Prevention of Future Deaths reports · 2019

Lucia Stear

Regulation 28 report to prevent future deaths, reference 2019-0296, written 13 Sep 2019. A coroner writes one of these when an inquest reveals a risk that could cause further deaths unless something changes.

Date of report13 Sep 2019
Reference2019-0296
DeceasedLucia Stear
CoronerAndre Rebello
Coroner areaLiverpool and Wirral
CategoryChild Death (from 2015) · Other related deaths
Sourcejudiciary.uk record · original PDF
Responses published2

The report

Text extracted from the PDF text layer. Reproduced verbatim, including the scan's own layout.

Regulation 28: REPORT TO PREVENT FUTURE DEATHS (1)

NOTE: This form is to be used after an inquest.

REGULATION 28 REPORT TO PREVENT DEATHS

THIS REPORT IS BEING SENT TO:
The Rt Hon Robert Jenrick MP
Secretary of State
Ministry of Housing, Communities & Local Government
2 Marsham Street
London
SW1P 4DF

&

Local Government Association
18 Smith Square
Westminster
London
SW1P 3HZ

info@local.gov.uk

1 CORONER

I am Andre REBELLO, Senior Coroner for the area of Liverpool and Wirral

2 CORONER’S LEGAL POWERS

I make this report under paragraph 7, Schedule 5, of the Coroners and Justice Act 2009 and
regulations 28 and 29 of the Coroners (Investigations) Regulations 2013.

3 INVESTIGATION and INQUEST

had been driving her car outside Arrowe Park on the

This report is about an infant baby girl, Lucia Jayne Stear who died at 15 hours old.
Lucia’s mother,
10.11.2016 at approximately 7.45 when a bough (large branch) from a large Horse Chestnut tree in
Arrowe Park, fell on her moving vehicle and broke the windscreen; landing on her abdomen.
Mrs Stear had to be extricated from the vehicle and paramedics attended. There was
communication with the University Hospital Aintree (the regional major trauma centre) and
information was exchanged, including information concerning
was taken to Aintree Hospital. Baby Lucia was delivered by emergency C -section at 10:01 hours.
She was stabilised at Aintree Hospital and was transferred to the Liverpool Women’s Hospital for
ongoing care. Her blood tests showed evidence of multi organ failure. The decision was made to
withdraw her treatment and she sadly passed away on 11th November 2016 at 01:11.
She died from

pregnancy.

1a Multi Organ Failure

1b Antepartum Asphyxia

1c Abdominal trauma with right broad ligament haematoma, sustained in road traffic

accident (Maternal condition)

During the course of five days of evidence the court heard that following restructuring and staff

 reductions in the last decade. The regular inspection, condition survey and tree maintenance work
on parks and countryside trees in the Wirral was affected.

The Court recognised that in spite of austerity statutory services still functioned, however some
statutory duties suffered.

Expert evidence was given that there needs to be a strategic management of tree policy, with a
written policy system to ensure all trees are checked. There also needs to be effective staff training.
The purpose of the policy is to detect trees before they fail, so as to keep the public safe, having
regard to the location and occupancy of each tree.

4 CIRCUMSTANCES OF THE DEATH (Jury Findings)

On 10th November 2016, at approximately 07:45, Elizabeth Stear, who was 36 weeks pregnant,
was driving along Arrowe Park Road, when a large bough of a Horse Chestnut tree within the
boundary of Arrowe Park, adjacent to the highway, fell onto her white Audi A4, piercing the
windscreen, and through the driver's window. The bough impacted her pregnant abdomen, and
trapped her inside the vehicle. At 07:57 a 999 call was made and fire, police and ambulance
emergency services were dispatched. At 08:10, the rapid response vehicle arrived and
indicated that she had not felt her baby move since the incident. At 08:33
left the scene
in an ambulance and was conveyed to the Major Trauma Centre at Aintree Hospital, having been
categorized as a major trauma, using the North West Ambulance Service (NWAS) paramedic
pathfinder major trauma in adults guidelines. At 09:01,
was attended by the major trauma team. At 09:07 a midwife could not locate Lucia's heart rate. At
09:10 a fast-scan was performed, which showed that Lucia's heart was beating slowly at
approximately 60 beats per minute. At 09:19 it was decided to take
for an emergency
laparotomy and caesarian section. She arrived in theatre at 09:30 and at 10:01 Lucia was born,
with no signs of life. Lucia was resuscitated by teams from Aintree Hospital and Liverpool
Women's Hospital and then NWAS transferred Lucia to Liverpool Women's Hospital arriving at
12:40. Tests showed that Lucia had multi organ failure and was extubated and died at 01:11 on
11th November 2016.

arrived at Aintree Hospital an

JURY CONCLUSION

Lucia died as the result of an accident to which the following contributed:
a) Wirral Borough Council (WBC) did not have a proactive, robust tree management system in
place for Parks and Countryside up to November 2016. They relied upon external contractors to
deal with issues on a reactive basis, without having a detailed managerial overview.
b) The classification of trees into 'Highways' and 'Parks and Countryside' trees, by WBC failed to
identify and manage the risk of all trees within falling distance of the highway. There was a
complete failure to have a policy in place for tree management in Parks and Countryside, and a
complete lack of risk management for trees at risk of falling onto highways. There had been no
formal inspection of trees in Arrowe Park for 13 years previously.
c) Inadequate steps were taken to investigate the failed Beech Tree that fell into Arrowe Park Road
in January 2015, and rectify mistakes that had been made, including failing to recruit and employ
specialist staff for tree management. Had this incident been appropriately investigated, remedial
work to the trees along the boundary of Arrowe Park Road would have been carried out. There
were missed opportunities to prevent further serious incidents, despite staff concerns and a near-
miss event taking place.
d) The Horse Chestnut tree had been affected by Bleeding Canker and disease would have been
evident on this tree for at least 4 years.
e) There was inadequate training of Parks and Countryside staff with regard to tree management
and identifying tree hazards, There was no programme of mandatory, ongoing training and there
was no Arboricultural officer employed by WBC since 2003.
f) There was a systemic lack of accountability and poor communication within and between
departments in WBC.

5 CORONER’S CONCERNS

The MATTERS OF CONCERNS are as follows: (brief summary of matters of concern)

 Before the inquest Wirral MBC put in place a “Tree Action Plan”i which is address the concerns that
had been before the court – This is included as an example of what can be achieved when this
problem was highlighted by the death of a 15 hour old resident of the Borough.

How many other public authorities are in a similar plight, not having had a fatal tragic event to
prompt action?

The Court asks the Rt. Hon. Secretary of State to address this issue nationally and that he
advises the Court as to what steps he has directed to be taken to ensure that there is
national learning from Lucia’s short life and her tragic avoidable death.

The Court requests that the LGA brings this matter to the attention of its Local Authority
members and that the LGA advises the court as to what steps the organisation has taken to
ensure that there is national learning from Lucia’s short life and her tragic avoidable death

6 ACTION SHOULD BE TAKEN
In my opinion action should be taken to prevent future deaths and I believe you (and/or your
organisation) have the power to take such action.

7 YOUR RESPONSE

You are under a duty to respond to this report within 56 days of the date of this report,
namely by 08 November 2019.

I, the coroner, may extend the period.

Your response must contain details of action taken or proposed to be taken, setting out the
timetable for action. Otherwise you must explain why no action is proposed.

8 COPIES and PUBLICATION

I have sent a copy of my report to the Chief Coroner and to the following Interested Persons:
Lucia’s family
North West Ambulance Service
University of Aintree Major Trauma Centre
Liverpool Women’s Hospital
Wirral Metropolitan Borough Council
The Health And Safety Executive
and to the Local Safeguarding Board (where the deceased was 18).

I have also sent it to
who may find it useful or of interest.

, Barrell Tree Consultancy – Tree Expert Witness

I am also under a duty to send the Chief Coroner a copy of your response.

The Chief Coroner may publish either or both in a complete or redacted or summary form. He may
send a copy of this report to any person who he believes may find it useful or of interest. You may
make representations to me, the coroner, at the time of your response about the release or the
publication of your response by the Chief Coroner.

9

Andre REBELLO
Senior Coroner for
Liverpool and Wirral
Dated: 13 September 2019

Responses

2 responses published against this report on judiciary.uk. A response is a body's written reply to the coroner's concerns; publication is at the discretion of the Chief Coroner's office, so an absent response does not mean nobody replied.

Response from Local Government Association (PDF)
Local 48

Government

Association

Mr Andre Rebello, OBE . :
Senior Coroner for Liverpool and Wirral Received
Gerard Majella Courthouse
Boundary Street 8 10CT 2019
Liverpool
L5 2QD

H.M. Coroner
30 October 2019

Dear M, Lol dl,

Re: Regulation 28 Report into the death of Lucia Jayne Stear

Thank you for your Regulation 28 Report following the untimely death of Lucia Jayne Stear. Your
recommendation to the Local Government Association required us to bring the matter to the
attention of local authority members and advise the court on the steps taken to ensure that there
is national learning from this tragic death.

An item has been included in my weekly email bulletin to all local authority chief executives. The
item will be repeated in the next issue of the LGA’s email bulletin on environmental issues, due in
early November.

To raise and discuss the findings of your review directly with local authorities the LGA will set up
an event with relevant officers by the end of December 2019, using onlineAwebinar technology to
ensure that it is available to a wide range of locations. The outcomes of the event will be made
available on the LGA website along with a link to the anonymised Section 28 report and good
practice on tree management and reducing the risk of harm. We will ask relevant professional
networks of local government officers with an interest in public parks and environment services to
share this information with their members.

We will also liaise with the Ministry of Housing, Communities and Local Government to address
the recommendations in your report to raise the issue nationally.

| hope this gives you a clear picture of the LGA’s response to your recommendation. If you require
any further information please let me know.

Yours sincerely

aod

Mark Lloyd
, Chief Executive

Email: mark.|loyd@local.gov.uk
18 Smith Square, London, SW1P 3HZ www.local.gov.uk Telephone 020 7664 3000 Email info@local.gov.uk Chief Executive: Mark Lloyd

Local Government Association company number 11177145 Improvement and Development Agency for Local Government company number 03675577
Response from Ministry of Housing Communities Local Government (PDF)
E
Ministry of Housing,

Communities &
Local Government

Andre Rebello

Senior Coroner for Liverpool and Wirral
HM Coroners Court

Gerard Majella Court

Boundary Street

Liverpool

Merseyside

L5 2QD

Rt Hon Robert Jenrick MP
Secretary of State for Housing, Communities and
Local Government

Ministry of Housing, Communities & Local
Government

4" Floor

Fry Building

2 Marsham Street

London

SW1P 4DF

Tel: 0303 444 3450
Email:

www.gov.uk/mhelg

Our Ref: 4484514
Your ref: 03605-2016

<3 | tober 2019
Dear Arndaro,

Regulation 28 Report (re. death of Lucia Jayne Stear)

Thank you for sending me a copy of your Regulation 28 Report to prevent Future Deaths
regarding the death of Lucia Jayne Stear as the result of the branch of a tree in Arrowe Park falling
on the moving car in which she was travelling. | am very sorry to hear about this tragic loss of life
and would like to take this opportunity to pass on my deepest condolences to her family.

You have asked for action to be taken nationally, to stop such an accident happening again.
Spending on parks is a matter for local authorities. We acknowledge that local authorities are
working under financial pressure, that's why this year the Chancellor has announced the biggest
year-on-year real terms increase in spending power for local government in almost a decade. Core
Spending Power (CSP) is expected to rise from £46.2 billion to £49.1 billion in 2020-21, an
estimated 4.3% real terms increase.

This positive announcement brings a significant level of support to local authorities, but we also
understand the pressures that they are under in particular areas such as parks and green spaces.
In order to provide additional assistance my Department announced in February a total of £9.7
million to be allocated directly to all local authorities across England with the expectation the
award be used to undertake remedial work and renovation of existing parks to enhance the green
space available to their local communities. This funding enabled local authorities to target funds
to those parks in their local area in need of greatest repair and improvement. Wirral Metropolitan
Borough Council was allocated a total of £56,295.

Thank you once more for sharing your concerns. | would like to reiterate my condolences
and | would be grateful if you could convey my sympathy to Lucia’s family.

They:
a

RT HON ROBERT JENRICK MP

Related reports

Other reports by Andre Rebello

See all →

More reports categorised “Child Death (from 2015)”

See all →

Track Child Death (from 2015)

See every Prevention of Future Deaths report matching Child Death (from 2015), and how often a new one appears.

What would an alert for this have sent me? Search the full text

Free to try — the preview shows the real matches and how many arrived in the last 12 months. Your first email alert is free.

These reports are published by the Chief Coroner's office at judiciary.uk and are © Crown copyright. The text here is reproduced from the published PDF so it can be searched. If something on this page is wrong, or you are a person named in it and want it reviewed, email drcjar@gmail.com and we will act promptly.