Prevention of Future Deaths reports · 2015

Jason Houghton

Regulation 28 report to prevent future deaths, reference 2015-0127, written 30 Mar 2015. A coroner writes one of these when an inquest reveals a risk that could cause further deaths unless something changes.

Date of report30 Mar 2015
Reference2015-0127
DeceasedJason Houghton
CoronerAlan Walsh
Coroner areaManchester (West)
CategoryProduct related deaths
Organisation namedCentral Manchester University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust · Boroughs Partnership NHS Foundation Trust
Sourcejudiciary.uk record · original PDF
Responses published1

The report

Text recovered by OCR from a scanned PDF. OCR is imperfect: check anything you rely on against the source PDF. Reproduced verbatim, including the scan's own layout.

REGULATION 28: REPORT TO PREVENT FUTURE DEATHS (1)

NOTE: This form is to be used after an inquest.

REGULATION 28 REPORT TO PREVENT FUTURE DEATHS
THIS REPORT IS BEING SENT TO:

1. The Right Honourable Theresa May, Home Secretary, The Home Office,
2 Marsham Street, London, SW1P 4DF

CORONER

Iam Alan Peter Walsh, HM Area Coroner, for the Coroner Area of Manchester
West

CORONER’S LEGAL POWERS
I make this report under paragraph 7, Schedule 5, of the Coroners and Justice

Act 2009 and regulations 28 and 29 of the Coroners (Investigations) Regulations
2013.

INVESTIGATION and INQUEST

On 3 July 2014 I commenced an Investigation into the death of Jason
Houghton, 24 years, born on the 12" October 1989. The Investigation
concluded at the end of the Inquest on the 17" March 2015.

The Medical cause of death was:

1a) Combined Toxic Effects of Ketamine, Heroin, Diazepam and
Dextromethorphan.

The conclusion of the inquest was Misadventure.
CIRCUMSTANCES OF THE DEATH

1. Jason Houghton died at Room 124, Leigh Sports Village Hotel, Atherleigh
Way, Leigh, Wigan on the 30" June 2014.

. Prior to this death Jason Houghton has been a Registered Paramedic
with the North West Ambulance Service but on the 26" February 2014
he resigned from his position and he was known to have an addiction to
Benzodiazepines.

. Jason was known to be obtaining Benzodiazepines and medical
equipment from suppliers using the internet but there was no evidence
that Jason used his Paramedic Licence to obtain supplies, nor did he
obtain any supplies from the North West Ambulance Service.

4. Jason was known to obtain equipment, including syringes and cannulae

from Medtree using the internet and he obtained supplies of drugs from
the Pakistani Health and Care Mall using the internet.

. On the 30° June 2014 Jason was found on the bed in Room 124 at the
Leigh Sports Village Hotel with a cannula inserted in his foot attached to
a ‘home made’ drip consisting of a bag of Sodium Chloride (0.9%) that
was connected by a long, thin, flexible tube into the cannula.

On a small table next to the bed there were two syringes and four sterile
eye wash solutions. The smaller syringe was empty and connected to a
Hypodermic Needle whilst the second was a larger syringe that was not
connected to a hypodermic needle and the second syringe was full of a
clear solution.

On the floor by the side of the bed was a small bin which contained a
sealed plastic bag; on top of the plastic bag there were three discarded
vials of Valium and the sealed plastic bag contacted ten further vials of
Valium, as well as a quantity of used needles and syringes.

. There was no evidence at the Inquest that Jason had ever used Heroin
at any time during his life but evidence was given that he had used
Benzodiazepines, including Diazepam, and Ketamine at various times
prior to this death.

. Evidence was produced at the Inquest in the form of order confirmations
and invoices from the Pakistani Health and Care Mall which showed that
Jason had obtained the following drugs by use of the Internet:-

i.  Calypsol Ketamine Hydrochloride

ii. Valium (Diazepam)

iii. Ketamax

iv.  Diacetyl Morphine

v. Morphine Sulphate

vi. Ritalin (Methylphenidate Hydrochloride)
vii. Xanax
viii. | Ketarol

. The above drugs were ordered by use of the internet and the drugs
were delivered to Jason’s home address, via ‘Hong Kong Shipping’, by
post in padded envelopes.

A selection of the drugs was delivered to Jason‘s address after his death
and his father opened the envelope to find the drugs within the
envelope.

. When Jason placed the orders by using the internet he did not have to
either identify himself or give any reasons for the use of the drugs and
there were no checks in relation to the contents of the envelope upon
entry to the United Kingdom and prior to receipt by him.

The information at the Inquest was that the drugs were imported from
Hong Kong and the order forms state the shipping method to be ‘Hong

Kong Shipping’.

CORONER'S CONCERNS

During the course of the Inquest the evidence revealed matters giving rise to
concern. In my opinion there is a risk that future deaths will occur unless action
is taken. In the circumstances it is my statutory duty to report to you.

The MATTERS OF CONCERN are as follows:

1. During the Inquest Evidence was heard that:

Diacetyl Morphine is another name for Diamorphine, which is
another name for Heroin. The above evidence was given by

, who is the Deputy Director of Pharmacy and
Medicines Governance at Central Manchester University
Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust and who provides advice to the
North West Ambulance Service in relation to the application of
medicines Legislation and the use of medicines by Paramedics in
a pre-hospital setting.

The Diacetyl Morphine was provided in ‘Pill’ form and the
suggestion at the Inquest was that the Pill could be dissolved
and used intravenously, although it was not known whether
Jason had used Diacetyl Morphine in that manner, but the
Diacety! Morphine would explain the presence of Heroin in
Jason’‘s blood at the time of his death, bearing in mind there was
no evidence that he had previously used Heroin.

The evidence indicated that Jason had also received a supply of
some of the drugs in the form of samples provided by sources
using the internet, although it was not possible to identify the
specific drugs which had been supplied as a sample.

There is no regulation of the supply of drugs by use of the
internet and there is no protection in place in relation to the
importation of drugs using the internet with delivery from an
international source to a United Kingdom postal address by use
of the postal system.

The evidence raised concerns that future deaths will occur
unless action is taken to review the above issues, particularly in
view of the supply of illicit Class A Drugs, being Heroin, in the
form of Diacety! Morphine, by use of the internet.

2. I request for you to consider the above concerns particularly in regard to
the following:-

The supply and importation of Class A Drugs, in the manner and
in form described in this report, by use of the internet.

ii. The regulation of the internet, if possible, in relation to the

supply of drugs and the delivery of the drugs using International
Shipping and the United Kingdom postal system.
ACTION SHOULD BE TAKEN

In my opinion urgent action should be taken to prevent future deaths and I
believe you and/or your organisation have the power to take such action.

YOUR RESPONSE

You are under a duty to respond to this report within 56 days of the date of this
report, namely by 25" May 2015. I, the coroner, may extend the period.

Your response must contain details of action taken or proposed to be taken,
setting out the timetable for action. Otherwise you must explain why no action
is proposed.

COPIES and PUBLICATION

I have sent a copy of my report to the Chief Coroner and to the following
Interested Persons:-

— Mother of Jason Houghton

— Father of Jason Houghton

Solicitor, Weightmans Solicitors — Solicitor on behalf of
North West Ambulance Service
4. ER, Solicitor, Hil! Dickinson LLP Solicitor on behalf of 5
Boroughs Partnership NHS Foundation Trust
5. , Solicitor, DAC Beachcroft LLP — Solicitor on behalf of
General Practitioner,

I am also under a duty to send the Chief Coroner a copy of your response.

The Chief Coroner may publish either or both in a complete or redacted or
summary form. He may send a copy of this report to any person who he
believes may find it useful or of interest. You may make representations to me,
the coroner, at the time of your response, about the release or the publication
of your response by the Chief Coroner.

Dated Signed On———————-

30" March 2015 Alan P Walsh

Responses

1 response published against this report on judiciary.uk. A response is a body's written reply to the coroner's concerns; publication is at the discretion of the Chief Coroner's office, so an absent response does not mean nobody replied.

Response from Home Office (PDF)
22 MAY 2015 Rt Hon Mike Penning MP
Minister for Policing,
Home Office base zt en een Crime and Criminal Justice

2 Marsham Street
London SW1P 4DF

www.gov.uk/home-office

Alan P Walsh

H.M Area Coroner — Manchester West
H.M. Coroner's Court

Paderborn House

Howell Croft North,

Bolton

BL1 1QY

Tbe ME

INQUEST INTO THE DEATH OF JASON HOUGHTON — REGULATION 28
REPORT

Thank you for your letter of 30 March to the Home Secretary about the tragic
death of Jason Houghton from the combined toxic effects of ketamine, heroin,
diazepam and dextromethorphan. | am replying as the Minister for Policing,
Crime and Criminal Justice with responsibility for drug policy.

| note your request for action concerning:

i. the supply and importation of Class A Drugs by use of the
internet; and

ii. the regulation of the internet, if possible, in relation to the supply
of drugs and the delivery of the drugs using international shipping
and the UK postal system.

This is clearly a very tragic case and | am grateful to you for raising these
issues with me.

Law enforcement agencies and | take the issue of unlawful advertising and
sales of drugs on the internet very seriously, and we continue to work with
internet providers to ensure that they comply with the law. This can include

closure of UK-based websites where they are found to be committing
offences under the Misuse of Drugs Act 1971. Online purchasing remains a
small overall element of drug supply: the 2013/14 Crime Survey for England
and Wales shows that just 1% of adults who used drugs in the last 12 months
sourced them from the internet.

The National Crime Agency (NCA), the police and the Medicines and
Healthcare products Regulatory Agency (MHRA) routinely monitor controlled
drugs and medicines being offered for sale on the internet and take action
with industry partners to close websites trading illegally in these substances.
Where it has been identified, or where there is reasonable suspicion to
suggest, that controlled drugs or medicines containing controlled drugs are
being sold on websites, law enforcement agencies have the relevant powers
under the Misuse of Drugs Act 1971 to act against suppliers of controlled
drugs, whether on controlled drug charges or on suspicion of wider drug-
related offences. | can confirm that, since Mr Houghton’s death, the MHRA
has examined the website www.medipk.com and found that other
prescription-only medicines were being offered without a required prescription
and liaised with the internet service provider to close it down.

As in this case, considerable illegal activity takes place on the internet outside
of UK jurisdiction. The UK continues to work with international partners to
develop an effective response to the supply of controlled drugs and to react
swiftly to emerging threats. In order to tackle illegally trading websites
identified overseas, we are building strong partnerships with international
partners. There is also ongoing work with the EU and other international
regulatory agencies to ensure that, wherever possible, offending websites are
amended to comply with the law.

in addition, Border Force officers are on constant alert to keep controlled
drugs from entering the country. The associated enforcement response
includes intelligence-led examination of packages and letters sent by post to
intercept the importation of controlled substances. Working together with law
enforcement partners, this activity is co-ordinated by the NCA who are
continuing to enhance the security of our borders and lead the fight against
serious, organised and complex crime.

| hope that this letter addresses your concerns.

Ca.

Rt Hon Mike Penning MP

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