Prevention of Future Deaths reports · 2021

Alvin Black

Regulation 28 report to prevent future deaths, reference 2021-0130, written 30 Apr 2021. A coroner writes one of these when an inquest reveals a risk that could cause further deaths unless something changes.

Date of report30 Apr 2021
Reference2021-0130
DeceasedAlvin Black
CoronerSean Horstead
Coroner areaCambridgeshire and Peterborough
CategoryState Custody related deaths · Hospital Death (Clinical Procedures and medical management) related deaths
Organisation namedCambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust
Sourcejudiciary.uk record · original PDF
Responses publishednone published

The report

Text extracted from the PDF text layer. Reproduced verbatim, including the scan's own layout.

Mr Sean Horstead 
Assistant Coroner for Cambridgeshire & Peterborough 

REGULATION 28:  REPORT TO PREVENT FUTURE DEATHS  

REGULATION 28 REPORT TO PREVENT FUTURE DEATHS 

THIS REPORT IS BEING SENT TO: 

1.  Minister of State for Prisons & Probation; 
2. 

 CEO, Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation 

Trust 

1 

CORONER 

I am Sean Horstead, assistant coroner, for the coroner area of Cambridgeshire & 
Peterborough 

2 

CORONER’S LEGAL POWERS 

I make this report under paragraph 7, Schedule 5, of the Coroners and Justice Act 2009 
and regulations 28 and 29 of the Coroners (Investigations) Regulations 2013. 

3 

INVESTIGATION and INQUEST 

On 21st November 2019 I commenced an investigation into the death of Alvin Roy 
Black, aged 59 years. The investigation concluded at the end of the inquest held before 
a jury at Peterborough Town Hall on 15th December 2020. The conclusion of the inquest 
jury was one of ‘Natural Causes’. 

The medical cause of death was confirmed as: 1a Pulmonary Thromboembolism; 1b 
Deep vein thrombosis; 1c Thoracic spinal cord stenosis (operated 12.11.2019). 

4 

CIRCUMSTANCES OF THE DEATH 

The deceased was a serving prisoner at HMP Whitemoor. 

He was taken from the prison to Addenbrookes Hospital on 12.11.2019 for planned 
decompressive surgery on his back. He returned from the hospital on 14.11.2019 and 
declined to follow medical advice that he remain on the medical wing of the prison 
overnight, electing instead to return his cell on the Wing. 

At around 11.00 hours on 16.11.2019 Mr Black used his cell bell to summon assistance 
as he was having trouble breathing and experiencing chest pains. Officers and nursing 
staff attended the cell: Code Blue was raised and an ambulance called.  Mr Black was 
given oxygen but continued to struggle to breath; he lost consciousness and went into 
cardiac arrest shortly after 11.30 hours. Staff commenced and maintained CPR until the 
arrival of East of England Ambulance Service personnel at 12.13 hours. Air Ambulance 
clinicians arrived at 1228hrs. Life was confirmed extinct at 12.33hrs. 

A Post Mortem examination identified the presence of a “massive” pulmonary embolism 
likely to have a risen from a coil of blood clotting, probably originating from the leg.  The 
jury found that the blood clot developed at the time of or shortly after surgery providing 

1 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 an overwhelming mechanical obstruction to pulmonary circulation which led to fatal 
cardiac arrest, despite sustained CPR efforts.    

5 

CORONER’S CONCERNS 

Although not found to have been either possibly or probably causative in the particular 
circumstances of Mr Black’s death, nonetheless during the course of the inquest the 
evidence revealed two matters giving rise to concern. In my opinion there is a risk that 
future deaths will occur unless action is taken. In the circumstances it is my statutory 
duty to report to you. 

The MATTERS OF CONCERN are as follows.  –  

(1)  Extensive evidence was heard concerning the poor state of cleanliness of the 
Health Care Centre at the Prison.  Evidence confirmed that the ground floor of 
the Health Care Centre was not part of the clinical areas for which the 
Northamptonshire NHS Foundation Trust, the providers of health care at the 
Prison, were responsible: this area remained the responsibility of the Ministry of 
Justice.  Whilst Health Care patients would regularly be located there, 
designated ‘vulnerable prisoners’ were also routinely resident in this location 
and, in respect of this cohort, there would be both a high turnover and 
sometimes challenging hygiene issues accompanying them.  The evidence 
confirmed that the levels of hygiene in the common ways, kitchens, sinks, 
showers and the cells was poor and that this was of concern to prisoner patients  
and medical staff alike.  Evidence also confirmed that no ‘deep cleans’ took 
place in these areas save where blood, vomit or a ‘dirty protest’ was specifically 
involved.   I am concerned that such poor levels of hygiene give rise to the risk 
of prisoners returning from surgery, with perhaps compromised immune 
systems, facing a significant risk of infection, itself giving rise to a risk of future 
death. 

(2)  Evidence disclosed, and was conceded by the Trust, that there had been a 

missed opportunity for consideration of whether or not anti-coagulation therapy 
should have been provided to Mr Black following the decision that he remain in 
Addenbrookes Hospital over-night on the 13th November following his surgery.  
Although she had been prompted by a pharmacist to review the VTE risk once 
the decision had been made that it was “unsafe” to discharge Mr Black on the 
afternoon of the 13th, the Senior House Officer involved failed to conduct the 
review as required by both NICE and Trust policy.  Although this was on the 
face of it an individual failure by the SHO, I am concerned that (a) the system in 
place at the time did not pick up on this error; (b) that the SHO’s evidence 
indicated that the course she took was, in her experience, standard practice; 
and (c) in different clinical circumstances, the failure to ensure that the 
appropriate review took place gives rise to the risk of future (preventable) death. 

6 

ACTION SHOULD BE TAKEN 

In my opinion action should be taken to prevent future deaths and I believe you 
[AND/OR your organisation] have the power to take such action.  

7 

YOUR RESPONSE 

You are under a duty to respond to this report within 56 days of the date of this report, 
namely by 25th June 2021. I, the coroner, may extend the period. 

Your response must contain details of action taken or proposed to be taken, setting out 
the timetable for action. Otherwise you must explain why no action is proposed. 

2 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 8 

COPIES and PUBLICATION 

I have sent a copy of my report to the Chief Coroner and to the following Interested 
Persons: 

The family of Alvin Black; 

The Ministry of Justice; 

Cambridge University Hospital NHS Foundation Trust; 

Northamptonshire NHS Foundation Trust; 

East of England Ambulance Service. 

I am also under a duty to send the Chief Coroner a copy of your response.  

The Chief Coroner may publish either or both in a complete or redacted or summary 
form. He may send a copy of this report to any person who he believes may find it useful 
or of interest. You may make representations to me, the coroner, at the time of your 
response, about the release or the publication of your response by the Chief Coroner. 

9 

HM Assistant Coroner for Cambridgeshire & Peterborough 

Sean Horstead 

30th April 2021 

3

Related reports

Other reports by Sean Horstead

See all →

More reports categorised “State Custody related deaths”

See all →

Track Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust

See every Prevention of Future Deaths report matching Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, and how often a new one appears.

What would an alert for this have sent me? Search the full text

Free to try — the preview shows the real matches and how many arrived in the last 12 months. Your first email alert is free.

These reports are published by the Chief Coroner's office at judiciary.uk and are © Crown copyright. The text here is reproduced from the published PDF so it can be searched. If something on this page is wrong, or you are a person named in it and want it reviewed, email drcjar@gmail.com and we will act promptly.