Prevention of Future Deaths reports · 2016

Fred Whittaker

Regulation 28 report to prevent future deaths, reference 2016-0249, written 14 Jul 2016. A coroner writes one of these when an inquest reveals a risk that could cause further deaths unless something changes.

Date of report14 Jul 2016
Reference2016-0249
DeceasedFred Whittaker
CoronerAndrew Bridgman
Coroner areaManchester South
CategoryCommunity health care and emergency services related deaths
Sourcejudiciary.uk record · original PDF
Responses published1

The report

Text recovered by OCR from a scanned PDF. OCR is imperfect: check anything you rely on against the source PDF. Reproduced verbatim, including the scan's own layout.

REGULATION 28: REPORT TO PREVENT FUTURE DEATHS (1)

REGULATION 28 REPORT TO PREVENT FUTURE DEATHS
THIS REPORT IS BEING SENT TO:

1. Fo Practice Manager, Heaton Moor Medical Centre, 32 Heaton
Moor Road, Stockport SK4 4NX.

2. R Simon Stevens, CEO NHS England, NHS England, PO Box 16738,
Redditch B9 9PS

3. Medical Director NHS England Greater Manchester, 3
Piccadilly Place, London Road, Manchester M1 3BN

4

CORONER

Andrew Bridgman, Assistant Coroner, for the coroner area of Manchester South.

CORONER’S LEGAL POWERS

| make this report under paragraph 7, Schedule 5, of the Coroners and Justice Act 2009
and regulations 28 and 29 of the Coroners (Investigations) Regulations 2013.

INVESTIGATION and INQUEST

On 2™ November 2015 an investigation was commenced into the death of Fred
Whittaker who died at his home address on 25" October 2015.

The investigation concluded with an Inquest held on 3" July 2016.
The conclusion of the Inquest was:

Narrative: Mr Whittaker died from the combined effects of a developing
bronchopneumonia and the consumption of excessive amounts of codeine,
methadone and alcohol.

Medical cause of death la Bronchopneumonia ; and combined Codeine, Methadone
and Alcohol Toxicity
il Cirrhosis of the Liver due to Alcoholism and Hepatitis C;
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus; Hypertensive Heart Disease

| CIRCUMSTANCES OF THE DEATH

Mr Whittaker was a 37 year old gentleman diagnosed with schizophrenia who was also
known to abuse drugs, namely benzodiazepines, codeine and alcohol. In the early hours
of the 24th October 2015 Mr Whittaker summoned an ambulance as he was having
chest pains and feeling drowsy. He was taken to Accident and Emergency at Stepping
Hill Hospital where he first admitted taking two codeine tablets with a large amount of
alcohol. He later admitted to having taken four pots of methadone. Naloxone was
administered by infusion and his GCS by 8.40am had returned to 15. At about 9.30am
Mr Whittaker removed his cannula for the Naloxone infusion.

At 11.01 am Mr Whittaker self-discharged and went home. He was seen by a support
worker at about 12.30pm; he was noted to be well and did not appear to be under the
influence of drugs or alcohol. He was given his prescribed medication for that day.

On the morning of the 25th October 2015 Mr Whittaker was found dead in his bed at his
flat.

CORONER’S CONCERNS

An important issue in the Inquest was the continued prescription of Clonazepam by the
Heaton Moor Medical Centre despite the written request on 17” August 2015, from Mr
Whittaker’s treating psychiatrist, that this medication be stopped.

The evidence given to me oy a partner at the Heaton Moor Medical
Centre, suggests that although the prescription was stopped it was started again in
error.

GE ecvisedt
a) On receipt of request the drug was moved from the Repeat

Prescription list to the Past Prescription list, without any reference in the records
of the reason as to why the Clonazepam was being stopped.

b) On or about the 49" August 2015 the pharmacy which administered Mr
Whittaker’s medications requested a repeat prescription.

c) It was likely that upon receiving that request Clonazepam was simply moved
back on to the repeat prescription by one of the doctors at the Practice on being
advised by an administrator of the Pharmacy’s request.

This is clearly an unacceptable error.

| accept that, on this occasion, this error played no part in Mr Whittaker’s demise but it is
not difficult to imagine a completely different set of circumstances where such an error
would give rise to a risk of death.

evidence was that there were no standard directions as to how to
manage this as a situation and that other practices may adopt the same simple policy of
transferring the drug from one list to another.

In my opinion there is a risk that future deaths will occur unless action is taken. In the
circumstances it is my statutory duty to report to you.

The MATTERS OF CONCERN are as follows. —

4. That Heaton Moor Medical Centre does not have a mechanism whereby the
reasons or requests or decisions that a patient is no longer to be prescribed a
particular drug are recorded in the clinical records.

2. That this poor practice may not be limited to Heaton Moor Medical Centre and is
replicated in many GP practices in the Northwest and indeed, nationally.

ACTION SHOULD BE TAKEN

In my opinion action should be taken by Heaton Moor Medical Centre to develop a
system such the risk of the inadvertent re-prescription of discontinued medications is
reduced to its minimum or negated.

In my opinion NHS England should draw fo the attention of all GP practices this potential
for the inadvertent re-prescription of discontinued medications and to take steps to

ensure the risks are reduced to its minimum or negated.

YOUR RESPONSE

You are under a duty to respond to this report within 56 days of the date of this report,
namely by 8” September 2016. 1, the coroner, may extend the period.

Your response must contain details of action taken or proposed to be taken, setting out
the timetable for action. Otherwise you must explain why no action is proposed.

COPIES and PUBLICATION

| have sent a copy of my report to the Chief Coroner.

| am also under a duty to send the Chief Coroner a copy of your response.

The Chief Coroner may publish either or both in a complete or redacted or summary
form. He may send a copy of this report to any person who he believes may find it useful

or of interest. You may make representations to me, the coroner, at the time of your
response, about the release or the publication of your response by the Chief Coroner.

14™ July 2016 Andrew Bridgman
Assistant Coroner

Responses

1 response published against this report on judiciary.uk. A response is a body's written reply to the coroner's concerns; publication is at the discretion of the Chief Coroner's office, so an absent response does not mean nobody replied.

Response from NHS England (PDF)
NHS
England

Professor Sir Bruce Keogh
National Medical Director

Skipton House

80 London Road
Andrew Bridgman SE1 6LH
Assistant Coroner for Manchester
South
Coroner Court
1 Mount Tabor Street
Stockport Sth September 2016
SK1 3AG
Dear Mr Bridgman,

RE: Fred Whittaker —- NHS England Regulation 28 Report Response

Thank you for your letter dated 14 July 2016 regarding your Regulation 28
Report following your investigation and inquest into the death of Mr Fred
Whittaker. On behalf of NHS England | would like to express our sympathy to Mr
Whittaker’s family.

NHS England is a single national organisation and FY Medical Director
for Greater Manchester is professionally accountable to me. This letter is NHS
England’s single response on behalf of both of us and I trust
you will find this acceptable.

You have raised the following concern for NHS England to respond fo:

“NHS England should draw attention of ali GP practices this potential for
the inadvertent re-prescription of discontinued medications and to take
steps to ensure the risks are reduced to its minimum or negated.”

All GP practices in England have electronic clinical systems to support them in
the delivery of their care of patients. Within the patient record there is the ability
to record both acute (i.e. one off) and regular ‘repeat’ prescriptions. When a
repeat prescription is generated, the reason or diagnosis for the medication
should be recorded. Similarly, when a repeat medication is stopped, the reason
for stopping the medication should be recorded in the clinical records.

In the guidance published by the Department of Health, Responsibility for
prescribing between hospitals and GPs EL (91) 127, 1991 (enclosed) makes it
clear that the legal responsibility for prescribing lies with the doctor who signs the
prescription.
The issue of any prescription and the subsequent doctor's signature is to assure
the dispensing pharmacist that the doctor considers the medication to be
appropriate and necessary to treat that patient, giving due regard to dose,
High quality care for all, now and for future generations

strength, duration, formulation and interactions with other medication or with the
patient's physiology.

In this instance the prescribing GP should have been alerted to the fact the
medication requested by the pharmacy had in fact been stopped by the patient's
consultant. | have been assured by my colleague F Medical Director
NHS England, that the practice and GPs involved have undertaken an
appropriate review, are planning to undertake a thorough significant event
analysis and have put into place appropriate measures to prevent a recurrence of
a similar event.

a ::; informed me that he will raise this regulation 28 report and our
response at the Quality Surveillance Group that has oversight of the quality of
health and social care in Greater Manchester. He is writing to all GPs in Greater
Manchester to share learning from this tragic event and to remind them of their
responsibilities when prescribing for patients, especially when making changes,
stopping and starting medicines. He is also writing to the medicine management
teams of the Greater Manchester Clinical Commissioning Groups to ask them to
provide relevant advice and support to practices.

Additionally, NHS England will share this learning and best practice further with
GPs.

| trust this response addresses the concern as detailed in your report and thank
you for bring this important matter to my attention.

Yours sincerely,

ve

Professor Sir Bruce Keogh KBE, MD, DSc, FRCS, FRCP
National Medical Director
NHS England

High quality care for all, now and for future generations

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