Prevention of Future Deaths reports · 2023

Marie Zarins

Regulation 28 report to prevent future deaths, reference 2023-0290, written 14 Aug 2023. A coroner writes one of these when an inquest reveals a risk that could cause further deaths unless something changes.

Date of report14 Aug 2023
Reference2023-0290
DeceasedMarie Zarins
CoronerIsobel Thistlethwaite
Coroner areaLeicester City and South Leicestershire
CategorySuicide (from 2015)
Organisation namedLeicestershire Partnership NHS Trust
Sourcejudiciary.uk record · original PDF
Responses published1

The report

Text extracted from the PDF text layer. Reproduced verbatim, including the scan's own layout.

Regulation 28: REPORT TO PREVENT FUTURE DEATHS 

NOTE:  This form is to be used after an inquest. 

REGULATION 28 REPORT TO PREVENT DEATHS 

THIS REPORT IS BEING SENT TO: 

Chief Executive, Leicestershire Partnership NHS Trust (via their legal representatives) 

1  CORONER 

I am Miss Isobel Thistlethwaite His Majesty’s Assistant Coroner for the coroner area of 
Leicester City and South Leicestershire 

2  CORONER’S LEGAL POWERS 

I make this report under paragraph 7, Schedule 5, of the Coroners and Justice Act 2009 and 
regulations 28 and 29 of the Coroners (Investigations) Regulations 2013. 

3 

INVESTIGATION and INQUEST 

On 02 December 2021 I commenced an investigation into the death of Marie ZARINS aged 42. 
The investigation concluded at the end of the inquest which took place on 13 and 14 July 
2023.  The conclusion of the inquest was: 

Suicide 

The cause of death was established as: 

I a Hanging (suspension by ligature) 

I b 

I c 

II 

4  CIRCUMSTANCES OF THE DEATH 

Miss Zarins was a 42 year old female who was reported missing by her family and discovered 
suspended 
death was confirmed at the scene by one of the attending paramedics on 24 November 2021 
at 16:04hours. 

, Leicestershire. Her 

Regulation 28 – After Inquest 
Document Template Updated 16/05/2023 

 5  CORONER’S CONCERNS 

During the course of the investigation my inquiries revealed matters giving rise to concern. In 
my opinion there is a risk that future deaths could occur unless action is taken.  In the 
circumstances it is my statutory duty to report to you. 

The MATTERS OF CONCERN are as follows: 

Pre-amble 

The  inquest  heard  evidence  that  Miss  Zarins  had  suffered  with  depression  since  2008.  She 
managed  this  by  taking  anti-depressant  medication  intermittently,  she  stopped  taking  her 
anti-depressants in June/July 2021. 

Miss  Zarins  came  under  the  care  of  Leicestershire  Partnership  NHS  Trust  (“LPT”)  on  22 
November 2021, after taking an intentional overdose the day before. Miss Zarins was initially 
under the care of LPT’s Mental Health Liaison team but was transferred to the care of LPT’s 
CRISIS  Team  when  she  returned  to  her  home  address  on  22  November  2021.  Miss  Zarins 
expressed  a  desire  to  work  with  the  CRISIS  team  and  to  recommence  anti-depressants  as 
soon as possible in order to improve her mental health. 

On  23  November  2021  Miss  Zarins  was  discussed  at  a  Multi-Disciplinary  Team  (“MDT”) 
meeting at LPT. The discussions at that meeting were fundamentally flawed, as was the plan 
for  Miss  Zarins’  care  moving  forward  that  was  formed  at  that  meeting  and  then 
implemented. The meeting proceeded on the basis that Miss Zarins was on, and had been on, 
anti-depressant medication at the time of taking the overdose, this was incorrect. 

The second and final MDT meeting where Miss Zarins was discussed (on 24 November 2021) 
also proceeded on this same mistaken basis. 

Despite Miss Zarins verbalising both her desire to get more sleep and her desire to go back 
onto anti-depressants as soon as possible, neither sleeping tablets nor anti-depressants were 
prescribed to her by LPT before she died. LPT continued to advise Miss Zarins that she would 
have to wait until 30 November 2021 to have a medical review. 

A member of LPT staff who was present at both MDT meetings informed the inquest that he 
did  not  have  time  to  read  the  notes  of  the  patients  that  were  to  be  discussed  at  the  MDT 
meetings.  The  staff  member  had  not  read  Miss  Zarins’  core  assessment  documentation 
(which correctly stated she was not on any anti-depressants) before either MDT meeting. 

Evidence  heard  at  inquest  was  that  Miss  Zarins  should  have  been  put  back  onto  anti-
depressants and prescribed sleeping tablets on 23 November 2021. 

LPT undertook a Serious Incident Investigation  into the care provided to Miss Zarins before 
her death. The investigation was wholly inadequate. Issues include, but are not limited to: 

1.  There was no medical input into the investigation; 

2.  The  investigation  failed  to  explore  appropriately  the  functionality  of  the  MDT 

meetings; 

Regulation 28 – After Inquest 
Document Template Updated 16/05/2023 

 3.  The  investigation  failed  to  identify  the  error  in  understanding  of  the  Miss  Zarins’ 

medication position; 

4.  Due  to  the  fact  that  the  investigation  failed  to  identify  the  error  relating  to  the 
understanding of the medication position, the investigation also failed to identify the 
fact  that  the  treatment  plan  that  was  implemented  was  flawed.  The  investigation 
failed to identify  the fact that Miss Zarins should have been recommenced  on anti-
depressants and prescribed sleeping tablets before her death. 

Notwithstanding  the  inadequacy  of  the  Serious  Incident  report  the  document  accepts  that, 
whilst the anti-depressants would not have had an immediate impact on Miss Zarins’ mood, 
the  thought  of  having  to  wait  a  week  for  this  medication  may  have  added  to  her  sense  of 
hopelessness. This was echoed by witnesses at the inquest. I also accept, on the balance of 
probabilities,  and  when  considered  alongside  Miss  Zarins’  clear  desire  to  recommence  her 
anti-depressants in order to get better, that the fact she was told she had to wait a week for 
a medical review would have added to her sense of hopelessness. 

Concerns 

1)  I am concerned about the CRISIS team MDT meetings and their functionality. It is 
difficult to understand how a meeting attended by around 7 people agreed a 
treatment plan which was based upon incorrect information relating to the patient’s 
medication status. This is particularly difficult to understand when the correct 
medication status is clearly documented in the patient’s core assessment paperwork 
(which was completed by the Liaison Team on 22 November 2021 and sent to the 
CRISIS Team). 

An LPT staff member was candid about the fact that he did not have enough time to 
review patients’ records before the MDT meetings, this is a grave concern. 

2)  I remain concerned about both the standard of documentation and lack of 

documentation relating to the discussion of Miss Zarins at the two MDT meetings. 
The Trust were only able to provide me with documentation relating to one of the 
two MDT meetings. That documentation is incorrectly completed and lacks detail. In 
particular, there is no detail about medication despite there being a specific box 
within which to document this. 

This problem of poor and/or missing documentation is not a risk that is limited to the 
CRISIS Team, it is one that could have ramifications not only across the Trust but 
across all of the bodies who come together to provide care for patients. 

3)  I remain gravely concerned about the inadequacies in the Serious Incident 

Investigation and Reporting processes at Leicestershire Partnership NHS Trust. 

The Serious Incident Investigation failed to identify the errors in the care provided to 
Miss Zarins making the use of the process somewhat otiose in this case. The failure to 
properly investigate led to the wholly untenable situation where errors in care were 
uncovered for the first time at inquest, which took place some 20 months after the 
date of death (due to witness availability). 

I am concerned that the lack of robust critical analysis and investigation of the care 

Regulation 28 – After Inquest 
Document Template Updated 16/05/2023 

 provided to Miss Zarins before her death has caused a delay to, and led to missed 
opportunities (for some staff) to learn lessons that are vital to patient safety. 

My concerns relating to the inadequacy of the Trust Serious Incident Investigations 
and the risks related to that go far beyond just the care provided by the CRISIS Team. 
The risks have the ability to prevent learning, therefore negatively impact upon 
patient safety, across the entire Trust. 

6  ACTION SHOULD BE TAKEN 

In my opinion action should be taken to prevent future deaths and I believe you (and/or your 
organisation) have the power to take such action. 

7 

YOUR RESPONSE 

You are under a duty to respond to this report within 56 days of the date of this report, 
namely by October 15, 2023.  I, the coroner, may extend the period. 

Your response must contain details of action taken or proposed to be taken, setting out the 
timetable for action.  Otherwise, you must explain why no action is proposed. 

8  COPIES and PUBLICATION 

I have sent a copy of my report to the Chief Coroner and to the following Interested Persons 

1.
2. 
3. 
4.  Leicestershire Partnership NHS Trust (via its legal representatives) 

, brother of the Deceased 

, partner of the Deceased 

, father and mother of the Deceased 

I am also under a duty to send a copy of your response to the Chief Coroner and all interested 
persons who in my opinion should receive it. 

I may also send a copy of your response to any person who I believe may find it useful or of 
interest. 

The Chief Coroner may publish either or both in a complete or redacted or summary form. 
He may send a copy of this report to any person who he believes may find it useful or of 
interest. 

You may make representations to me, the coroner, at the time of your response about the 
release or the publication of your response by the Chief Coroner. 

9 

Dated: 14/08/2023 

Miss I THISTLETHWAITE 
His Majesty's Assistant Coroner for Leicester City and South Leicestershire 

Regulation 28 – After Inquest 
Document Template Updated 16/05/2023

Responses

1 response published against this report on judiciary.uk. A response is a body's written reply to the coroner's concerns; publication is at the discretion of the Chief Coroner's office, so an absent response does not mean nobody replied.

Response from Leicestershire Partnership NHS Trust (PDF)
Leicestershire Partnership NHS Trust 
Bridge Park Plaza  
Bridge Park Road  
Thurmaston  
Leicester  
LE4 8PQ  

Date: 9 October 2023 

Dear Miss Thistlethwaite   

Re: Miss Marie Zarins 

Further  to  your  report  dated  14  August  2023,  in  accordance  with  paragraph  7, 
Schedule 5 of the Coroners and Justice Act 2009 and Regulations 28 and 29 of the 
Coroners (Investigations) Regulations 2013, I offer the following response.  

We have investigated the matters of concern that have arisen during the course of the 
inquest  of  Miss  Marie  Zarins,  Leicestershire  Partnership  NHS  Trust  takes  these 
matters very seriously. The matters of concern you have raised are as follows: 

1) I am concerned about the CRISIS team MDT meetings and their functionality. It is 
difficult to understand how a meeting attended by around 7 people agreed a 
treatment plan which was based upon incorrect information relating to the patient’s 
medication status. This is particularly difficult to understand when the correct 
medication status is clearly documented in the patient’s core assessment paperwork 
(which was completed by the Liaison Team on 22 November 2021 and sent to the 
CRISIS Team). 

An LPT staff member was candid about the fact that he did not have enough time to 
review patients’ records before the MDT meetings, this is a grave concern. 

Crisis Team MDT 

Medical  input  was  provided  by  a  Locum  Consultant  who  was  not  a  substantive 
member of LPT staff.  

Whilst the Locum Consultant held the belief that the patient was on prescribed anti-
depressant medication, the Crisis Team was not in agreement with this, it was their 
understanding that the patient was not on prescribed anti-depressant medication; the 
team  highlighted  in  the  original  investigation  that  they  had  made  this  known  to  the 
Locum  Consultant  during  the  MDT  meeting.  The  MDT  documented  the  patient’s 
treatment plan which was based on psychosocial intervention.  

LPT staff member not reviewing the patients record.  

We confirm that prior to the MDT meeting, the Locum Consultant accessed SystmOne 
for a period of seven minutes. We also confirm that they did not raise any concerns 
regarding MDT meetings with the Clinical or Medical Director. 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 The Trust was unable to contact the  Locum Consultant for input into the original SI 
investigation due to not holding the latest contact details; the Locum Consultant was 
no longer contracted to work with the Trust, and they had left the country.  

The Trust was unaware of any information from the Locum Consultant’s perspective 
and could not include the new evidence provided by them on the day within the initial 
SI report. Whilst we notified you of this lack of engagement on the day, we understand 
that you were not aware of this when initially reading the SI report. We now include a 
limitations section in our SI reports  so that it is clear if there are any areas that we 
have been unable to include within the investigation.  

As  agreed  during  the  inquest,  contact  details  were  shared  with  the  Trust  and  the 
Locum Consultant is now engaging in our review of the original SI report. 

2) I remain concerned about both the standard of documentation and lack of 
documentation relating to the discussion of Miss Zarins at the two MDT meetings. 
The Trust were only able to provide me with documentation relating to one of the 
two MDT meetings. That documentation is incorrectly completed and lacks detail. In 
particular, there is no detail about medication despite there being a specific box 
within which to document this. 

This problem of poor and/or missing documentation is not a risk that is limited to the 
CRISIS Team, it is one that could have ramifications not only across the Trust but 
across all of the bodies who come together to provide care for patients. 

We  confirm  that  notes  from  the  two  MDT meetings  are  available  and  we  recognise 
that only one set was initially shared with you. The second MDT was held at 10:00 on 
the  morning  of  Miss  Zarin’s  death  and  therefore  any  decisions  made  and  plans 
formulated would not have been actioned in time to provide support to her.  We will 
provide further detail of this MDT meeting in our review of the initial SI report.  

In  order  to  learn  and  improve,  the  Trust  has  actioned  a  quality  improvement 
programme which will review our MDT processes and improve the functionality of the 
recording and documenting of MDT meeting notes. This is focussed within the Crisis 
Team initially and will be further rolled out to  Community Mental Health Teams and 
inpatient  areas.  We  will  capture  the  learning  from  this  inquest  and  other  SI  reports 
produced by the Trust and will share this learning across the Trust through our learning 
forums and Quality Improvement Collaboratives.  

3) I remain gravely concerned about the inadequacies in the Serious Incident 
Investigation and Reporting processes at Leicestershire Partnership NHS Trust. 
The Serious Incident Investigation failed to identify the errors in the care provided to 
Miss Zarins making the use of the process somewhat otiose in this case. The failure 
to properly investigate led to the wholly untenable situation where errors in care were 
uncovered for the first time at inquest, which took place some 20 months after the 
date of death (due to witness availability). 

I am concerned that the lack of robust critical analysis and investigation of the care 
opportunities (for some staff) to learn lessons that are vital to patient safety. 
My concerns relating to the inadequacy of the Trust Serious Incident Investigations 
and the risks related to that go far beyond just the care provided by the CRISIS Team. 

 
  
 
 
 
 
 The risks have the ability to prevent learning, therefore negatively impact upon 
patient safety, across the entire Trust. 

Earlier  this  year,  the  Royal  College  of  Psychiatrists’  Serious  Incident  Review 
Accreditation  Network  (SIRAN)  awarded  accreditation  to  the  Trust  for  our  Serious 
Incident  (SI)  processes.  This  is  a  national  quality  improvement  and  accreditation 
network  for  Mental  Health  Trusts.  This  accreditation  concentrates  on  the  quality  of 
investigations and reviews and ensures processes are in place to work meaningfully 
with patients, their families and staff equally to identify learning. We were awarded this 
accreditation in recognition of the high standard of SI reporting undertaken by the Trust 
in  2023.  We  believe  that  this  demonstrates  the  pace  and  extent  of  improvement 
undertaken since the time of the SI report in relation to Miss Zarin’s death. We continue 
to  build  on  this  as  we  transition  towards  the  Patient  Safety  Incident  Response 
Framework.  

As a Trust we are all committed to ensuring that all the identified service actions are 
robust and completed within the agreed timescales. We hope this reassures you that 
we are taking appropriate action in response to your findings.  

If I can be of any further assistance to you please do not hesitate to contact me.  

Yours sincerely  

Chief Executive

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