Prevention of Future Deaths reports · 2021

Adam Forrester

Regulation 28 report to prevent future deaths, reference 2021-0268, written 11 Aug 2021. A coroner writes one of these when an inquest reveals a risk that could cause further deaths unless something changes.

Date of report11 Aug 2021
Reference2021-0268
DeceasedAdam Forrester
CoronerMargaret Jones
Coroner areaStoke-on-Trent and North Staffordshire Coroner’s Court
CategoryOther related deaths · Alcohol, drug and medication related deaths
Sourcejudiciary.uk record · original PDF
Responses published1

The report

Text extracted from the PDF text layer. Reproduced verbatim, including the scan's own layout.

REGULATION 28 REPORT TO PREVENT FUTURE DEATHS 

THIS REPORT IS BEING SENT TO: 

  Dr 
  Dr.  

 (WISH Secretary) 

 Inspector of Health and Safety HSE. Redgrave Court, Merton Road, 

Bootle, Merseyside. L20 7HS 

1 

CORONER 

I am Margaret J Jones HM Assistant Coroner for Stoke-on-Trent & North Staffordshire Coroner's Court 

2 

CORONER’S LEGAL POWERS 

I make this report under paragraph 7, Schedule 5, of the Coroners and Justice Act 2009 and regulations 
28 and 29 of the Coroners (Investigations) Regulations 2013. 
http://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2009/25/schedule/5/paragraph/7 
http://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2013/1629/part/7/made 

3 

INVESTIGATION and INQUEST 

On 14/11/2017 I commenced an investigation into the death of Adam Albert John Forrester, aged 30 
years. The investigation concluded at the end of the inquest on 28th July 2021. . The cause of death was  
1a.  Multiple injuries. 2. Alcohol intoxication and cocaine abuse with borderline cardiomegaly and atrial 
fibrillation. 
CIRCUMSTANCES OF THE DEATH 
The deceased had been out drinking in Hanley during the night of the 11/12th September 2017. He was 
known to have put his jacket into a commercial waste bin prior to visiting a club. He was last seen leaving 
a night club at 03..26 hours on the 12th September 2017. At 14.39 hours that day he was found dead in 
the top shed at Browns & Son Recycling, Sneyd Hill Stoke on Trent.  Browns had collected waste bins 
from the vicinity of the night club in the early hours of that morning.  The deceased injuries were 
compatible with being caused by compaction in a bin lorry or other vehicle with a compaction 
mechanism. There was no evidence as to which vehicle had transported the decease to the recycling 
plant.  
CORONER’S CONCERNS 

4 

5 

During the course of the inquest the evidence revealed matters giving rise to concern. In my opinion 
there is a risk that future deaths will occur unless action is taken. In the circumstances it is my statutory 
duty to report to you. 

The MATTERS OF CONCERN are as follows.  –  

(1)The bin waggon had collected bins during the hours of darkness in apparently poor weather conditions 
and from an area vulnerable to vagrants.  The vehicle was single crewed. 
(2)The WISH document, Effective Proactive Monitoring in Waste and Recycling Collection Activities 
document contains a checklist on page 5 of 8 and a section headed Public Safety at points numbered 20-
22. This section makes no mention of kicking bins or checking inside for persons.  This is dealt with in the 
WISH Guidance Document –managing Access to Large Waste and Recycling Bins but not in the 
supervision advice document.  

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 6 

ACTION SHOULD BE TAKEN 

In my opinion action should be taken to prevent future deaths and I believe you HSE and WISH and/or 
your organisation have the power to take such action.  

7 

YOUR RESPONSE 

You are under a duty to respond to this report within 56 days of the date of this report, namely by 
07/10/2021. I, the coroner, may extend the period. 

Your response must contain details of action taken or proposed to be taken, setting out the timetable for 
action. Otherwise you must explain why no action is proposed. 

8 

COPIES and PUBLICATION 

I have sent a copy of my report to the Chief Coroner and to the following Interested Persons: 

The family of Mr Forrester  

 
  Browns Recycling via Knights Solicitors 
 
  Unitas  

Stoke on Trent City Council  

I am also under a duty to send the Chief Coroner a copy of your response and all interested persons who 
in my opinion should receive it. 

I may also send a copy of your response to any other person who I believe may find it useful or of 
interest. 

The Chief Coroner may publish either or both in a complete or redacted or summary form. He may send a 
copy of this report to any person who he believes may find it useful or of interest.  

You may make representations to me, the coroner, at the time of your response, about the release or the 
publication of your response. 

9 

11/08/2021 

Signature        

Margaret J Jones HM Assistant Coroner Stoke-on-Trent & North Staffordshire Coroner's Court

Responses

1 response published against this report on judiciary.uk. A response is a body's written reply to the coroner's concerns; publication is at the discretion of the Chief Coroner's office, so an absent response does not mean nobody replied.

Response from Hse (PDF)
Health and Safety 
Executive 

HM Principal Inspector of Health 
and Safety 
Waste and Recycling Sector 
Priestley House 
Priestley Road 
Basingstoke 
HANTS 
RG24 9NW 

HM Coroner for Stoke-on-Trent and North 
Staffordshire 

HM Coroner’s Court & Chambers 
Stoke Town Hall 
Kingsway 
Stoke-on-Trent 
ST4 1HH 

FAO Mrs Margaret Jones, Assistant Coroner 

29th September 2021 

Inquest touching on the death of ADAM FORRESTER 

Response to Regulation 28 report on behalf of the Health and Safety Executive  

Dear Mrs Jones 

I refer to your report of 11th August 2021 which has been passed to me for response as head of HSE’s 
Waste and Recycling sector team.  I have also consulted the Waste Industry Safety and Health forum 
(WISH) steering group who have many years of experience in the industry to clarify some of the issues.  
We have worked jointly to amend the guidance, ensure that it is fit for purpose and is as clear as it can be 
as to the risks and potential control measures.  To save duplication, HSE has agreed with WISH that this 
letter should be regarded as a joint, composite response on behalf of both organisations.  I trust this is 
acceptable. 

The issue of people sleeping in bins has exercised HSE and the waste and recycling industry for many 
years.  You mention the checklist on page 5 of WISH document ‘Effective Proactive Monitoring in Waste 
and Recycling Collection Activities’ (INFO 03), in particular, that it makes no mention of kicking bins or 
checking inside for persons. 

It is important to distinguish between domestic and commercial type bins.  The latter tend to be larger, with 
four wheels rather than two.  They can also be found in communal locations (flats, community centres, 
schools, churches and ‘bring site’ locations for example).  Because these are larger, they tend to be more 
attractive as a place to sleep.  Their safe use is considered in WASTE 25 (Managing access to large waste 
and recycling bins).   

As you note, there are various WISH documents which identify good practice to minimise the risks of both 
sleeping in bins and around bins e.g., under waste such as cardboard.  (In the latter case, the risk tends to 
relate more to being run over by collection vehicles).  These risks should be captured in the route risk 
assessments which waste and recycling contractors are obliged to carry out.  Areas known to attract rough 
sleepers should be identified and extra steps identified to ensure operatives are vigilant for people sleeping 
in or around bins.   

On the other hand, people sleeping in standard two wheeled domestic waste (wheelie) bins has been much 
less of an issue.  They are typically too small and filled with contents that are too unpleasant for them to be 
attractive for sleeping in (even when intoxicated).  A person in such a bin would also be very likely to be 
detected when an operative attempted to move the bin for emptying (the very significant additional weight 
would almost certainly prompt them to check what was in the bin).  There is no conclusive evidence of such 
bins ever being involved in an accidental death ‘body in the bin’ event. 

HSE sends to think of risk control measures in terms of a hierarchy – eliminating or reducing it be way of 
design is at the top, whilst relying on PPE or people following procedures (often in less-than-ideal 
circumstances) is at the bottom.  With this in mind, the best way to prevent further accidents arising from 
sleeping in or around bins is this for the bin owners (those in control of the premises or undertaking) to take 
all reasonable steps to keep people out of and away from the bins e.g., by keeping them in locked 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 enclosures or locking the individual bins.  This is reflected in WASTE 25.  It is the view of both HSE and 
WISH that kicking bins is weak control measure for various reasons, in particular, because it will not rouse 
a heavily intoxicated person. 

Having reviewed the guidance, we are content that the existing material and control measures are broadly 
sufficient and proportionate to the risk.  However, we recognise the wording of WISH INFO 3 could be 
clearer – so we have drafted some modified text at line 13 on page 5 of INFO13 and with the addition of 
line 21 on page 6: “Crew check all large, four wheeled bins” (to distinguish from the smaller two wheeled 
domestic types).   

I hope this addresses your concerns. 

Yours faithfully 

HM Principal Inspector of Health and Safety 

Chair, Waste and Recycling Health and Safety forum (WISH) 

2

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