Prevention of Future Deaths reports · 2026

Jardine Williams

Regulation 28 report to prevent future deaths, reference 2026-0174, written 16 Mar 2026. A coroner writes one of these when an inquest reveals a risk that could cause further deaths unless something changes.

Date of report16 Mar 2026
Reference2026-0174
DeceasedJardine Williams
CoronerAndrew Cousins
Coroner areaCumbria
CategoryMental Health related deaths
Sourcejudiciary.uk record · original PDF
Responses published1

The report

Text extracted from the PDF text layer. Reproduced verbatim, including the scan's own layout.

MR ANDREW COUSINS
HM ASSISTANT CORONER

County of Cumbria

Allerdale House
New Bridge Road
Workington, CA14 3YJ

REGULATION 28 REPORT TO PREVENT FUTURE DEATHS

JARDINE WILLIAMS

THIS REPORT IS BEING SENT TO:

Northwest Ambulance Service, Ladybridge Hall HQ, Chorley New Road, Bolton,
BL1 5DD

1

CORONER

I am Mr Andrew Cousins HM Assistant Coroner for the County of Cumbria

2

CORONER’S LEGAL POWERS

I make this report under paragraph 7, Schedule 5, of the Coroners and Justice Act

2009 and regulations 28 and 29 of the Coroners (Investigations) Regulations 2013:

https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2009/25/contents

http://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2013/1629/contents

3

INVESTIGATION and INQUEST

On 12 and 13 March 2026, I heard the inquest in the death of Miss Jardine Williams,

aged 29 years, at the time of her death on 24 March 2025. The investigation concluded

at the end of the inquest, where I returned a narrative conclusion, and found the cause

of death to be 1(a) Hanging.

4

CIRCUMSTANCES OF THE DEATH

I found that Jardine Williams resided at Flat 2 Harraby Green Hall, Harraby Green Road,

Carlisle, Cumbria. Miss Williams was employed as a mental health nurse at Cumbria,

Northumberland, Tyne and Wear NHS Foundation Trust.

 Miss  Williams  had  been  experiencing  a  period  of  mental  ill  health,  which  had  been

exacerbated following the witnessing of an extremely traumatic incident at her place

of work. Miss Williams had sought medical treatment for her mental health condition.

At 17.16 hours on 24 March 2025, Miss Williams made a 999 call which was answered

by  the  Northwest  Ambulance  Service.  In  this  call  Miss  Williams  confirmed  she  had

been experiencing worsening mental health problems and had suicidal thoughts, as

well as a plan and an intention to carry out that plan. The 999 call was categorised as a

category 3 call, with a planned response time of 120 minutes.

The 999 call was passed to Cumbria Health on Call (CHOC) and came into the CHOC

system at 17.40 hours. CHOC attempted to contact Miss Wiliams on four occasions

between 18.14 hours and 18.54 hours without success.

At  20.58  hours  on  24  March  2025,  an  ambulance  from  the  Northwest  Ambulance

Service arrived at Flat 2 Harraby Green Hall, Harraby Green Road, Carlisle, Cumbria

and found that Miss Williams 

deliberate act, her intent cannot be determined on the balance of probabilities.

  Whilst  Miss  Williams  died  as  a  result  of  a

It is not possible to determine, on the balance of probabilities, if earlier attendance by

the Northwest Ambulance Service at Flat 2 Harraby Green Hall, would have altered this

outcome.

5

CORONER’S CONCERNS

During the course of the inquest the evidence revealed a matter giving rise to concern.

In my opinion there is a risk that future deaths will occur unless action is taken. In the

circumstances it is my statutory duty to report to you. The MATTERS OF CONCERN are

as follows. As outlined above, I heard evidence that Miss Williams had made a 999 call

which had been answered by the Northwest Ambulance Service (‘NWAS’) who, in turn

passed the information to CHOC.

(1)

I found that the flow of information and communication between NWAS and

CHOC  was  unclear  and  at times  appeared  to  be  confused.  The  information

passed to CHOC at the outset, following the 999 call, appeared to be limited

and  may  not  have provided the  receiving handler  with the full picture  of  the

situation. I was concerned that full and accurate information was therefore not

passing between NWAS and CHOC.

 (2) Thereafter between 18.14 and 18.54 hours, 4 attempts were made by CHOC to

call Miss Williams, but no successful contact was made. At 19.48 hours NWAS

called CHOC for an update regarding Miss Williams. I heard evidence that as

per the agreed procedure, a third and final attempt at contact would be made.

By this stage however four unsuccessful attempts had already been made to

contact Miss Williams,  and the third attempt to contact her had been made at

18.25hours.  I  considered  that  the  flow  of  information  between  CHOC  and

NWAS appeared to have confused on this issue.

At 20.43 hours a further call was made to CHOC from NWAS for an update on

the  case,  and  again  it  was  confirmed  that  no  successful  contact  had  been

made  with  Miss  Williams.  Therefore,  the  call  was  taken  back  by  NWAS

approximately  2  hours 18  minutes after the  third  unsuccessful  attempt  was

made  to  contact  Miss  Williams.  Thereafter,  an  ambulance  attended  Flat  2

Harraby Green Hall at 20.58 hours.

I did not find that there was a causative link between the call not being returned

to NWAS after the third unsuccessful attempt to contact Miss Williams, and

the  eventual  outcome.  I  was concerned that, in terms of  the  procedure,  the

call should have been returned by CHOC to NWAS after the third failed attempt

to contact Miss Williams at 18.25 hours, but that the call was not returned to

NWAS by CHOC until 20.43 hours.

6

ACTION SHOULD BE TAKEN

In my opinion action should be taken to prevent future deaths and I believe that

Northwest Ambulance Service

has the power to take such action.

7

YOUR RESPONSE

You are under a duty to respond to this report within 56 days of the date of this report,

namely by 11 May 2026.

I, the Coroner, may extend the period.

 Your response must contain details of action taken or proposed to be taken, setting

out the timetable for action. Otherwise, you must explain why no action is proposed.

8

COPIES and PUBLICATION

I have sent a copy of my report to the Chief Coroner and to the following Interested

Persons:

Cumbria, Northumberland, Tyne and Wear NHS Foundation Trust

I have also sent a copy to:

DAC Beachcroft – legal representative for CNTW

I am also under a duty to send the Chief Coroner a copy of your response.

The Chief Coroner may publish either or both in a complete or redacted or summary

form. She may send a copy of this report to any person who he believes may find it

useful or of interest. You may make representations to me, the Coroner, at the time

of your response, about the release or the publication of your response by the Chief

Coroner.

9

Dated this 16 day of March 2026

Mr Andrew Cousins LLM MRes
HM Assistant Coroner
County of Cumbria

Responses

1 response published against this report on judiciary.uk. A response is a body's written reply to the coroner's concerns; publication is at the discretion of the Chief Coroner's office, so an absent response does not mean nobody replied.

Response from Northwest Ambulance Service
Mr Andrew Cousins 
His Majesty’s Assistant Coroner  
Cumbria Coroners Court  
By Email Only  

14 May 2026  

LADYBRIDGE HALL 

399 Chorley New Road 
Bolton 
BL1 5DD 

nwas.nhs.uk 

Dear Mr Cousins 
Regulation 28 Report – Inquest Touching the Death of Jardine Williams 

 March 2026, which was issued to North 
I write further to your Prevention of Future Deaths Report dated 16
West Ambulance Service (“NWAS”) following the conclusion of the inquest touching the death of Miss Jardine 
Williams.  

th

I am aware that you will share my response with Miss Williams’ family, and I firstly wish to express my sincere 
condolences to them. NWAS’ core purpose is to save lives, prevent harm and provide services which optimise 
the likelihood of positive patient outcomes.  

Through the Regulation 28 report, you have requested that NWAS considers your matters of concern and have 
suggested that action is taken to prevent future deaths occurring in the future. Within this letter, I will address 
those concerns raised as far as I am able.  
Concern 1: You found that “the flow of information and communication between NWAS and CHOC was 
unclear and at times appeared to be confused. The information passed to CHOC at the outset, following 
the 999 call, appeared  to be  limited and may  not have  provided the  receiving handler with the full 
picture  of  the  situation”.  You  were  concerned  that  full  and  accurate  information  was  therefore  not 
passing between NWAS and CHOC. 

As  acknowledged  by  the  NWAS  Service  Delivery  Manager  during  the  inquest,  and  reiterated  here  for  the 
purposes of this response, the initial transfer of Ms Williams’ call by NWAS to Cumbria Health On Call (CHOC) 
should not have occurred as the NHS pathways triage indicated a risk of suicide, which is an exclusion to CHOC 
triaging the call. 

 March 2025. The call was passed to CHOC, 
The call was made by Ms Williams to NWAS at 17:16hrs on 24
albeit in error, at 17:40hrs via the Interoperability Toolkit (ITK), which is a method of electronic referral. The 
transfer  of  information  via  ITK  relies  on  the  NWAS  clinician  selecting  what  they  consider  relevant  for  the 
receiving provider. As a result, it does not enable full transfer of the assessment or all associated information. 

th

It is acknowledged that additional details were recorded during the call which, if shared, would have provided 
further clarity and context. However, ITK does not support the transmission of complete clinical notes from 
the  999  call.  Booking  and  Referral  Standard  (BaRS)  is  an  alternative  software  solution  which  offers  this 
functionality and is used between NWAS and the Greater Manchester Clinical Assessment Service (GMCAS). 
Headquarters:

Ladybridge Hall, 399 Chorley New Road, Bolton BL1 5DD

Delivering the right care, 
at the right time, 
in the right place; 
every time.

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 The BaRS connection between NWAS and the GMCAS was implemented as part of a user case and test of change 
for  NHS  England,  however,  BaRS  is  not  yet  universally  standardised  across  all  providers.  ITK  remains  the 
current national interoperability standard. BaRS is expected to replace ITK as the national standard; however, 
this transition is being directed at a national level, and there is no confirmed implementation date at this time. 
As such, all systems continue to operate under the existing ITK requirements until formal national instruction 
is issued. 
Concern 2: You state “thereafter between 18:14 and 18:54 hours, 4 attempts were made by CHOC to 
call Miss Williams, but no successful contact was made. At 19:48hrs, NWAS called CHOC for an update 
regarding Miss Williams. I heard evidence that as per the agreed procedure, a third and final attempt 
at contact would be made. By this stage however four unsuccessful attempts had already been made 
to  contact  Miss  Williams,  and  the  third  attempt  to  contact  her  had  been  made  at  18:25hrs”.  You 
considered that the flow of information between CHOC and NWAS appeared to have confused the issue. 

The call from Ms Williams to NWAS was correctly categorised as a Category 3  at 17:20 and reviewed by a 
senior  clinician  at  17:32,  within  the  15-minute  target  time  for  clinical  review.  Although  erroneously 
transferred, the agreement in place between NWAS and CHOC states that upon receipt of a referral, CHOC are 
to contact the patient to conduct their own triage. Should the patient not answer the telephone, a further two 
attempts should be made, following which the call should be passed back to NWAS. In line with our respective 
responsibilities, NWAS called CHOC for an update at 19:45 and were informed by the CHOC call handler that 
only two attempts had been made to contact Miss Williams and a third attempt would be made prior to CHOC 
passing the incident back to NWAS. CHOC confirmed in their evidence, dealt with at inquest under Rule 23 of 
the Coroners (Inquests) Rules 2013, that between 18:14 and 18:54 hours, they had made four attempts to 
contact Ms Williams, each without success. The information provided to NWAS on this occasion was therefore 
incorrect. At 20:43, NWAS chased CHOC again and were informed a third call had been made with no answer 
and the CHOC clinician requested a Category 3 ambulance. The ambulance arrived on scene at 20:58, and after 
obtaining access with the assistance of the fire service, Ms Williams was sadly found to be deceased at 21:25. 

Since this inquest, NWAS’ Mental Health Liaison Lead contacted CHOC to review the incident collectively. This 
review  was  undertaken  with  CHOC’s  Medical  Director  and  Digital  Operations/Programme  Manager.  CHOC 
have  acknowledged  the  evidence  already  provided  by  NWAS  that  the  incident  should  not  have  been 
transferred to CHOC due to the identified risk of suicide and that the information provided on this occasion 
ought to have contained more context. It was also acknowledged by CHOC that, as the incident was categorised 
as a Category 3 response, it should have been returned by CHOC following the third unsuccessful attempt to 
make contact, which did not occur.  

NWAS  and  CHOC  work  closely  in  partnership  and  place  significant  emphasis  on  effective  communication 
between  our  organisations.  Call  pathways  and  incidents  are  routinely  reviewed  to  maintain  a  strong 
governance  framework  and  to  support  ongoing  service  improvement.  The  continued  collaborative 
communication  and  incident  review  processes  between  NWAS  and  CHOC  demonstrates  our  shared 
commitment to delivering the highest standards of care and to learning from all available opportunities. 

I am sorry that you felt it necessary to issue a Prevention of Future Deaths Report to NWAS. If you require any 
further clarification or information, please do not hesitate to contact the Trust’s Deputy Director of Corporate 
Affairs, Emma Shiner.  

Yours sincerely 

Chief Executive

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