slough, SL25JU.

We have taken over the business in July 2023 from lloydspharmacy.
Unfortunately, when purchasing we were not informed about the incident
and the subsequent processes going on.

We have only found out from the staff and would like to express our
regents.

We believe Lloyds pharmacy was operating under lloydspharmacy sops
when the incident took place. We as Slough pharmacy upon taking over
now use our own sops.

Upon finding out we have amended our processes further to ensure that
this does not happen again. We operate strict standard operating
procedures which involve each tray being removed from packaging and
double checked again with the patient.

We have further added to our sops, and now provide a different brand of
trays with totally different packaging to any households that involve more
than one person with trays.

We regularly review our process to ensure we are proving and safe service.

Many thanks
Response from Specialist Pharmacy Service (PDF)
Katy Thorne KC 
Assistant Coroner for the area of Berkshire 
Coronor’s Office 
Reading Town Hall 
Blagrave Street  
Reading  
RG1 1QH   

25TH July 2024  

Dear Ms Thorne  

Response of the NHS Specialist Pharmacy Service to the Regulation 28 Report dated 2 June 
2024 – Mrs Sewa Kaur Chaddha, who died on 10 May 2023 

Please find attached a paper which has been prepared in response to the Regulation 28 Report to 
Prevent Future Deaths (hereafter “Report”) dated 2 June 2024, concerning the death of Mrs Sewa Kaur 
Chaddha on 10 May 2023. 

We would like to express our condolences to Mrs Chaddha’s family and loved ones. We wish to assure 
the family and the coroner that the concerns raised have been listened to and reflected upon.  

Please do not hesitate to contact us should you require any clarification or further information. 

Yours sincerely  

Head of the Specialist Pharmacy Service  

1 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Response of the NHS Specialist Pharmacy Service to the Regulation 28 Report dated 2 June 
2024 – Mrs Sewa Kaur Chaddha, who died on 10 May 2023 

Purpose 

1.  The purpose of this paper is to outline:  

a.  the information currently available from the NHS Specialist Pharmacy Service (SPS) in the 

management of adherence and use of medicines compliance aids (including dosset boxes); and 

b.  suggested changes which may help to prevent future deaths. 

Matters of concern 

2.  The matters of concern listed within the Report are as follows: 

a.  The medications were provided to Mr and Mrs Chaddha by the local pharmacy, then known 
as Lloyds Pharmacy, in separate dosset boxes (a type of multi-compartment compliance 
aid). Mrs Chaddha’s medications were provided on a weekly basis. Mr Chaddha’s were 
provided monthly.  

b.  Both patients were elderly and had cognitive impairment.  
c.  The two patients’ dosset boxes were identical to each other except for a small pharmacy’s 

label with small type with the relevant patient’s name.  

d.  Mrs Chaddha used one of Mr Chaddha’s dosset boxes, rather than her own, for several 

days.  

e.  Evidence was given at the inquest that there was no guidance or policy in place for 

Pharmacists to follow when issuing medication to patients with cognitive impairments, or if 
there was, it was not well disseminated among the pharmacist population.  

f.  Evidence was given at the inquest that dosset boxes of different colours or labels with 

different colours were not routinely given to elderly or cognitively impaired patients living at 
the same address. 

3.  The matters of concern that we have identified with potential relevance to the NHS Specialist 

Pharmacy Service (SPS) are points (e) and (f) above. 

The NHS Specialist Pharmacy Service (SPS) 

4.  The NHS SPS is commissioned by NHS England to support pharmacists and other professionals 

across the NHS who are involved in all aspects of buying, making and using medicines. The service 
is delivered in line with the.Specialist-Pharmacy-Service-Specification-April-2022-March-2025-1.pdf 
(sps.nhs.uk) 

5.  We had two training resources available at the time of Mrs Chadda’s passing What products or 

interventions are available to aid medication adherence? April 2020 and Summary of Guidance and Evidence 
for use of Multicompartment Compliance Aids. 

2 

 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 6.  We subsequently published in December 2023 a further training resource series on Defining and 

understanding medication adherence (published on 20 December 2023), which covers the following 
aspects of adherence: 

Explaining how to use or take medicines: supporting adherence 

Reminding to take medicines: supporting adherence 

Complex medication regimens: supporting adherence 

Swallowing difficulties: supporting adherence 

Manual dexterity: supporting adherence 

Visual impairment: supporting adherence 

7.  The content of the series covers all alternatives which may be considered when helping to improve 

patient adherence. The use of multi-compartment compliance aids (MCAs) is just one of the 
possible approaches which may be considered, which we cover under Complex medication 
regimens: supporting adherence as detailed in Annex 1. This resource uses the example of an older 
person with cognitive impairment as someone who may benefit from a MCA. It also references the 
MCA pharmacy guide available via the Royal Pharmaceutical Society (professionals are required to 
become a member of the Royal Pharmaceutical Society to access this guide). 

8.  The SPS provides the MCA stability tool which describes the stability of medicines when supplied 
within a MCA. The information does not endorse the routine use of MCAs and advises the use of 
original packs and appropriate pharmaceutical support as the preferred option.   

9.  The SPS website provides information on responsibilities when using our advice and guidance, Using 

our advice – SPS - Specialist Pharmacy Service – The first stop for professional medicines advice, The  

10. including that professionals and practitioners remain professionally responsible and accountable for 
their own actions, and all decisions should consider the individual needs, preferences and values of 
patients. The specific information on the MCA stability tool is included below in Annex 2. 

11. During development of the MCA stability tool, the SPS spoke to several stakeholders involved with 
producing guidance in the broader area to ensure what we were doing was a good fit. The Royal 
Pharmaceutical Society has the most comprehensive guidance on the issue, although, as set out 
above, this only available to members (fee applicable). 

12. The labelling of dispensed medicines is within the remit of the regulator, the General 

Pharmaceutical Council, who has also been sent a copy of the Regulation 28 Report. The SPS 
does not provide information regarding the labelling of dispensed medicines. 

13. The SPS updates registered users of our website on a weekly basis via an emailed bulletin of any 

additions or changes.  

Suggested actions in response to the matters of concern    

14. The SPS will consider including additional wording to that in Annex 1, to recommend that medicines 
are clearly labelled for differentiation between household members, particularly for patients who are 
elderly and/or have cognitive impairment.    

15. The SPS will advocate for the information and guidance published by the Royal Pharmaceutical 

Society to be made available to non-members. 

3 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 Annex 1 – Extract from SPS training resource on medication adherence 

Multi-compartment compliance aids (MCAs) 

Multi-compartment compliance aids filled by pharmacists should not be used routinely. The risks of 
using MCAs are widely documented and their benefit in relation to medication adherence is 
unknown. Unless there is clear, explicit rationale for the use of MCAs, the default should be to 
supply medicines in their original packaging. 

A small number of patients may be eligible to have an MCA filled by a pharmacy. For example, an 
older person with mild cognitive impairment who has a complex but stable medication regimen and 
limited support from family and friends and no carer may benefit from an MCA. 

Different pharmacies provide various products and options should be discussed directly with the 
chosen provider if a patient is assessed as being in this group. 

Visit our Medicines in Compliance Aids Tool for stability recommendations for tablets and 
capsules. 

The Royal Pharmaceutical Society have published an MCA Pharmacy Guide. 

4 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 Annex 2 – Extract from SPS using our advice guidance 

MCA Stability Tool 

Our Medicines in Compliance Aids (MCA) stability tool gives recommendations on whether 
individual solid dose forms (tablets and capsules) can be transferred from the manufacturers’ 
original packaging for use in multi-compartment compliance aids (MCAs). Recommendations are 
based on: 

•  physico-chemical stability and characteristics of the medicine and its formulation(s) 
•  advice from manufacturers, where available 

Most entries are based on a lead brand with information extrapolated to generic products. Some 
medicines and dose forms are not included at all: for example, oral chemotherapy agents, since it 
is widely accepted that these medicines are not suitable for use in MCAs; and all effervescent or 
dispersible tablets, for the same reason. 

Our MCA stability information does not endorse the routine use of MCAs. For some patients, there 
may not be an alternative way to achieve safe medicine administration and the use of MCAs is 
likely to continue. However, as is covered in RPS guidance, the use of original packs and 
appropriate pharmaceutical support is the preferred option. 

5

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