Prevention of Future Deaths reports · 2026

Tung Tran

Regulation 28 report to prevent future deaths, reference 2026-0259, written 11 May 2026. A coroner writes one of these when an inquest reveals a risk that could cause further deaths unless something changes.

Date of report11 May 2026
Reference2026-0259
DeceasedTung Tran
CoronerR Brittain
Coroner areaInner North London
Sourcejudiciary.uk record
Responses published1

The report

Text extracted from the PDF text layer. Reproduced verbatim, including the scan's own layout.

REPORT TO PREVENT FUTURE DEATHS 
REGULATION 28 OF THE CORONERS (INVESTIGATIONS) REGULATIONS 
2013 

1.  CORONER 

I am Richard Brittain, Assistant Coroner, for the coroner area of Inner London 
North. 

2.   DATE OF REPORT 
11 May 2026 

3.  CORONER’S LEGAL POWERS 

I make this report under paragraph 7, Schedule 5, of the Coroners and Justice 
Act 2009 and regulations 28 and 29 of the Coroners (Investigations) 
Regulations 2013. 

3.  THIS REPORT IS BEING SENT TO 

1. The chair of the British Viral Hepatitis Group, British Association for the 
Study of the Liver (BASL) 
2. Director of Public Health Programmes, UK Health Security Agency (UKHSA) 

You are under a duty to respond to this report within 56 days of the date of this 
report, namely by 6 July 2026. I, the coroner, may extend the period if an 
appropriate application is made. 

4.   YOUR RESPONSE 

Your response must contain details of action taken or proposed to be taken, 
setting out the timetable for action. Otherwise, you must explain why no action 
is proposed. 

I have a duty to send a copy of your response to the Chief Coroner. 

In accordance with the Chief Coroner’s Publication Policy, you should send me 
any representations regarding publication of your response. These 
representations should be made at the same time as the response is provided. 
I will pass any representations received to the Chief Coroner for a decision. 

Please note any links to webpages included in the response will not be 
checked for sensitive information prior to publication, as the information is 
already online. 

The names of those who do not respond to PFD reports are regularly 
published on the Chief Coroner’s webpages Non-responses to Prevention of 
Future Death (PFD) reports - Courts and Tribunals Judiciary. 

5.  SUMMARY OF CORONER’S CONCERN 

Having heard evidence relating to Mr Tran’s death, I am concerned that: 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 1.  There is a lack of national guidance regarding which services should be 
responsible for the monitoring and prescribing in relation to hepatitis B 
reactivation prevention; 

2.  There is a large population of patients who are found to have hepatitis B 

infection through opt-out screening in Emergency Departments but there 
is a lack of specialised commissioning to maintain subsequent 
engagement with services. I heard that this differs from the position with 
regards to hepatitis C and HIV services, even though these patient 
populations are smaller. 

6.  ACTION SHOULD BE TAKEN 

In my opinion unless action is taken to address the above concerns then there 
is a significant risk of future deaths and I believe each of you have the power 
to take such action. 

7. 

INVESTIGATION AND INQUEST 
On 2/10/25, an investigation was commenced into the death of Tung Thanh 
Tran, aged 41 years. I heard the subsequent inquest on 13/3/26. 

The medical cause of death was determined to be:  

1.a. Acute liver failure 
1.b. Sepsis (unknown source) 
1.c. Hepatitis B reactivation owing to cessation of medication 

2. Immunosuppression for renal transplantation  

Mr Tran died at Royal Free Hospital, London on 12/9/25 

Inquest Conclusion 
Mr Tran died of complications arising from reactivation of a viral illness, which 
arose from inadvertent discontinuation of necessary medical treatment.  

8.  CIRCUMSTANCES OF DEATH 

Mr Tran had a background history of renal transplant in 2013 and was 
diagnosed with chronic hepatitis B as part of this process. After a period of 
disengagement from services, Mr Tran was discharged from hepatology but 
continued to receive viral reactivation prophylaxis (Entecavir) from renal 
transplant services.  

Supply of medication changed to home delivery in early 2025 but the Entecavir 
was inadvertently discontinued, as there was a presumption that hepatology 
would continue to prescribe this. Mr Tran appears to have understood this to 
have been an intentional change of his medication.  

He attended his local hospital in August 2025 with signs of acute liver disease 
from reactivation of hepatitis B and was transferred to the Royal Free Hospital. 
He was too unwell to be considered for liver transplant and sadly died on 12 
September 2025.  

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 9.  CORONER’S CONCERNS 

During the course of the inquest I heard evidence giving rise to concern. In my 
opinion there is a risk that future deaths could occur unless action is taken. In 
the circumstances it is my statutory duty to report to you. 

The MATTERS OF CONCERN are as follows: 

1.  There is a lack of national guidance regarding which services should be 
responsible for the monitoring and prescribing in relation to hepatitis B 
reactivation prevention; (concern directed to BASL) 

2.  There is a large population of patients who are found to have hepatitis B 

infection through opt-out screening in Emergency Departments but there 
is a lack of specialised commissioning to maintain subsequent 
engagement with services. I heard that this differs from the position with 
regards to hepatitis C and HIV services, even though these patient 
populations are smaller (concern directed to UKHSA) 

10.  COPIES AND PUBLICATION OF THIS REPORT 

I have a duty to send a copy of my report to every Interested Person who in 
my opinion should receive it. 

I also may send a copy of the report to any other person who I believe may 
find it useful or of interest. 

I can confirm I have sent the report to: 

1. Mr Tran’s family 
2. The Royal Free Hospital 

I also have a duty to send a copy of the report to the Chief Coroner. 

You may make representations to me, the coroner, about the publication of the 
contents of this report in line with Chief Coroner’s PFD Publication Policy 
(2026). Any representations will be sent to the Chief Coroner alongside the 
report. Please refer to box 4 above for additional information relating to the 
publication of reports and responses. 

SIGNATURE

Responses

1 response published against this report on judiciary.uk. A response is a body's written reply to the coroner's concerns; publication is at the discretion of the Chief Coroner's office, so an absent response does not mean nobody replied.

Response from British Association for the Study of the Liver
The British Association for the Study of the Liver (BASL) 
Secretariat Office c/o Executive Business Support Ltd 
Stowe House, St Chad’s Road, Lichfield, Staffordshire WS13 6TJ 

          The British Association for the Study of the Liver  
             Stowe House 
          St Chad’s Road 
       Lichfield 
             Staffordshire 
                   WS13 6TJ 

6th July 2026 

Mr Richard Brittain 
Assistant Coroner, for the coroner area of Inner London North 
London Borough of Camden 
5 Pancras Square 
London N1C 4AG 
Sent by email 

Dear Mr Brittain, 

Re: Prevention of Future Deaths Report 

The British Viral Hepatitis Group (BVHG) is a sub-group of the British Association for the Study of the 
Liver  (BASL).  BASL  is  a  charitable  specialist  society  dedicated  to  advancing  knowledge  and 
understanding of liver diseases and to the optimal care of patients with those diseases.  These aims 
are  principally  achieved  through  dissemination  of  research  and  sharing  of  clinical  expertise  and 
through the promotion of opportunities for collaboration in liver research.  BASL does not lead the 
development or publication of clinical guidelines.  

There  are  two  groups of  patients  requiring  antiviral  therapy  when  undergoing  immunosuppressive 
treatment:   

•  The first is those patients with a diagnosis of chronic hepatitis B (CHB) defined by the 

presence of a positive hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) on two occasions 6 months apart.  
These CHB patients are usually managed in specialist hepatology services and the 
responsibility of monitoring and prescribing lies with these services.   

•  The second group is those patients who are HBsAg negative but hepatitis B core antibody 
(HBcAb) positive.  These patients are at risk of hepatitis B reactivation in the setting of 
immunosuppressive treatment.  There are many different specialties who prescribe 
immunosuppressive regimens, including (but not limited to) haematology, oncology, and 
non-liver organ transplant services.   Guidance regarding the need for antiviral therapy for 
such patients is provided by the relevant specialist societies and frequently also in local NHS 
Trust guidance.  There is variation between NHS Trusts as to whether this monitoring and 
prescribing is delivered by the treating team or whether specialist hepatology services are 
involved. 

Limited Company No: 5017662.   Registered Charity No: 1106320 

 
 
 
 
 
 
                
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 The British Association for the Study of the Liver (BASL) 
Secretariat Office c/o Executive Business Support Ltd 
Stowe House, St Chad’s Road, Lichfield, Staffordshire WS13 6TJ 

• 

In line with the educational role of BASL and BVHG we have previously and will again 
incorporate the risks of hepatitis B reactivation and its prevention and management into our 
webinar and conference programmes in this coming year.  We will use this forum to highlight 
the risks of gaps in monitoring and prescribing of antiviral treatment for participants to take 
back to their local services. 

Additionally, we will continue to highlight the role of health inequalities and access to care that also 
appears to have impacted the outcome in this case as we recognise these as being major issues for 
people living with viral hepatitis infections more widely. 

Yours sincerely, 

BASL President   

Limited Company No: 5017662.   Registered Charity No: 1106320

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