Prevention of Future Deaths reports

James Taylor

Regulation 28 report to prevent future deaths, reference 2020-0300. A coroner writes one of these when an inquest reveals a risk that could cause further deaths unless something changes.

Reference2020-0300
DeceasedJames Taylor
CoronerNadia Persaud
Coroner areaEast London
CategoryCommunity health care · Mental Health related deaths · Suicide (from 2015)
Sourcejudiciary.uk record · original PDF
Responses published2

The report

Text extracted from the PDF text layer. Reproduced verbatim, including the scan's own layout.

MISS N PERSAUD 
SENIOR CORONER 

EAST LONDON 

Walthamstow Coroner's Court, Queens Road Walthamstow, E17 8QP 
Telephone 020 8496 5000 Email coroners@walthamforest.gov.uk 

REGULATION 28:  REPORT TO PREVENT FUTURE DEATHS (1) 

Ref: 

REGULATION 28 REPORT TO PREVENT FUTURE DEATHS 

THIS REPORT IS BEING SENT TO: 

1.

, Head of Continuing Care, Redbridge Clinical

Commissioning Group, 6th Floor, North House, St Edwards Way, Romford
RM1 3AE
Email:

1 

CORONER 

I am Nadia Persaud, senior coroner, for the coroner area of East London 

2 

CORONER’S LEGAL POWERS 

I make this report under paragraph 7, Schedule 5, of the Coroners and Justice Act 2009 
and Regulations 28 and 29 of the Coroners (Investigations) Regulations 2013. 
http://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2009/25/schedule/5/paragraph/7 
http://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2013/1629/part/7/made 

3 

INVESTIGATION and INQUEST 

On 12th November 2019 I commenced an investigation into the death of James 
Alexander David Taylor, 35 years old. The investigation concluded at the end of the 
inquest on 11th December 2020.   
The conclusion of the inquest was a narrative conclusion:  

Mr Taylor died as a result of suicide.  He took his own life following life changing injuries 
sustained during a road traffic collision.  The injuries sustained in the collision caused a 
functional neurological disorder manifesting in refractory pain and sensory disturbances.  
These, in turn, led to psychological distress and suicidal ideation.  Mr Taylor sought help 
for his pain and psychological distress.  Long-term psychological therapy was required.  
The required help was not provided to him.  In August 2019, Mr Taylor attended a long 
awaited multi-disciplinary programme for functional neurological disorder.  He had 

1 

 
 attended preparatory sessions for the in-patient programme, to determine his suitability.  
The extent of his pain was not explored at the preparatory sessions and his engagement 
in the programme was terminated after 4 days, due to pain limiting his engagement.  It is 
clear from communication left by Mr Taylor that the feeling of rejection from this 
programme contributed to his decision to take his own life. 

4 

CIRCUMSTANCES OF THE DEATH 

The circumstances of the death can be seen from the narrative conclusion set out in 
section 3, above.  

In relation to psychological therapies, Mr Taylor underwent twenty sessions of individual 
psychotherapy in 2016.  These were provided by the Redbridge Psychological Services.  
Mr Taylor was noted to have complex and severe mental health problems.  The 
psychologist considered that Mr Taylor would need a longer term of psychological 
therapy, however twenty sessions was all that could be offered under the limits of the 
Redbridge service.  The psychologist stated that in order for James to recover, he would 
require a minimum of a year of further sessions.  As well as the psychologist specifying 
this need, James made further requests to the mental health trust, for the provision of 
further psychological therapy.  The required therapy was never provided to him.   

5 

CORONER’S CONCERNS 

During the course of the inquest the evidence revealed matters giving rise to concern. In 
my opinion there is a risk that future deaths could occur unless action is taken. In the 
circumstances it is my statutory duty to report to you. 

The MATTERS OF CONCERN are as follows.  –  

1.  The Inquest heard evidence that psychological therapy within Redbridge is 
provided on a limited basis.  The Inquest heard that a maximum of twenty 
sessions would be provided and must be stopped when that number is reached.  
This is so, even where the patient requires ongoing psychotherapy. 

2.  The Inquest heard that psychotherapy can bring to the surface a number of 

distressing and traumatic events.  If the therapy has not reached a therapeutic 
conclusion, then patients can be left with unresolved distress and trauma.   
3.  As well as the arbitrary cut-off for psychological therapies, the Inquest also 

heard that there can be extreme delays (of up to 9-10 months) for patients to 
receive the psychological therapy required. 

6 

ACTION SHOULD BE TAKEN 

In my opinion action should be taken to prevent future deaths and I believe that you 
have the power to take such action.  

7 

YOUR RESPONSE 

You are under a duty to respond to this report within 56 days of the date of this report, 
namely by 15th February 2021 I, the coroner, may extend the period. 

Your response must contain details of action taken or proposed to be taken, setting out 
the timetable for action. Otherwise you must explain why no action is proposed. 

2 

 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 8 

COPIES and PUBLICATION 

I have sent a copy of my report to the Chief Coroner and to the following Interested 
Persons the family of Mr Taylor, the CQC. I have also sent it to the Director of Public 
Health who may find it useful or of interest. 

I am also under a duty to send a copy of your response to the Chief Coroner and all 
interested persons who in my opinion should receive it.   

I may also send a copy of your response to any other person who I believe may find it 
useful or of interest.  

The Chief Coroner may publish either or both in a complete or redacted or summary 
form. He may send a copy of this report to any person who he believes may find it useful 
or of interest.  

You may make representations to me, the coroner, at the time of your response, about 
the release or the publication of your response. 

9 

21/12/2020                     SIGNED BY CORONER        

3 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 MISS N PERSAUD 
SENIOR CORONER 

EAST LONDON 

Walthamstow Coroner's Court, Queens Road Walthamstow, E17 8QP 
Telephone 020 8496 5000 Email coroners@walthamforest.gov.uk 

REGULATION 28:  REPORT TO PREVENT FUTURE DEATHS (1) 

Ref: 

REGULATION 28 REPORT TO PREVENT FUTURE DEATHS 

THIS REPORT IS BEING SENT TO: 

1.  Dr 

, Senior Officer, Royal College of General 

Practitioners, 30 Euston Square, London NW1 2FB 
Email: 

1 

CORONER 

I am Nadia Persaud, senior coroner, for the coroner area of East London 

2 

CORONER’S LEGAL POWERS 

I make this report under paragraph 7, Schedule 5, of the Coroners and Justice Act 2009 
and Regulations 28 and 29 of the Coroners (Investigations) Regulations 2013. 
http://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2009/25/schedule/5/paragraph/7 
http://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2013/1629/part/7/made 

3 

INVESTIGATION and INQUEST 

On 12th November 2020 I commenced an investigation into the death of James 
Alexander David Taylor, 35 years old. The investigation concluded at the end of the 
inquest on 11th December 2020.   
The conclusion of the inquest was a narrative conclusion:  

Mr Taylor died as a result of suicide.  He took his own life following life changing injuries 
sustained during a road traffic collision.  The injuries sustained in the collision caused a 
functional neurological disorder manifesting in refractory pain and sensory disturbances.  
These, in turn, led to psychological distress and suicidal ideation.  Mr Taylor sought help 
for his pain and psychological distress.  Long-term psychological therapy was required.  
The required help was not provided to him.  In August 2019, Mr Taylor attended a long 
awaited multi-disciplinary programme for functional neurological disorder.  He had 

1 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 attended preparatory sessions for the in-patient programme, to determine his suitability.  
The extent of his pain was not explored at the preparatory sessions and his engagement 
in the programme was terminated after 4 days, due to pain limiting his engagement.  It is 
clear from communication left by Mr Taylor that the feeling of rejection from this 
programme contributed to his decision to take his own life. 

4 

CIRCUMSTANCES OF THE DEATH 

The immediate circumstances of the death can be seen from the narrative conclusion 
set out above.  

In relation to the primary health care provided to Mr Taylor, concerns were raised by his 
family and friends in relation to the number of different general practitioner surgeries 
involved in his care and the lack of continuity of care.  

Evidence was heard from his final GP, who confirmed that Mr Taylor had a very large 
volume of medical records due to his complex physical and mental health needs.  The 
practice received an electronic transfer of records.  There was no transfer letter or clear 
summary of his ongoing clinical needs.  

5 

CORONER’S CONCERNS 

During the course of the inquest the evidence revealed matters giving rise to concern. In 
my opinion there is a risk that future deaths could occur unless action is taken. In the 
circumstances it is my statutory duty to report to you. 

The MATTERS OF CONCERN are as follows.  –  

As a result of his complex health needs, Mr Taylor changed address on a number of 
occasions.  This required a number of changes of general practitioner surgeries.  In 4 
years, Mr Taylor had changed surgeries 4 times.  The Inquest heard evidence from his 
final general practitioner who confirmed that there was a large volume of records relating 
to Mr Taylor.  The GP confirmed that no summary of care is provided to GP practices 
when transfer of patients take place.  He confirmed the dangers of this, in that important 
clinical matters can be missed where a patient has a large volume of records. 

The general practitioner indicated that handover summaries should be provided to GPs 
when complex patients are transferred from surgery to surgery.  Such transfer 
summaries could include a summary of past medical history and highlight acute, 
ongoing clinical conditions, together with any safeguards around prescribing of 
medication.  Such summaries could ensure safety in the continuity of care 

6 

ACTION SHOULD BE TAKEN 

In my opinion action should be taken to prevent future deaths and I believe you have the 
power to take such action.  

7 

YOUR RESPONSE 

You are under a duty to respond to this report within 56 days of the date of this report, 
namely by 18 February 2021 I, the coroner, may extend the period. 

Your response must contain details of action taken or proposed to be taken, setting out 
the timetable for action. Otherwise you must explain why no action is proposed. 

2 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 8 

COPIES and PUBLICATION 

I have sent a copy of my report to the Chief Coroner and to the family of Mr Taylor.  I 
have also sent it to the Director of Public Health, the CQC and the Liberty Road Bridge 
Practice, who may find it useful or of interest. 

I am also under a duty to send a copy of your response to the Chief Coroner and all 
interested persons who in my opinion should receive it.   

I may also send a copy of your response to any other person who I believe may find it 
useful or of interest.  

The Chief Coroner may publish either or both in a complete or redacted or summary 
form. He may send a copy of this report to any person who he believes may find it useful 
or of interest.  

You may make representations to me, the coroner, at the time of your response, about 
the release or the publication of your response. 

9 

23/12/2020                     SIGNED BY CORONER    

3

Responses

2 responses published against this report on judiciary.uk. A response is a body's written reply to the coroner's concerns; publication is at the discretion of the Chief Coroner's office, so an absent response does not mean nobody replied.

Response from Barking Dagenham Havering and Redbridge CCG (PDF)
Your ref:  

12 February 2021 

Miss Nadia Persaud 
Senior Coroner East London 
Walthamstow Coroner’s Court 

By email to:  

Dear Miss Persaud 

6th floor, North House 
St Edwards Way 
Romford 
RM1 3AE 

Tel: 

Re: 

Inquest touching upon the death of Mr James Alexander David Taylor, 
Regulation 28 Report 

I write in response to the Prevention of Future Deaths Report issued to Redbridge Clinical 
Commissioning Group on the 21 December 2020, following the Coroner’s inquest into the 
death of Mr James Alexander David Taylor. 

The CCG commissioning lead and NELFT heads of service have met to discuss the Coroner’s 
concerns set out in the Regulation 28 report and agreed actions to prevent future deaths.   

Some changes to the standard operation procedure for the Psychological Therapies service 
were implemented in 2018, which address some of the concerns of the Coroner and further 
actions have been agreed to reduce the risk of a similar incident occurring again. 

Please find attached a report for the Coroner on the actions that have been taken.  

The CCG strives to learn from incidents and to constantly improve the service provision it 
provides. Please do not hesitate to contact me if you require any clarification. 

Thank you for your helpful insights into this case. 

Yours sincerely  

Managing Director 

cc: 

Director of Public Health, London Borough of Redbridge  

Attachment:  REGULATION 28:  Report to Prevent Future Deaths from Nadia Persaud, Senior 

Coroner East London, 21.12.20. 

Accountable Officer: 
Managing Director: 
Barking and Dagenham, Havering and Redbridge Clinical Commissioning Groups 

Chairs:  
Dr 
Dr 
Dr 

, Barking and Dagenham Clinical Commissioning Group 

l, Havering Clinical Commissioning Group 

, Redbridge Clinical Commissioning Group 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
     
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Response to:             REGULATION 28:  Report to Prevent Future Deaths from 

Nadia Persaud, Senior Coroner East London, 21.12.20. 

From:                         

, Managing Director, BHR CCGS  

Date:                          12 February 2021  

1.  This report provides a response to the Report to Future Prevent Deaths from 

Nadia Persaud, Senior Coroner East London, of 21.12.20.    

2.  Barking and Dagenham, Havering and Redbridge CCGs have reviewed the 

Coroner’s concerns in the report relating to the death of James Alexander David 
Taylor.  Mr Taylor was under the care of the North East Mental Health Trust 
(NELFT) for the management of his mental health problems and the CCG has 
discussed the concerns raised by the Coroner with NELFT in order to respond to 
the issues raised. 

3.  NELFT have confirmed that Mr Taylor was under the care of the Psychological 
Therapies team and not the Psychotherapy Team. We can confirm that NELFT 
provide both Psychological Therapy services and they also have a small 
Psychotherapy service.  

4. 

In 2016, the Psychological Therapies team would have offered 20 sessions per 
referral.  Patients would have been reviewed at week 17 and if it was indicated, 
potentially offered more sessions. However, it is acknowledged that the access 
may have be limited due to the high demand for the service at the time.  

5.  At the time that Mr Taylor was receiving services from NELFT, approximately 

four years ago, there may have been a waiting list of up to one year. There is no 
national wait time standard for psychological therapy in secondary care, and a 
local standard has not been implemented locally. The National Audit of Anxiety 
and Depression (NCAAD) reports that almost half of adults wait more than 18 
weeks from referral to treatment 1. 

6.  Some actions have already been taken to improve access to the Psychological 

Therapies service and ensure that sessions are tailored to an individual’s clinical 
need: 

6.1  In 2018, NELFT implemented a standard operating procedure (SOP) for 
Psychological Therapy services which outlines the processes for safely 
managing patients on wait lists and also for safe discharge from the 
service. The SOP states that “Interventions will routinely be offered for 20 
sessions. Each pathway should have a system for reviewing plans to 
extend the number of sessions.” Following the agreement of the SOP in 
April 2018 a patient can be offered more sessions following a review, 
based on clinical need not demand.  

1 How are secondary care psychological therapy services for adults with anxiety and 
depression performing? Results of an audit of NHS-funded services in England: 
a co-produced report. Healthcare Quality Improvement Partnership (HQIP) 2020. 

1 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
                                                 
 6.2  Over the past two years some additional capacity has been brought into 
the service, facilitated by additional investment in 2017/18. There is 
increased integrated working between the psychology service and 
multidisciplinary teams, through the development of integrated posts into 
Access and Assessment teams. 

6.3  NELFT have reviewed and updated the panel protocol to ensure 

involvement of all relevant services, including Access and Assessment. 
Teams, in the process and to routinely manage risks associated with 
long waits. The current average waiting time for the Mood, Anxiety and 
Personality pathway in Redbridge is six months. To manage risks whilst 
individuals are on a waiting list, the team will:  
➢  Risk assess individuals and crisis plan at the assessment stage 
➢  Offer low intensity therapy where appropriate 
➢  Offer group sessions where appropriate 
➢  Maintain regular contact, including clinical harm reviews 
➢  Prioritise some groups for assessment and or treatment CAMHs 

transitions, high risk.  

6.4  NELFT has a structure of Trust wide clinical leadership for secondary care 

services to ensure we have robust supervision arrangements in place to 
support the delivery of NICE recommended treatments.  

6.5  NELFT routinely review wait times and identify gap which feed into 

commissioning discussions.  

7.  BHR CCG and NELFT have agreed the following additional actions to avoid 

future deaths: 

•  NELFT will formally review their services in line with the NCAAD report 

recommendations by the end of May 21 

•  The CCG is considering a proposal for additional investment into 

psychological services in 21/22. This will further improve on the waits for 
treatment and will improve the offer of broader psychological support within 
NELFT services  

8.  Please note that the report has been copied to
Health for London Borough of Redbridge.   

, Director of Public 

2
Response from Royal College of Gps (PDF)
Ms Nadia Persaud
Her Majesty's Coroner - East London

Sent cl

13 January 2021

Dear Ms Persaud,

Re: Inquest touching upon the death of James David Alexander Taylor - Regulation 28
(Preventing Future Deaths) report

Thank you for your letter of 23 Dec 2020 regarding the death of Mr Taylor. Please pass on my
condolences to his family and friends. | am replying as Joint Honorary Secretary of the Royal
College of General Practitioners. The Royal College of General Practitioners (RCGP) is the largest
membership organisation in the United Kingdom solely for GPs. It aims to encourage and
maintain the highest standards of general medical practice and to act as the ‘voice’ of GPs on
issues concerned with education; training; research; and clinical standards. Founded in 1952, the
RCGP has just over 54,000 members who are committed to improving patient care, developing
their own skills and promoting general practice as a discipline.

From your letter, it would appear that Mr Taylor had a number of complex problems, particularly
following a road traffic collision. It is also clear that Mr Taylor changed GP surgeries on four
occasions prior to unfortunately taking his own life. | understand that the question you have
posed is regarding the structure of the GP records that are transferred from one surgery to
another and specifically with regard to a summary problem list and medication. In responding to
this question, it is worth noting that general practice in the UK is the most computerised element
of the health service and has been so for many years. It is now very rare that handwritten notes
are made and GPs rely upon specialist computer systems to record and transfer records, as
patients move from one surgery to another. The standards and approaches are governed by NHS
England and NHS Digital but in summary they include not just the content but also the structure
of record keeping. There are a number of GP IT suppliers but the largest is EMIS, which supports
the majority of GP surgeries in England. Within the computer programmes, they automatically
populate a current and/or significant problem list and secondly an inactive problem list. Examples

Royal College of General Practitioners
30 Euston Square, London, NW1 2FB

Tel: 020 3188 7400 | info@rcgp.org.uk | rcgp.org.uk
Patron: HRH The Duke of Edinburgh | Registered Charity Number 223106

of the former might be a serious health problem such as heart attack or significant mental health
difficulty and for the latter, a more routine problem such as a chest infection which would
initially be in the current problem list and then move onto the inactive list after a period of time.
They also automatically document immediate and repeat prescriptions.

In terms of notes moving from one practice to another, almost always this is a “pull system"
whereby it is registration of the patient at their new chosen surgery that starts a process of the
previous medical notes being transferred. Whilst in a small number of occasions, a patient may
indicate that they are moving to another surgery and give an opportunity for the “leaving”
practice to have a clinical handover to the “receiving" practice, this is relatively rare; although
when there are complex problems it can be helpful.

Increasingly, although not universally, upon registration, medical records are transferred
electronically using a system called GP2GP electronic transfer. See details bere, which is run by
Primary Care Support England. This has the important set of advantages that the whole record is
transferred across and usually seamlessly. This would include any active problem lists,
medications and other details. It is also much quicker. However, paper transfer is also used - this
still requires that the “leaving” surgery print out the full medical record and the “receiving”
surgery to then go through the record, scan it and act upon any obvious issues. There are clearly
potential timing and resource risks with this latter process. | have attached the necessary
guidance from Primary Care Support Services for your information. The responsibility for the
system of transferring records lies with Primary Care Support England rather than RCGP, but our
position is to support electronic transfer for the reasons articulated above.

| trust that this reply is helpful and if you have any questions, please do not hesitate to contact
me.

Yours sincerely,

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