Prevention of Future Deaths reports · 2021

Colin Blackburn

Regulation 28 report to prevent future deaths, reference 2021-0311, written 17 Sep 2021. A coroner writes one of these when an inquest reveals a risk that could cause further deaths unless something changes.

Date of report17 Sep 2021
Reference2021-0311
DeceasedColin Blackburn
CoronerDavid Reid
Coroner areaWorcestershire
CategoryState Custody related deaths · Mental Health related deaths
Organisation namedMidlands Partnership University NHS Foundation Trust
Sourcejudiciary.uk record · original PDF
Responses published1

The report

Text recovered by OCR from a scanned PDF. OCR is imperfect: check anything you rely on against the source PDF. Reproduced verbatim, including the scan's own layout.

REGULATION 28: REPORT TO PREVENT FUTURE DEATHS (1)

NOTE: This form is to be used after an inquest.

REGULATION 28 REPORT TO PREVENT FUTURE DEATHS
THIS REPORT IS BEING SENT TO:

1. The Governor, HMP Hewell, Hewell Lane, Redditch, Worcestershire;
2. The Head of Healthcare at HMP Hewell, c/o Practice Plus Group.

1 | CORONER

| am David Donald William Reid, Senior Coroner, for the coroner area of
Worcestershire.

2 | CORONER’S LEGAL POWERS

| make this report under paragraph 7, Schedule 5, of the Coroners and Justice Act
2009 and regulations 28 and 29 of the Coroners (Investigations) Regulations 2013.

3 | INVESTIGATION and INQUEST

On 11.7.19 an investigation was commenced into the death of Colin BLACKBURN, a
prisoner at HMP Hewell, who died at the prison on 6.7.19, being 53 years of age.
This investigation concluded at the end of the inquest on 16.9.21.

The medical cause of death was:
1a ligature suspension.

The conclusion of the inquest was as follows:

“Colin Blackburn died as a result of deliberately suspending himself by a ligature. It is
not possible to determine what his intention was at the time he did this.

A failure adequately to assess Colin Blackburn's risk of suicide and/or self-harm at the
case review of 4.7.19 probably caused or contributed to Mr. Blackburn's death.

A failure to take sufficient action to meet the risk of suicide and/or self-harm which Mr.
Blackburn presented at the case review of 4.7.19 probably caused or contributed to
Mr. Blackburn's death.”

4 | CIRCUMSTANCES OF THE DEATH

At the time of his death Mr. Blackburn had spent 15 days on remand at HMP Hewell
awaiting trial in respect of an offence of serious violence. An ACCT document had
been opened on the day he arrived at the prison, as he had expressed thoughts of
taking his own life; this remained open until his death. In those 15 days, there were 3
separate incidents in which Mr. Blackburn was found with a ligature around his neck.
He spent some 8 days in the Inpatients Unit, initially on constant watch, after the first
of those incidents. His death on 6.7.19 therefore represented the fourth occasion on
which he had self-ligatured.

5 | CORONER’S CONCERNS

During the course of the inquest the evidence revealed matters giving rise to concern.
In my opinion there is a risk that future deaths will occur unless action is taken. In the
circumstances it is my statutory duty to report to you.

The MATTERS OF CONCERN are as follows. —

1) The Record of Inquest has recorded 14 separate failings in respect of Mr.

Bl

ackburn’s ACCT document and his risk of suicide/self-harm, all of which were

accepted by H.M. Prison Service:
(a) that no Initial ACCT Case Review was held within 24 hours of the Concern

& Keep Safe form being completed on 21.6.19;

(b) that no entries were made on the Care Map until 26.6.19;

(c

(d

) that no triggers or warning signs have been entered on the ACCT'’s inside
cover;
) that no ACCT Case Manager was assigned until 26.6.19;

(e) that no ACCT Case Manager had any effective involvement after Mr.

Blackburn was transferred from the Inpatients unit to Houseblock 6 on
Qhel9}

(f) that ACCT Case Reviews were often not multi-disciplinary, with healthcare

and mental healthcare sometimes not being invited to attend;

) that the Care Map was not reviewed at some ACCT Case Reviews;

) that those conducting ACCT Case Reviews did not familiarize themselves
sufficiently with the ACCT document beforehand;
that on several occasions, over several hours, the level of observations
required under the ACCT document were not carried out;

(j)_ that the first ligature incident on 2.7.19 was not documented on Mr.

Blackburn's NOMIS record;

) that no ACCT Case Review took place after the first ligature incident on
2.7.19;
that there was no ACCT Case Review immediately before Mr. Blackburn's
transfer from the Inpatients unit to Houseblock 6 on the evening of 2.7.19;
given particularly that Mr. Blackburn had been expecting a transfer to
Houseblock 5;

(m) that the second ligature incident on 2.7.19 was not documented on Mr.

Blackburn’s NOMIS record; and

(n) that the ACCT Case Review arranged for 3.7.19 did not in fact take place

until 4.7.19.

| heard evidence that:

- These issues arose because prison staff had so many demands on their
time, mainly due to number of prisoners they had to deal with;

- Since then, the population of the prison has reduced, and more new staff
have been taken on;

- Newsystems have been put in place regarding the management of ACCT
document, the training for which was suspended during the Covid-19
pandemic; and

- Anew version of the ACCT document was implemented in July this year,
training for which has been provided to roughly a third of prison and
healthcare staff at the prison.

| am not satisfied that sufficient action has yet been taken to ensure that all

members of prison staff understand their obligations in respect of prisoners

who are subject to the ACCT process. This is because:

(i) there is no evidence yet that the changes described above have led to a
change in how prison staff deal with ACCT documents, and

(ii) | heard evidence during the inquest from a number of senior officers who,
even now, found it difficult to comprehend that their involvement with Mr.
Blackburn and his ACCT document fell short of an acceptable standard.

Ne

2) On 4.7.19, a prison officer, who had concerns about a significant deterioration
in Mr. Blackburn’s mental state, submitted a paper TAG referral to the Mental
Health team at the prison via the internal post. There was a delay in that referral
reaching the Mental Team, with the result that it was not opened until after Mr.
Blackburn’s death. Had it been opened sooner, the court was told that an
urgent mental health assessment would have been carried out.

| heard evidence from the Head of Healthcare at the prison that urgent TAG
referrals can currently be made by email, phone or on paper via internal post. If
made late on a Friday or over a weekend, there was no guarantee that the
mental health team would pick up the referral until after the weekend; instead,
the referral should be made to a member of the healthcare team on duty that
weekend, who would then phone Practice Plus Group’s regional on-call
manager.

| received no assurance that prison staff wanting to make an urgent TAG
referral over a weekend knew that this was the process to follow, and heard
that there is currently no divert service in place, so that if a member of staff tries
to make an urgent referral by phone or email over the weekend, they are
redirected to the correct pathway.

The paper referral system, which relies upon the internal post at the prison, is
still in place although, | am told, it can be stopped.

In my view, there remains uncertainty amongst staff at the prison about the right
way to make an urgent TAG referral to the mental health team, particularly at
weekends. There is a risk therefore that a prisoner whose mental health
deteriorates significantly during a weekend may not be properly assessed in
time for action to be taken to address any risk of suicide or self-harm which he
may present.

ACTION SHOULD BE TAKEN

In my opinion action should be taken to prevent future deaths and | believe you have
the power to take such action by conducting an investigation into the deficiencies and
failures outlined above.

YOUR RESPONSE

You are under a duty to respond to this report within 56 days of the date of this report,
namely by 12.11.21. |, the coroner, may extend the period.

Your response must contain details of action taken or proposed to be taken, setting
out the timetable for action. Otherwise you must explain why no action is proposed.

COPIES and PUBLICATION

| have sent a copy of my report to the Chief Coroner and to the following Interested
Persons:

Hill Dickinson LLP, who represent Practice Plus Group;

Capsticks LLP, who represent the Midlands Partnership NHS Foundation Trust;
Government Legal Department, who represent HM Prison Service;

The Prison and Probation Ombudsman.

| am also under a duty to send the Chief Coroner a copy of your response.

The Chief Coroner may publish either or both in a complete or redacted or summary
form. He may send a copy of this report to any person who he believes may find it
useful or of interest. You may make representations to me, the coroner, at the time of
your response, about the release or the publication of your response by the Chief
Coroner.

Signed

D. D. W. Reid 17" September
2021

H.M. Senior Coroner for Worcestershire

Responses

1 response published against this report on judiciary.uk. A response is a body's written reply to the coroner's concerns; publication is at the discretion of the Chief Coroner's office, so an absent response does not mean nobody replied.

Response from Practice Plus Group (PDF)
Practice Plus Group 
Hawker House 
5-6 Napier Court 
Napier Road 
Reading 
Berkshire 
RG1 8BW 

practiceplusgroup.com 

HM Senior Coroner for Worcestershire 
Mr David Reid 
Worcestershire Coroner’s Court 
The Civic 
Martins Way 
Stourport-on-Severn 
Worcestershire 
DY13 8UN 

2nd November 2021 

Dear Sir  

The Inquest touching upon the death of Mr Colin Blackburn 

Thank you for your Report to Prevent Future Deaths issued pursuant to Regulation 28 Coroners 
(Investigations)  Regulations  2013  dated  17th  September  2021  and  following  the  inquest 
touching upon the death of Mr Colin Blackburn, who sadly passed away at HMP Hewell on 6th 
July 2019.   

I  would  like  to  take  the  opportunity  on  behalf  of  Practice  Plus  Group  to  offer  my  sincere 
condolences to Mr Blackburn’s family and friends for their loss.  

This letter addresses the matters of concern insofar as they relate to Practice Plus Group.  

Practice Plus Group is the main provider of healthcare services at HMP Hewell. There is a sub-
contracting arrangement in place with Midlands Partnership NHS Foundation Trust (‘MPFT’) in 
respect of the provision of mental health services. The Regulation 28 report was not addressed 
to MPFT although it has had sight of your report. This response has been prepared with the 
input  of  members  of  staff  working  for  MPFT  at  HMP  Hewell.  In  the  event  that  there  are  any 
further  specific  operational  queries  relating  to  the  mental  health  provision  at  HMP  Hewell,  I 
respectfully request that such queries be directed to MPFT.  

Matter of Concern  

“On  4.8.19,  a  prison  officer,  who  had  concerns  about  a  significant  deterioration  in  Mr. 
Blackburn’s mental state, submitted a paper TAG referral to the Mental Health team at the prison 
via the internal post. There was a delay in that referral reaching the Mental Team [sic], with the 
result that it was not opened until after Mr. Blackburn’s death. Had it been opened sooner, the 
court was told that an urgent mental health assessment would have been carried out. I heard 
evidence from the Head of Healthcare at the prison that urgent TAG referrals can currently be 
made by email, phone or on paper via internal post. If made late on a Friday or over a weekend, 
there was no guarantee that the mental health team would pick up the referral until after the 
weekend; instead, the referral should be made to a member of the healthcare team on duty that 
weekend, who would then phone Practice Plus Group’s regional on-call manager.  

Practice Plus Group Health and Rehabilitation Services Limited. Registered in England No 10498997 
Registered Office: Hawker House, 5-6 Napier Court, Napier Road, Reading, Berkshire RG1 8BW 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 I  received  no  assurance  that  prison  staff  wanting  to  make  an  urgent  TAG  referral  over  a 
weekend knew that this was the process to follow, and heard that there is currently no diver 
service in place, so that if a member of staff tries to make an urgent referral by phone or email 
over the weekend, they are redirected to the correct pathway.  

The  paper  referral  system,  which  relies  upon  the  internal  post  at  the  prison,  is  still  in  place 
although, I am told, it can be stopped.  

In my view, there remains uncertainty amongst staff at the prison about the right way to make 
an  urgent  TAG  referral  to  the  mental  health  team,  particularly  at  weekends.  There  is  a  risk 
therefore that a prisoner whose mental health deteriorates significantly during a weekend may 
not be properly assessed in time for action to be taken to address any risk of suicide or self-
harm which he may present.”  

Response 

The following actions have now been taken to address the concern raised. 

1.  The  end  date  for  the  acceptance  of  paper  referrals  is  31st  October  2021.  From  1st 
November 2021, paper TAGs (Threshold Assessment Grid)1 will cease to be an option 
for  referrals  to  the  mental  health  team.  The  reason  as  to  why  this  process  could  not 
immediately be stopped is to allow for the transition from paper to paperless (and the 
communication thereof) without incurring the additional risk of patients’ referrals being 
missed. In this interim period paper TAGs are being accepted by the mental health team, 
however, the individual who sends the TAG referral is then being asked to provide their 
email address to which the electronic TAG is being sent along with guidance as to how 
to use it, for their future reference, beyond 31st October 2021.  

2.  As  part  of  this  transition,  posters  have  also  been  created  to  explain  the  process  of 
making  electronic  TAG  referrals.  These  are  now  on  display  (laminated,  A3  size) 
throughout  the  prison.  I  enclose  a  copy  of  the  poster  with  this  response  for  your 
information. This work has been undertaken in conjunction with the Prison’s Health & 
wellbeing Governor. 

3.  Additionally, the posters referenced above confirm the following:-  

a.  The operational times for the mental health team;  
b.  The generic email address for the mental health team;  
c.  That all referrals must be sent electronically to that generic email address;  
d.  That the out of hours service to be provided using the primary healthcare team 

as a gateway.  

4.  This same notice has also been sent via global email to all prison staff by the Governor’s 

office.  

5.  All members of the mental health team have now added the following text to their email 

signatures:- 

1 A TAG is a short, quickly completed assessment of the severity of an individual’s mental health problems. The 
scores range from none (no problem in that particular domain) to either severe or very severe. In each domain, the 
person completing the assessment simply ticks the statement that best applies to the individual who is being 
assessed. 

Page 2 of 3 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
                                            
 
 
 
 Please  reply  to  our  generic  email  mpft.inclusion.hewell@mpft.nhs.net  The  Mental 
Health  and  Psychosocial  Team  at  HMP  Hewell  is  a  Monday  to  Friday  9am  -  5pm 
service.  MPFT  operate  an  urgent  care  provision  at  weekends,  our  primary  care 
colleagues can escalate your concern via PPG on-call manager if required, please call 
on 01527 785138. 

This implementation was carried out immediately further to the conclusion of the inquest 
touching upon the death of Mr Blackburn. In addition, all members of the mental health 
team turn on an Out of Office message every evening, as well as weekends. 

6.  An  out  of  office  response  has  been  added  to  the  mental  health  team’s  generic  email 

inbox at weekends, and is managed by the MPFT Administrator.  

7.  As  an  alternative  to  the  electronic  referral  route  for  such  times  when  a  prison  staff 
member  may  not  have  immediate  access  to  a  computer,  an  answer  phone  has  been 
purchased  for  the  mental  health  team  and  has  been  in  utilisation  since  13th  October 
2021. Whilst those incoming messages will be recorded, the voicemail auto-message 
will  be  the  same  as  the  generic  email  out  of  office  response  (as  above).  The  email 
signatures  of  all  members  of  staff  within  the  mental  health  team  display  the  generic 
phone number, which reaches this phone (which now carries a voicemail facility). This 
ensures that irrespective of whether a member of the mental health team is away from 
his/her  desk,  the  incoming  call  will  be  received  by  the  admin  team,  for  logging  and 
forwarding as appropriate. 

I hope that the above information provides you with reassurance that action has been taken, 
specifically to ensure that all staff at HMP Hewell are aware of the processes in place to ensure 
that prisoners receive urgent mental health care at weekends, if the need arises.  

Practice Plus Group is committed to ensuring the high quality provision of healthcare services 
to all prisoners at HMP Hewell. We will also ensure that the lessons learnt as a result of this 
inquest  are  implemented  not  only  at  HMP  Hewell  but  across  all  of  Practice  Plus  Group’s 
services.  

I  do  hope  that  this  letter  provided  the  necessary  reassurance  sought  and  if  I  can  be  of  any 
further assistance you should not hesitate to contact me directly. 

Yours sincerely 

National Medical Director, Health in Justice, Practice Plus Group 

Page 3 of 3

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