Prevention of Future Deaths reports · 2021
Regulation 28 report to prevent future deaths, reference 2021-0434, written 31 Dec 2021. A coroner writes one of these when an inquest reveals a risk that could cause further deaths unless something changes.
| Date of report | 31 Dec 2021 |
|---|---|
| Reference | 2021-0434 |
| Deceased | Yousef Makki |
| Coroner | Alison Mutch |
| Coroner area | Greater Manchester South |
| Category | Other related deaths · Product related deaths |
| Source | judiciary.uk record · original PDF |
| Responses published | 1 |
Text extracted from the PDF text layer. Reproduced verbatim, including the scan's own layout.
REGULATION 28: REPORT TO PREVENT FUTURE DEATHS REGULATION 28 REPORT TO PREVENT FUTURE DEATHS THIS REPORT IS BEING SENT TO: Rt Hon. Nadhim Zahawi, Secretary of State for Education 1 CORONER I am Alison Mutch , Senior Coroner, for the Coroner Area of Greater Manchester South 2 CORONER’S LEGAL POWERS I make this report under paragraph 7, Schedule 5, of the Coroners and Justice Act 2009 and regulations 28 and 29 of the Coroners (Investigations) Regulations 2013 3 INVESTIGATION and INQUEST On 4th March 2019 I commenced an investigation into the death of Yousef Ghaleb Makki. The investigation concluded on the 17th November 2021 and the conclusion was one of Narrative: Died from complications of a stab wound to the chest, the precise circumstances in which he was wounded cannot on the balance of probabilities be ascertained. The medical cause of death was 1a stab wound to the chest. 4 CIRCUMSTANCES OF THE DEATH On 2nd March 2019 whilst on Gorse Bank Road Yousef Makki was stabbed in the chest. He died at Manchester Royal Infirmary on 2nd March 2019 from the single stab wound to the chest. 5 CORONER’S CONCERNS During the course of the inquest the evidence revealed matters giving rise to concern. In my opinion there is a risk that future deaths will occur unless action is taken. In the circumstances it is my statutory duty to report to you. The MATTERS OF CONCERN are as follows. The inquest heard evidence that there was a culture amongst some teenagers who saw the possession of knives as being impressive and did not understand the risks that are inherent in the carrying of knives. 1 The knife that Yousef was stabbed with was a purchased with ease was clear from the evidence that schools and education play a vital role in attitudes to carrying knives by teenagers. during break time at school. It that had been 6 ACTION SHOULD BE TAKEN In my opinion action should be taken to prevent future deaths and I believe you have the power to take such action. 7 YOUR RESPONSE You are under a duty to respond to this report within 56 days of the date of this report, namely by 25th February 2022. I, the coroner, may extend the period. Your response must contain details of action taken or proposed to be taken, setting out the timetable for action. Otherwise you must explain why no action is proposed. 8 COPIES and PUBLICATION I have sent a copy of my report to the Chief Coroner and to the following Interested Persons namely the family, , , the IOPC and Greater Manchester Police, who may find it useful or of interest. I am also under a duty to send the Chief Coroner a copy of your response. The Chief Coroner may publish either or both in a complete or redacted or summary form. He may send a copy of this report to any person who he believes may find it useful or of interest. You may make representations to me, the coroner, at the time of your response, about the release or the publication of your response by the Chief Coroner. 9 31st December 2021 Alison Mutch HM Senior Coroner 2
1 response published against this report on judiciary.uk. A response is a body's written reply to the coroner's concerns; publication is at the discretion of the Chief Coroner's office, so an absent response does not mean nobody replied.
Will Quince MP Parliamentary Under-Secretary of State for Children and Families Sanctuary Buildings 20 Great Smith Street Westminster London SW1P 3BT Alison Mutch OBE Coroner’s Court 1 Mount Tabor Street Stockport SK1 3AG Dear Ms Mutch, 25 February 2022 Thank you for your letter of 31 December 2021 to the Secretary of State for Education enclosing your Regulation 28 report into the death of Yousef Ghaleb Makki. I am replying as the Minister for Children and Families. First, I would like to offer Yousef’s family my heartfelt condolences. I can only imagine how the circumstances of his death will add to their grief. Your report raises some important issues which I recognise. Tackling serious youth violence is a top priority for government. We do not want more young lives senselessly lost. Our approach involves a whole system strategy, working across government and with partners from across different sectors coming together to deliver a multi-agency response. The cross-Government Beating Crime plan, published in July 2021, includes measures such as the new serious violence duty for public agencies to work together and reduce serious violence. Within this strategy, education plays a vital role as a key protective factor for young people. For example, it can enable preventative work, such as helping young people to navigate the circumstances in which they might seek to obtain a weapon, as well as to understand the risks involved. This will be the focus of my response, addressing the following ‘Matters of Concern’ outlined in your report. These are: • There was a culture amongst some young people that knives were seen as impressive, and that they did not understand the risks involved in carrying them. The knife that was used to stab Yousef had been purchased online with ease during a school break time. • That education plays a vital role in addressing these attitudes and action should be taken by the Department for Education. The circumstances which lead a young person to carry a weapon can be complex and can include factors influenced by their environment and peer relationships which may mean that carrying a knife is associated with a sense of safety or status. Young people may also be affected by criminal exploitation through involvement in gangs and county lines drugs operations, and in particular the grooming relationships that often accompany this. Within schools, the relationships, sex and health education (RSHE) curriculum covers topics such as these which help to address some of the underlying causes and risks of carrying or using a weapon. Furthermore, pupils should be taught how to build positive and respectful relationships and appropriate ways of resolving conflict. We allow schools the discretion to tailor the content of the curriculum so that they can adapt this to the threats that face their pupils specifically. Issues around knife crime can also be taught as part of a school’s wider curriculum. For example, schools can choose to include lessons on weapons awareness and gangs as part of their Personal, Social, Health and Economic Education (PSHE) or Citizenship curriculum, with high quality materials available to schools to support teaching in these areas. The RSHE curriculum became statutory in September 2020. In the context of the COVID-19 pandemic, schools had flexibility to prioritise their RSHE teaching in the 2020/21 academic year to meet the immediate needs of pupils. However, we have been clear that schools must deliver a full RSHE curriculum this current academic year (i.e. academic year 2021/22). The Department for Education has plans in place to monitor the implementation of the RSHE curriculum over time. This includes measuring teacher confidence in teaching the statutory requirements, the quality of the curriculum delivery, and how the curriculum is improving children and young people's outcomes. In addition, Ofsted’s school inspection handbook sets out that inspectors will consider the provision for relationships education, relationships and sex education and health education as part of a wider judgment of pupils’ personal development. More widely, the Government has been pursuing an ambitious programme of work on school behaviour across the school system and are now consulting on the revised Behaviour in Schools guidance and revised Suspension and Permanent Exclusion guidance. This consultation is open until 31 March. We have included in both guidance documents that, where appropriate, staff should take account of any contributing factors that are identified after an incident of misbehaviour from a pupil has occurred, including if a pupil has been subject to criminal exploitation, or is experiencing significant challenges at home. We recognise that for those young people who are the most at risk of involvement in serious youth violence, more intensive support is needed within and around their schools. That is why we are also investing £45 million in two new programmes. The first of these is the Alternative Provision Specialist Taskforces, launched in November 2021, which involves specialists being drawn from across health, education, social care, youth services and youth justice to work directly with young people in Alternative Provision settings in 22 local areas suffering the worst serious violence, including Manchester, in order to offer them intensive support. We are closely evaluating this programme with the Youth Endowment Fund, the “what works centre” for serious youth violence. The second programme is the SAFE (‘Support, Attend, Fulfil, Exceed’) Taskforces programme, launched early this year. SAFE Taskforces will be led by partnerships of local secondary schools in 10 areas of the country where serious violence is most problematic (again, including Manchester). Their aim is to re-engage young people in their education and offer intensive early intervention and preventative support, which is informed by the research on what works to tackle serious violence. As school-led Taskforces, schools will be able to shape the support they commission and deliver to meet the needs of their pupils, within their local area. I appreciate that these programmes were not in place at the time Yousef was in school. However, I hope you will see that this government is committed to preventing serious youth violence and is taking concerted action in this regard by the Department for Education. On behalf of the Department for Education, I am grateful to you and Yousef’s family for sharing the circumstances of his death, and in doing so, adding to our knowledge about and commitment to preventing serious youth violence. Yours sincerely, Will Quince MP Parliamentary Under-Secretary of State for Children and Families
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