Prevention of Future Deaths reports · 2023

Andrew Bowles

Regulation 28 report to prevent future deaths, reference 2023-0423, written 31 Jan 2023. A coroner writes one of these when an inquest reveals a risk that could cause further deaths unless something changes.

Date of report31 Jan 2023
Reference2023-0423
DeceasedAndrew Bowles
CoronerAna Samuel
Coroner areaBirmingham and Solihull
CategoryOther related deaths
Organisation namedSandwell and West Birmingham Hospitals NHS Trust
Sourcejudiciary.uk record · original PDF
Responses published1

The report

Text extracted from the PDF text layer. Reproduced verbatim, including the scan's own layout.

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REGULATION 28 REPORT TO PREVENT FUTURE DEATHS 

THIS REPORT IS BEING SENT TO:  Sandwell and West Birmingham NHS Trust and 
Birmingham and Solihull Mental Health NHS Foundation Trust. 
CORONER 

  I am Ana Samuel, Assistant Coroner for Birmingham and Solihull 
CORONER'S LEGAL POWERS 

 I make this report under paragraph 7, Schedule 5, of the Coroners and Justice Act 2009 and 
regulations 28 and 29 of the Coroners (Investigations) Regulations 2013. 
INVESTIGATION and INQUEST 

 On 1 June 2023 I commenced an investigation into the death of Andrew BOWLES. The 
investigation concluded at the end of the inquest. The conclusion of the inquest was; Drowned in 
a canal, having recently attended hospital suffering with a deterioration in mental health. It is 
unknown how he entered the water nor his intent at the time. 

CIRCUMSTANCES OF THE DEATH  

  On 15th May 2023 the deceased, who had an extensive mental health background 
including self-harm, was taken to Birmingham City Hospital, concerns having been raised 
after he had been seen running in and out of traffic. He was deemed medically fit and was 
referred for psychiatric assessment. Following assessment referrals were made to the 
home treatment team and the homeless pathway team, there being no undue concerns 
noted by psychiatric liaison. Discharge was documented at 23.30, with an expectation that 
the deceased would remain in A&E until the following morning. CCTV footage showed the 
deceased leaving the hospital grounds at 23.28. The deceased was found face down in the 
canal under the road bridge of Dudley Road at 6.34 on the 16th May 2023, it being unclear 
how and when he entered the water. 

 Following a post mortem the medical cause of death was determined to be: 

 1a   Drowning 

 1b    

 1c    

 II     
CORONER'S CONCERNS 

 During the course of the inquest the evidence revealed matters giving rise to concern. In my 
opinion there is a risk that future deaths will occur unless action is taken. In the circumstances it 
is my statutory duty to report to you. 

 The MATTERS OF CONCERN are as follows.  - 

1.  Mr Bowles had an extensive mental health history with incidents of self-harm and 

suicidal intent. 

2.  On 15th May 2023 Mr Bowles had told attending paramedics and the triage nurse 

at Birmingham City hospital that over the last 24 hours he had been hearing voices 

  
  
  
  
  
 
 that were telling him to hurt himself and others. When he was seen, post triage, by 
the doctor (SHO) 

 Having 

been deemed to have no physical health needs a referral was made to the 
psychiatric liaison team. 

3.  The mental health liaison nurse from Birmingham and Solihull mental health NHS 
foundation trust did not have a log in to be able to directly access City Hospital 
records, but rather relied on a colleague to access any notes and provide a verbal 
handover. Further, she stated in evidence that her assessment may have taken 
place prior to the A&E notes being put onto the system, as she was unaware that 
Mr Bowles had been experiencing command hallucinations and had thoughts of 
self-harm, the same being denied when she saw him less than an hour later. Her 
evidence was clear, that had she been privy to this information, it would have put a 
different angle on the assessment and would have led down the route of 
psychiatric review for potential admission. 

4.  I am concerned that the mental health liaison nurse undertook her assessment 

without having access to City Hospital records, which contained essential 
information that would have impacted on her assessment. I am concerned that 
there may still be a risk to the life of some patients if the mental health liaison team 
and Birmingham City Hospital are not ensuring that essential patient records are 
being appropriately shared and read prior to diagnosis and treatment. The 
situation may well be the same at University Hospitals Birmingham, given that 
Birmingham and Solihull Mental Health NHS foundation Trust also run a mental 
health liaison service in the A&E department. 

ACTION SHOULD BE TAKEN 

 In my opinion action should be taken to prevent future deaths and I believe you have the power 
to take such action. 

YOUR RESPONSE 

 You are under a duty to respond to this report within 56 days of the date of this report, namely by 
27 December 2023. I, the coroner, may extend the period. 

Your response must contain details of action taken or proposed to be taken, setting out the 
timetable for action. Otherwise you must explain why no action is proposed.  

COPIES and PUBLICATION 

 I have sent a copy of my report to the Chief Coroner and to the following Interested Persons: The 
next of kin. 

 I have also sent it to the Medical Examiner, Birmingham and Solihull Integrated Care board, 
Public Health England, Department of Health, University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation 
Trust who may find it useful or of interest. 

 I am also under a duty to send the Chief Coroner a copy of your response. 

 The Chief Coroner may publish either or both in a complete or redacted or summary form. He 
may send a copy of this report to any person who he believes may find it useful or of interest. You 

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 may make representations to me, the coroner, at the time of your response, about the release or 
the publication of your response by the Chief Coroner. 
 31 October 2023  

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Signature: 

Ana Samuel 

Assistant Coroner for Birmingham and Solihull

Responses

1 response published against this report on judiciary.uk. A response is a body's written reply to the coroner's concerns; publication is at the discretion of the Chief Coroner's office, so an absent response does not mean nobody replied.

Response from Birmingham and Solihull Mental Health NHS Foundation Trust (PDF)
Legal Department 
Uffculme Centre , 
52, Queensbridge Road 
Birmingham 
B13 8QY 

Date:  21 December 2023 

Mrs A Samuel, 
Assistant Coroner, 
Birmingham and Solihull Areas, 
Steelhouse Lane, 
BIRMINGHAM B4 6BJ 

Dear Mrs Samuel, 

RE: Andrew Bowles 

Thank  you  for  your  Prevention  of  Future  Deaths  letter  of  the  31  October  2023  raising  the 
concerns you have around the sharing of information between the two trusts on the front line, 
specifically in relation to the accessing of electronic patient records. We have worked together 
to try and address your concerns and therefore felt that it would be beneficial to provide a joint 
response in regard to the matters arising from your PFD. 

We  would  like to begin by  assuring  you that the staff in Accident  and Emergency do work 
closely with the Psychiatric Liaison Team to ensure the safe care of patients. For some time 
the permanent staff in the Psychiatric Liaison Team (PLT) based at City Hospital Accident and 
Emergency  Department  (A&E)  have  been  able  to  access  the  electronic  records  and  also 
contribute to the records of the Sandwell and West Birmingham  NHS Trust. This has been 
crucial in keeping not just the A&E and PLT staff up to date but also the Ward staff, if a patient 
is admitted. 

In  the  past any “bank staff”  (temporary staff) who were on shift would ask a member of the 
permanent team to access the records, so that they could review them prior to seeing a patient 
and would also ask permanent staff to update the records, following their review. Following 
the PFD, a joint meeting has taken place between the two trusts, and we have been able to 
identify  that  a  number  of  the  bank  staff  are  regularly  working  bank  shifts  within  the  PLT. 
Therefore  these  staff  will  now  be  allocated  access  to  hospital  records.  This  will  improve 
matters considerably in this area. 

There are a small number of staff who may be called in from agencies when there are no other 
staff available. As these staff may be new to the team and/or to both trusts and only working 
one  shift,  it  is unlikely  that an account  is  set up immediately  for  them  with the  Hospital.  In 
these exceptional circumstance, when the local induction takes place, they will be advised of 
the processes in place for them to speak with other permanent team members to access the 
City Hospital notes.  They will review them prior to speaking with the patient and also update 
the records with their assessment after. Now that BSMHFT bank staff also have access to the 

Customer Relations: Mon–Fri, 8am–6pm  │  Tel: 0800 953 0045  │  Email: bsmhft.customerrelations@nhs.net 

  │  Website: www.bsmhft.nhs.uk 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
     
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
    
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 notes, there will be more staff with access to the records available to support this.  They will 
also  be  able  to  update hospital  staff  with  their  reviews  and  fully  support  staff  through  joint 
working. Any issues will be monitored through clinical governance at BSMHFT. 

Please be assured, we did explore all possible options including providing a generic log on for 
agency only staff who may  be carrying out one shift. However from an information governance 
perspective  it  would  not  be  possible  to  ascertain  who  had  inputted  the  information  and 
therefore there would be no traceability or accountability in place, if any problem arose. This 
is  contra  to  the  lawful  processing  of  confidential  information.  Therefore  the  only  option 
available was  to strengthen the number  of  PLT staff who have access to the  City  Hospital 
records to address any concerns going forward and ensure smooth working. 

We  would  like  to  assure  you  that  we  are  working  very  closely  together  to  ensure  that  all 
patients receive the right care at the right time. We appreciate that sharing of information is 
crucial for this to take place and so are working to resolve this problem as a matter of urgency. 
We hope this offers you full reassurance in respect of the issues you have raised. 

Yours sincerely 

Chief Executive 
BSMHFT 

Chief Executive 
Sandwell and West Birmingham NHS Trust 

Customer Relations: Mon–Fri, 8am–6pm  │  Tel: 0800 953 0045  │  Email: bsmhft.customerrelations@nhs.net 

  │  Website: www.bsmhft.nhs.uk

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