Prevention of Future Deaths reports · 2019

Alex Blake

Regulation 28 report to prevent future deaths, reference 2019-0259, written 29 Jul 2019. A coroner writes one of these when an inquest reveals a risk that could cause further deaths unless something changes.

Date of report29 Jul 2019
Reference2019-0259
DeceasedAlex Blake
CoronerAndrew Harris
Coroner areaLondon Inner (South)
CategoryAlcohol, drug and medication related deaths · Hospital Death (Clinical Procedures and medical management) related deaths
Sourcejudiciary.uk record · original PDF
Responses published2

The report

Text extracted from the PDF text layer. Reproduced verbatim, including the scan's own layout.

REGULATION 28 REPORT TO PREVENT FUTURE DEATHS 

THIS REPORT IS BEING SENT TO: 

1. 
1st Floor, 1 Kemble Street, London WC2B 4AN  

, Chair of Fitness to Practice, Nursing and Midwifery Council,  

2. Mr Neil Lloyd CEO, NHS Professionals Ltd, Suites 1A & 1B, Breakspear Park, 
Breakspear Way, Hemel Hempstead, HP2 4TZ 

1  CORONER 

I am Andrew Harris, Senior Coroner, London Inner South jurisdiction 

2  CORONER’S LEGAL POWERS 

I make this report under paragraph 7, Schedule 5, Coroners and Justice Act 2009 
and regulations 28 and 29 of the Coroners (Investigations) Regulations 2013. 

3 

INQUEST 

I opened an inquest into the death of Mr Alex Blake, who died on 24th June 
2018 in Lambeth Hospital (01761-2018).  

An investigation and inquest was opened on 29th June 2018 and was concluded on 
27th June 2019. A jury was summoned. The medical cause of death was: 1a Heroin 
Toxicity 

4  CIRCUMSTANCES OF THE DEATH 

The jury concluded that he died from a self-administered heroin overdose whilst a 
sectioned in-patient under the care of South London & Maudsley Trust at 
Lambeth Hospital, sometime before 04.13 on 24.06.18.  

The jury concluded that there were inadequate observations conducted on the 
night, which meant that his death went unnoticed for several hours, due to 
unsuitable record sheets, ineffective observations and lack of communication 
between staff. There was evidence that rigor mortis had begun when he was found, 
based on evidence of the attending paramedic. 

5  CORONER’S CONCERNS 

During the course of the inquest, the evidence revealed concerns with the 
implications of the evidence of three witnesses employed by NHS Professionals at 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 times when the deceased was already dead. This leads me to have an opinion that 
there is still a risk that future deaths will occur unless action is taken with respect 
to these individuals. In the circumstances it is my statutory duty to report to you. 

The MATTERS OF CONCERN are as follows.  –  

The first was RMN T, who gave evidence that the deceased was half out of bed, 
wearing pyjamas and she assumed to be asleep at 05.00. When asked whether he 
could have been dead, the nurse said she did not know, but it was too dark to see 
and no torch was used. She chose to wait until 06.00 to conduct a proper 
observation. She could not answer the question why she had not gone to get a 
torch or returned before 06.00. When found in the same position an hour later, 
she says she was concerned and asked Health Care assistant K if he was breathing 
as he had been in the same position for an hour. HCA K denies that this 
conversation took place before he was found dead. RMN T on finding the 
deceased said that it still did not occur to her that he might be dead. Her evidence 
to the court that he was wearing pyjamas at 05.00 is in contrast to the electronic 
patient journal, which confirms that when he was found dead he was topless. 

The second was RMN E, whose evidence was read due to his unavailability. He 
made an entry in the electronic journal at 05.59, which is about the time which he 
was found dead, that “he went to his bedroom and was observed asleep from 23.00 hrs. 
Alex remains asleep and was observed breathing regularly at the time of this entry (05.52).” 
The deceased was already dead at the time this entry claims to have been written. 
RMN T told the court that she had no communication with RMN E about his 
observations and RMN E was not one of those who found him dead at about 
06.10 hours. This raises concern about what prompted the unusual entry at 05.59. 

The third was health care assistant K, whose evidence in court was that the 
deceased was observed at 03.00 and he held his phone in his hand which was lit 
up, and so assumed to be watching a film. The witness was unable to answer why 
he had then recorded the deceased as being asleep, as it would be likely then that 
the light of the phone would not be visible.  

The evidence of these three witnesses cannot be said to be reliable. The evidence 
of the two nurses would seem to go beyond that of poorly conducted observations. 
It would be reasonable to suspect that that either the two nurses did not perform 
the observations at all or that they have provided false evidence to the Trust and to 
the court. 

6  ACTION SHOULD BE TAKEN 

In my opinion action should be taken to prevent future deaths. I believe that the 
following organizations would wish to learn of the circumstances of this death and 
are in a position to mitigate or prevent future deaths: As all three are employees of 
NHS Professionals, the agency is informed of this evidence so that they might 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 consider whether to conduct an internal investigation or fitness to practice 
investigations and additionally consider whether there are wider implications for 
their recruitment and training processes.  

Given the serious professional and legal implications of the evidence of the nurses 
each is referred to the Nursing & Midwifery Council. Their identities are 
communicated separately and confidentially.  

7  YOUR RESPONSE 

You are under a duty to respond to this report within 56 days of the date of this 
report, namely by Wednesday 25th September 2019.    I, the coroner, may extend 
the period.  

Your response must contain details of action taken or proposed to be taken, 
setting out the timetable for action. Otherwise you must explain why no action is 
proposed. 

If you require any further information or assistance about the case, please contact 
the case officer, 

8  COPIES and PUBLICATION 

I have sent a copy of my report to the following Interested Persons:  

, Mother 
Dr Matthew Patrick Chief Executive, SLAM 

I am also sending this report to the following, who may have an interest, Secretary 
of State for Health, NHS England and Royal College of Psychiatrists. 

I am also under a duty to send the Chief Coroner a copy of your response.  
The Chief Coroner may publish either or both in a complete or redacted or 
summary form. He may send a copy of this report to any person who he believes 
may find it useful or of interest. You may make representations to me, the 
coroner, at the time of your response, about the release or the publication of your 
response by the Chief Coroner. 

9 

[DATE]                                              [SIGNED BY CORONER] 

29th July 2019                                     Andrew Harris, Senior Coroner

Responses

2 responses published against this report on judiciary.uk. A response is a body's written reply to the coroner's concerns; publication is at the discretion of the Chief Coroner's office, so an absent response does not mean nobody replied.

Response from Nmc (PDF)
From the Chief Executive and Registrar Nursing &

Midwifery
Council

Andrew Harris

HM Senior Coroner

Coroner for Inner South District

Greater London

Southwark Coroner's Court

1 Tennis Street 8
Southwark

SE1 1YD

13 September 2019

Dear Sir

Re: The Late Alex James Blake — Regulation 28 prevention of Future Deaths
Report

Further to your report to Prevent Future Deaths made under paragraph 7, Schedule 5,
of the Coroners and Justice Act 2009 and Regulations 28 and 29 of the Coroners
(Investigations) Regulations 2013, | am writing to provide you with the Nursing and
Midwifery Council's ((NMC’s’) response.

Firstly, | would like to offer my sincere condolences to Mr Blake’s family for their loss,
and to assure you and them that | take the concerns you have raised very seriously.

Action we are taking in this case

| note that the concerns are focused on three named individuals, two of whom are
registered nurses, and one of whom is a healthcare assistant (HCA).

| have passed your report regarding the two registered nurses to our Fitness to Practise
team for further investigation; we have now also received a formal referral from NHS
Professionals in respect of these two nurses. The case of the two nurses is now with
our screening team and they will use the information we have received from your office
and NHS Professionais to consider the matter further. | would be happy to arrange for
you to receive further updates about the progress of the case if that would be helpful

Our Employer Link Service (ELS) has been in touch with the trust and NHS
Professionals to try to understand the delays that occurred in referring these nurses to
us and to learn for the future. The ELS will also be following up with the trust and NHS
Professionals to ensure that there are processes in place to ensure that prompt referrals
are made in appropriate cases in the future.

23 Portland Place, London W1B 1PZ

T 020 7637 7181

www.nmec.org.uk

We are the professional regulatory bady for nurses and midwives in the UK. Our role

is to protect patients and the public through efficient and effective regulation.

Registered charity in England and Wales (1091434) and in Scotland (SC038362) Page 1 of 2

With regard to the HCA mentioned in your letter, we are unable to direct action against
this individual. Our statutory remit covers nurses, midwives and nursing associates
effective on our register. However, we have referred your concerns about this individual
to the Care Quality Commission, who will be able to take any action or make any
recommendations they consider to be appropriate in relation to the trust's use of agency
staff.

| hope that my letter reassures you that we are taking all appropriate action to address
your concerns. If you have any further questions regarding this case or the action we
have taken, please do not hesitate to get in touch. | would also like to reassure you and
Mr Blake’s family that it is open to them to speak to our Public Support Service for
information and support concerning our fitness to practise processes. | will ask my
colleagues in that team to contact them about the support they can provide.

Finally, please can you ensure that any future Regulation 28 prevention of Future
Deaths Reports are sent to me at 23 Portland Place, London, W1B 1PZ as this will
enable us to deal with any future reports as promptly as possible.

Thank you again for writing to me.

Yours sincerely

Andrea Sutcliffe CBE
Chief Executive and Registrar

Page 2 of 2
Ip
Response from NHS Professionals Redacted 1 (PDF)
Our ref: CIMS 73695, 73696 and 73697
Case ref: 01761-2018

NHS Professionals Ltd

Private and Confidential Suites 1A & 1B
preakspear walk
. reakspear Wa
a Andrew Harris Hemel Hempstead
enior Coroner Hertfordshire
Southwark Coroner's Court HP2 4TZ
1 Tennis Street

Southwark
SE1 1YD
one

20 September 2019

Dear Mr Harris

Regulation 28 Report to Prevent Future Deaths following the inquest of Alex James Blake who
died at Lambeth Hospital, London, on 24 June 2018 (Case Ref: 01761-2018)

I am writing to you to respond to the concerns raised by your investigation into the circumstances
surrounding the tragic death of Alex James Blake.

NHS Professionals takes very seriously its responsibility to act upon what it learns from unexpected
a deaths of patients; who were cared for by Bank Members whilst irr the care of the NHS.

In your report you identified the following Matters of Concern:

1. The evidence of the three NHS Professionals Bank Members gave rise to concerns that the

mandated observations were either not performed to the requisite standard or not performed at
all; and

2. There was inconsistency of account given by the three Bank Members as between their written
statements, the records and their oral evidence, raising the possibility of dishonesty.

You asked NHS Professionals to consider whether there are wider implications for the organisation’s
recruitment and training processes.

Your report was sent to two organisations:

e NHS Professionals Ltd, Suites 1A &1B, Breakspear Park, Breakspear Way, Hemel Hempstead,
HP2 4TZ.

¢ The Nursing & Midwifery Council, 1 Kemble Street, London, WC2 4AN.

NHS Professionals is wholly owned by the Department of Health and is the leading provider of a
managed flexible workforce into the NHS. NHS Professionals is not a provider of services and provides
Bank Members to NHS organisations only. We recruit Bank Members in line with NHS employment

check standards and adhere to strict Clinical Governance guidelines when recruiting, training and
managing Bank Members.

NHS Professionals has been working in partnership with South London & Maudsley NHS Foundation
Trust since 2008, providing general and specialist nurses and healthcare workers.

Registered ir: England & Wales no. 6704644

Registered Office: NHS Professionals Ltd, Suites 1 8, 1B Breakspear Park, Breakspear Way, Hemel Hempstead HE2 4TZ

Professionals

Explanation of NHS Professionals role in the provision of flexible staffing

in order to respond to the matters raised in your report, it is helpful to set out the ways in which NHS
Professionals recruits and retains staff, and the arrangements upon which those staff are assigned to
work in NHS organisations.

We are committed to providing safe and reliable Bank Members to Client Trusts by working in
partnership to support the effective delivery of patient care to the population served by the Trusts we
work with.

There is a framework for governance and assurance within NHS Professionals supported by the Chief
Nurse who is the Director of Clinical Governance and represents clinical leadership on the Board, and
the Medical Director who is also the Responsible Officer. Clinical Leadership is overseen by the Clinical
Governance Committee, chaired by aclinical Non-Executive Director and is a sub-committee of the NHS
Professionals Board.

NHS Professionals works in partnership with NHS Trusts to manage temporary staffing banks on their
behalf. We currently manage the temporary staff banks for 10 Mental Health Trusts and 45 Acute Trusts,
We have approximately 35,000 Bank Members actively working at any one time. Staff working NHS
Professionals shifts in a Client Trust have been recruited through one of 3 recruitment processes:

Substantive Registration

Substantive Registration is the primary registration route, which is available to applicants who hold a
substantive post within a Client Trust. The substantive registration process allows substantive staff,
referred to as Multi Post Holder Bank Members, to work back at the Trust where they are substantively
employed and in an area of work that has been authorised by a Trust Manager. All training requirements
for substantive staff are delivered by the Trust.

Bank Registration Recruitment Standards

The Bank Registration process is available to applicants who do not hold a substantive position in an
NHS Professionais Client Trust or where the applicant wants to undertake shifts at a Trust other than
where they hold their substantive position. Where this is the case, an applicant will undertake one of two
routes toirecruitment:

Bank Exclusive: the applicants recruited through this route are known to the Client Trust, Le. have
previously worked substantively within the Trust or have worked in the Trust through a commercial
agency and are therefore known to the Trust. Following recruitment by NHS Professionals, they will
only work in the one Trust in which they are known.

Bank Only: the applicants apply to work flexibly across the NHS Professionals client base in the
areas where they can demonstrate:

e 6 months experience in the previous 2 years

e Successful completion of a Knowledge Based Assessment, where applicable linked to grade
and speciality.

Registered in England & Wales no. 6704614

Registered Office: NHS Professionals Lid, Suites 1A & 1B Breakspear Park, Breakspear Way, Hemet Hempstead HP2 4TZ

/
"
:
i

Professionals
Evaluating Bank Members performance

NHS Professionals uses an online performance review and monitoring system that helps to resolve
concerns informally at an early stage. It identifies Bank Members who are performing well and also
highlights any lack of skills or knowledge development. Performance assessment is completed by the
client Trust. NHS Professionals will put in place improvement measures for Bank Members where poor
performance or skill deficit has been identified by a Trust.

When working an assignment in a Client Trust, NHS Professionals staff work to individual Trust
polices and guidelines and this is managed and monitored directly by Trust staff, as opposed to by
NHS Professionals. Bank Members are required, along with all Trust staff, to maintain accurate and up
to date records and this is monitored and managed directly in the Trust. All registered nurses are
bound by The Code (NMC) that is the professional standards of practice and behaviour for nurses,
midwives and nursing associates. Under ‘Practise Effectively’ section 10 of The Coda it states, ‘Keep
clear and accurate records relevant to your practice’.

Action taken by Trust and NHS Professionals following Mr Blake's death

NHS Professionals was informed of Mr Blake’s death on 6 July 2018, by the Ward Manager. We were
informed that the Bank Members were not implicated in the events surrounding Mr Blake’s death. The
manager wanted to ensure that we would be able to support the Bank Members with counselling if

required. The Bank Members could continue to work bank shifts within the Trust. We did not receive the
SI report.

The Trust legal team included the three Bank Members in preparation for the inquest. We were not
aware at this time that the shift on 23/24 June 2018 was staffed exclusively by Bank Members.

Against the above background, | have set out NHS Professionals’ response below to the matters of
concern you have identified and the actions which should be taken.

Response to Concerns:

As a result of the concerns you have asked NHS Professionals to take the following action:

e For NHS Professionals to consider whether to conduct an Internal Investigation or a fitness to
practise investigation

* For NHS Professionals to consider the wider implications for NHS Professionals recruitment and
training

For the avoidance of doubt, it is understood that the Coroner has made a referral to the NMC in respect
of the staff members concemed.

On receipt of the Prevention of Future Deaths Report on 2 August 2019 we obtained all the information
relating to the case from South London & Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust which included the Si report.

ongoing investigations. | would therefore wish to assure all concerned that action will be taken to remedy
any identified organisational or individual deficits arising from this process in the interests of patient
safety.

| can confirm that the concerns raised were acted upon immediately and are currently the subject of |

NHS Professionals Interim Clinical Governance Director and Senior Nurse/ Head of Risk met with the
Trust interim Director of Nursing, to review the process undertaken in this case. There are lessons to
be learned for NHS Professionals, specifically around the communication between the two organisations
and about a systematic approach to information sharing. A future meeting is planned to ensure the

Registered in England & Wales no. 8704614

Registered Office: NHS Professionals Ltd, Suites 1A & 4B Breakspear Park, Breakspear Way, Hemel remipstead MPO 472

| appropriate links of the lead Clinicians in both organisations are in place so that
ca

tegorised and managed

Wider Implications for NHS Professionals Recruitment and Training Proc

As outlined above NHS Proféssionals recruits to NHS em

strict Clinical Governance

Professionais' mandatory and statutory training is aligned to the Core Skilis Framework,
| provision is reviewed and updated regularly as part o
specialist consultant and reviewing all training provisio|

i
In addition to statutory and mandatory training, individual Client Trusts ma

training requirernents for ba

NHS Professionals works in partnership with a Client Trust to support delivery of this adc

The Trust Engagement and

of Competence proforma which requires a competency asses

level of observation. This is

| Evidencing of successful com

| Professionals

¢ cases are accurately
effectively and where action is required it is undertaken promptly.

|
SSCS

ployment check standards and adheres to
guidelines when recruiting, training and managing Bank members. NHS
Training
f that process we are currenily working with a
n both in practice and ontine,

y have specific additional
nk|staff who are provided via NHS Professionals and, where this is the case,
itional training.
Observation Policy Version 6.4 (July 2017) includes a Nursing Verification
Sment prior to any ‘nurse’ undertaking any
undertaken at ward level.

letion and update of the competency assessment was discussed at the

meeting with the Interim Director of Nursing and will form part of the actions to be included in the whole

systems review.

In addition to the above shoulda Client Trust have concerns about
by NHS Professionals, they cah inform us about this through the C
System (CIMS) feedback form: CIMS is a bespoke complaints ma

the competence of a worker provided
ompiainis and Incidents Management

discussed monthly with Client Trusts, who receive a full report of all ongoing cases to enable them to

monitor steps taken.

i hope that the information provided offers assurances that the findings of your investigation and the

areas of concern you have hi
commitment fo providing and
Trusts. ;

“f

ighlighted have prompted action and have been the focus for our continuing
improving the provision of safe and effective Bank Members into our Client

If you require further information from NHS Professionals in relation to any of the above matter, please
do not hesitate to contact me.

Yours sincerely

Nicola McQueen
Chief Executive Officer
_NHS Professionals

Registered Office: NHS Profess

é tke

Regtstered in England & Wales no. 6704614

ionals Lid, Suites 1A & 1B Breakspear Park, Breakspear Way, Hemel Hempstead HP2 4TZ

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