Prevention of Future Deaths reports · 2025

Callum Hargreaves

Regulation 28 report to prevent future deaths, reference 2025-0261, written 28 May 2025. A coroner writes one of these when an inquest reveals a risk that could cause further deaths unless something changes.

Date of report28 May 2025
Reference2025-0261
DeceasedCallum Hargreaves
CoronerAndrew Cox
Coroner areaCornwall and Isles of Scilly
CategoryAlcohol, drug and medication related deaths · Suicide (from 2015) · Mental Health related deaths
Sourcejudiciary.uk record · original PDF
Responses published1

The report

Text extracted from the PDF text layer. Reproduced verbatim, including the scan's own layout.

Information Classification: CONTROLLED 

NOTE: This form is to be used after an inquest. 

REGULATION 28 REPORT TO PREVENT FUTURE DEATHS 

THIS REPORT IS BEING SENT TO: 

1. 

, Head of Housing Options, Cornwall Council 

1  CORONER 

I am Andrew Cox, the Senior Coroner for the coroner area of Cornwall 
and the Isles of Scilly. 

2  CORONER’S LEGAL POWERS 

I make this report under paragraph 7, Schedule 5, of the Coroners and 
Justice Act 2009 and regulations 28 and 29 of the Coroners 
(Investigations) Regulations 2013. 

3 

INVESTIGATION and INQUEST 
On 22/5/25, I concluded the inquest into the death of Callum James 
Hargreaves who died on 20/1/24 aged 32. 

I recorded the cause of death as 1a) Multiple Injuries. 

I recorded a conclusion that Callum died from suicide. 

4  CIRCUMSTANCES OF THE DEATH 

Callum was sexually assaulted as a child. In his adult years, he 
developed substance misuse/addiction issues and it is likely he presented 
with complex PTSD or EUPD. He lived in social housing at Silverdale 
Court in Newquay. From approximately 2020, there started to be 
concerns that Callum was being cuckooed. In 2023, following the receipt 
of safeguarding alerts, it became apparent substantial damage had been 
caused at the flat which was uninhabitable. Callum was sleeping rough 
elsewhere. Temporary accommodation was arranged in Roche and 
Wadebridge but Callum was not allowed to remain at the addresses after 
drug paraphernalia was discovered. Callum continued to sleep rough 
apart from a short period when he was housed by the local authority 
under a severe weather protocol. In early 2024, a Notice Seeking 
Possession of the flat at Silverdale Court was served on Callum.  
On 19/1/24, Callum was seen in a distressed state having been involved 
in an altercation and complaining that his medication had been stolen. He 
went to a cliff edge in Newquay. Police attended and eventually removed 
Callum from the cliff. He was taken to a place of safety by police and 
underwent a mental health act assessment. He was determined not to 

1

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Information Classification: CONTROLLED 

be presenting with a severe and enduring mental illness of a nature and 
degree to warrant detention in hospital. Further, by the end of the period 
of assessment Callum’s risk to himself was not felt to be sufficiently 
imminent or significant to justify short-term detention. 
Callum was discharged and provided with a taxi to take him back to his 
emergency accommodation. There was a discussion about whether 
Callum wanted members of his family informed of his discharge. Callum 
said that he did not and this decision was not tested or challenged. It was 
not felt appropriate to breach the duties of confidentiality owed to Callum 
in this regard. 
Callum’s body was recovered from the sea at a location known locally as 

 in Newquay on 20/1/24. He had 

suffered multiple injuries consistent with a fall from height. Additionally, 
post-mortem toxicology revealed evidence of cocaine metabolites, 
diazepam, mirtazapene, pregabalin, zopiclone and methadone. The 
methadone in particular was at a high level and sufficient to have caused 
death on its own. The pregabalin and zopiclone were also present at high 
levels. 
On the evidence, it is more likely than not that Callum has jumped or 
fallen from the cliffs with the intention of ending his own life. 

5  CORONER’S CONCERNS  

During the course of these inquests, the evidence has revealed matters 
giving rise to concern. In my opinion there is a risk that future deaths will 
occur unless action is taken. In the circumstances it is my statutory duty 
to report to you. 

The MATTERS OF CONCERN are as follows.   

1)  On the facts of this case, Callum had a social tenancy with 

Sanctuary Housing but it is recognised the Council will have 
professional relationships with a number of housing providers. 
Safeguarding alerts were raised that Callum was being cuckooed. 
There was then a ‘stand-off’ between Sanctuary and the Council 
as to who had responsibility for housing Callum. This was not 
resolved even though there were seven Safeguarding conferences 
held over half a year. It was felt by the Chair of the Safeguarding 
conferences that Callum had been failed and that the question of 
who was responsible for his accommodation should have been 
resolved much more quickly. Going forward, the Council may wish 
to reflect upon: 
-  How it would like social housing providers with whom it has 
professional relationships to resolve concerns about the 
cuckooing of tenants. A separate Preventing Future Deaths 
report has been written to Sanctuary in this regard (with a copy 
sent to the Council); 

-  How disagreements about who has responsibility for housing a 
cuckooed tenant who becomes effectively homeless may be 

2

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Information Classification: CONTROLLED 

resolved more rapidly; 

-  Council witnesses held conflicting views as to whether a social 
tenancy disqualified a tenant from making a homelessness 
application. It is for the Council to decide how to ensure a 
consistent approach is taken by its staff.  

 The situation generally is considered in greater detail at paragraphs 150-
160 of the attached judgement. 

6  ACTION SHOULD BE TAKEN 

In my opinion action should be taken to prevent future deaths and I 
believe you [AND/OR your organisation] have the power to take such 
action.  

7  YOUR RESPONSE 

You are under a duty to respond to this report within 56 days of the date 
of this report, namely by 24.7.25. I, the coroner, may extend the period. 

Your response must contain details of action taken or proposed to be 
taken, setting out the timetable for action. Otherwise, you must explain 
why no action is proposed. 

8  COPIES and PUBLICATION 

I have sent a copy of my report to the Chief Coroner and to the following 
Interested Persons: 

, mother 

- 
- 
-  Sanctuary Housing 
-  Cornwall Partnership Foundation Trust 

, father and step-mother 

I am also under a duty to send the Chief Coroner a copy of your 
response.  

The Chief Coroner may publish either or both in a complete or redacted 
or summary form. He may send a copy of this report to any person who 
he believes may find it useful or of interest. You may make 
representations to me, the coroner, at the time of your response, about 
the release or the publication of your response by the Chief Coroner. 

9 

[DATE]                                              [SIGNED BY CORONER] 

 28.5.25                                          

3

Responses

1 response published against this report on judiciary.uk. A response is a body's written reply to the coroner's concerns; publication is at the discretion of the Chief Coroner's office, so an absent response does not mean nobody replied.

Response from Conrwall Council Housing (PDF)
Mr Andrew Cox  
Senior Coroner for Cornwall and the Isles of Scilly 
Cornwall Coroners' Service 
Pydar House 
Pydar Street  
Truro  
TR1 1XU 

My ref: 
Date: 

18th July 2025 

Dear Mr Cox 

RESPONSE TO REGULATION 28 REPORT TO PREVENT FUTURE DEATHS –  
MR WARNER, HEAD OF HOUSING OPTIONS CORNWALL COUNCIL   

We  write  in  response  to  the  Regulation  28  report  (hereinafter  referred  to  as  the  “Report”  or 

“Reports”) provided to the Council ‘s Housing Options Service (hereinafter referred to as “Us”, “We”, 

“Our”) by the Senior Coroner on 28 May 2025 in relation to concerns raised following the inquest 

into the death of Callum Hargreaves. 

On behalf of Cornwall Council, and all those who personally attended the inquest, we would firstly 

wish to extend our sincere condolences to Callum’s family. Whilst it will in no way compensate for 

their  loss,  Callum’s  family  should  rest  assured  that  Cornwall  Council  remain  determined  to 

continually improve and develop the delivery of its services.  

We  are  grateful  for  the  observations  made  by  the  learned  Coroner  in  the  Reports,  which  have 

assisted us in our policy of continuing development and improvement. 

For the purposes of clarity, and insofar as they relate to the local authority, we have extracted the 

points raised by the learned Coroner in the Reports. These are as follows: 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 The Report 

“On the facts of this case, Callum had a social tenancy with Sanctuary Housing but it is recognised 

the Council will have professional relationships with a number of housing providers.  Safeguarding 

alerts were raised that Callum was being cuckooed.  There was then a ‘stand-off’ between Sanctuary 

and the Council as to who had responsibility for housing Callum. This was not resolved even though 

there  were  seven  Safeguarding  conferences  held  over  half  a  year.  It  was  felt  by  the  Chair  of  the 

Safeguarding conferences that Callum had been failed and that the question of who was responsible 

for his accommodation should have been resolved much more quickly. Going forward, the Council 

may wish to reflect upon:  

How it would like social housing providers with whom it has professional relationships to resolve 

concerns about the cuckooing of tenants…; 

How  disagreements  about  who  has  responsibility  for  housing  a  cuckooed  tenant  who  becomes 

effectively homeless may be resolved more rapidly;   

Council witnesses held conflicting views as to whether a social tenancy disqualified a tenant from 

making  a  homelessness  application.  It  is  for  the  Council  to  decide  how  to  ensure  a  consistent 

approach is taken by its staff.” 

The Concerns 

From the points raised above, and consideration of the Reports in totality, We understand that the 

learned Coroner seeks Our response to the following discrete concerns: 

Cornwall Council  |  Konsel Kernow 

New County Hall, Treyew Road Truro TR1 3AY  

E:  jon.warner@cornwall.gov.uk   |  T: 0300 1234 100 
www.cornwall.gov.uk 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 1. 

How  would  the  local  authority  like  social  housing  providers  with  whom  it  has  professional 

relationships to resolve concerns about the cuckooing of tenants? 

2. 

How  disagreements  about  who  has  responsibility  for  housing  a  cuckooed  tenant  who  becomes 

effectively homeless may be resolved more rapidly. 

3. 

How consistency in the determination of whether a social tenancy disqualified a tenant from making 

a homeless application may be achieved amongst staff. 

Action Taken and Our Response 

1.  While we cannot dictate what individual providers do operationally in terms of their own policy, we 

are in a position to promote and encourage the adoption of a unified understanding of cuckooing 

and, if possible, reach consensus in the following key areas; 

Where  a  social  housing  provider  has  concerns  of  suspected  cuckooing,  they  engage  as  early  as 

possible  with  partners  (police,  ASB,  social  care,  Housing  Options)  by  way  of  a  multi-disciplinary 

meeting to reach agreement on cuckooing being a potential cause of harm or homelessness.  

Following  this  and  with  the  engagement  of  the  alleged  victim,  we  would  expect  the  following 

options to be considered (and documented) to resolve the concerns: 

a.  Working  closely  with  the  police  and  the  Council's  ASB  and  Housing  Options  Teams,  explore  the 

potential  for  the  obtainment  of  partial  or  complete  closure  of  the  demise  and/or  injunctions  to 

exclude offenders from property. 

Cornwall Council  |  Konsel Kernow 

New County Hall, Treyew Road Truro TR1 3AY  

E:  jon.warner@cornwall.gov.uk   |  T: 0300 1234 100 
www.cornwall.gov.uk 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 b.  The provision of an appropriate level of support to the resident in order to sustain the tenancy and 

live safely. 

c.  Managed  moves  and  relocation  within  their  own  housing  stock  when  a  resident  is  not  able  to 

continue to live safely in a property.  

d.  Whether any contiguous legal duty to provide emergency accommodation, on an interim basis or 

otherwise, exists.  

In addition to the above, We have tabled this PFDO for the next Home Choice Partnership (Social 

Housing  providers  operating  in  Cornwall)  meeting  on  the  16th  of  July  2025  to  discuss  these 

recommendations and track ongoing actions through this forum.  

2.  An escalation of Callum’s situation following the safeguarding/MDT meetings did not occur. Had the 

difficulties encountered triggered an escalation, then there may have been further opportunities to 

explore and potentially resolve the housing issue.  

In order to ensure this, managers and supervisors will be directed to the Council's ‘Escalation of 

Professional  Differences  Procedure  and  Guidance’  (-  cios_sab-escalation-procedure-october-

2020.pdf). This document provides clear guidance on steps to resolve professional differences and 

strategic steps for the escalation of concerns.  

By  August  of  2025,  all  managers  and  supervisors  will  be  able  to  demonstrate  a  thorough 

understanding of this document, its intended effect and its application.  

Furthermore, it is accepted that Callum’s individual case was not sufficiently highlighted through 

caseworker  supervision.  In  light  of  this,  we  are  currently  reviewing  the  framework  under  which 

Cornwall Council  |  Konsel Kernow 

New County Hall, Treyew Road Truro TR1 3AY  

E:  jon.warner@cornwall.gov.uk   |  T: 0300 1234 100 
www.cornwall.gov.uk 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 caseworker supervisions take place to ensure that the highest levels of consistency and uniformity 

are maintained. We expect this review to be completed by the 31st of October 2025.   

We believe that the above steps will address the concerns raised by the learned Coroner.  

3.  We accept that an opportunity to open a case based on existing homelessness triggers under Part 7 

of the Housing Act 1996 existed and that this could have been explored further. Of relevance to this 

matter was the fact that Callum had a tenancy. The question (and test) then of whether ‘…it [is] 

reasonable to occupy..’ should have been considered and applied following any concerns of alleged 

disrepair and suspected cuckooing.  If the threshold for priority need was also met, then an offer of 

interim accommodation under s188 duty would be triggered. 

Accordingly, a Housing Options ‘all staff briefing’ has been held (June 2025) to reflect upon Callum’s 

specific case and highlight the importance of applying the correct homelessness test and whether 

the s.188 duty had been triggered. This will be supplemented by robust case worker supervision to 

ensure that the correct legal tests and thresholds are applied in each and every case.  

All  staff  to  have  access  to,  and be  required to  read  and understand, the  ‘Homelessness  Code  of 

Guidance’.  This  will  be  referred  to  in  case  worker  supervision  to  ensure  compliance  and 

understanding.  

We will also implement a Quality Assurance Framework to ensure expertise and legal compliance. 

This will be achieved through a combination of rigorous induction training, continual professional 

development and continual case sampling. Once approved through internal governance, we expect 

this to be in place by 1st December 2025.  

Further considerations 

Cornwall Council  |  Konsel Kernow 

New County Hall, Treyew Road Truro TR1 3AY  

E:  jon.warner@cornwall.gov.uk   |  T: 0300 1234 100 
www.cornwall.gov.uk 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 In addition to the above, we considered the situation (as set out between paragraphs 150-160 of 

the judgement) generally so as to ascertain where improvements might be made.  

In order for employees to better understand the nature of cuckooing and thereby be better placed 

to  identify  and  respond  appropriately,  Housing  Options  staff  have  completed  e-learning  training 

provided by Shelter on ‘cuckooing’. This will now form part of the training framework. This training 

will be completed on a bi-annual basis to ensure the knowledge is retained and current and will be 

mandatory for all new starters with Housing Options. It will be a requirement that this training be 

completed within the six-month probationary period for new starters. 

A subject matter expert (e.g. an ASB Officer) will be invited to speak at the next Housing Options 

staff away day.   

Closing Comments 

We trust the above has sufficiently addressed the concerns of the learned Coroner as articulated in 

the Report and sets out sufficiently the steps the local authority intends to take and the timetable 

for doing so.  

Finally, we would like to take the opportunity to thank you for highlighting these matters of concern 

and for the opportunity to respond. We would like to provide an assurance to Callum’s family that 

the findings of the learned Coroner will be positively acted upon and that the local authority will 

continue to work to improve practices to support the residents of Cornwall. 

Yours sincerely,  

Cornwall Council  |  Konsel Kernow 

New County Hall, Treyew Road Truro TR1 3AY  

E:  jon.warner@cornwall.gov.uk   |  T: 0300 1234 100 
www.cornwall.gov.uk 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Head of Housing Options  

Cornwall Council 
New County Hall, Treyew Road, Truro TR1 3AY 
www.cornwall.gov.uk 

Cornwall Council  |  Konsel Kernow 

New County Hall, Treyew Road Truro TR1 3AY  

E:  jon.warner@cornwall.gov.uk   |  T: 0300 1234 100 
www.cornwall.gov.uk

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