Prevention of Future Deaths reports · 2024

Dayle Bates

Regulation 28 report to prevent future deaths, reference 2024-0070, written 8 Feb 2024. A coroner writes one of these when an inquest reveals a risk that could cause further deaths unless something changes.

Date of report8 Feb 2024
Reference2024-0070
DeceasedDayle Bates
CoronerRobert Cohen
Coroner areaCumbria
CategoryAlcohol, drug and medication related deaths
Sourcejudiciary.uk record · original PDF
Responses published1

The report

Text extracted from the PDF text layer. Reproduced verbatim, including the scan's own layout.

Kally Cheema LLB | Senior Coroner | Cumbria 

           Fairfield, Station Road, Cockermouth, Cumbria CA13 9PT            

8 February 2024 

1 

2 

REGULATION 28 REPORT TO PREVENT FUTURE DEATHS 

THIS REPORT IS BEING SENT TO:  Recovery Steps Cumbria 

CORONER 

I am Robert Cohen HM Assistant Coroner for Cumbria  

CORONER’S LEGAL POWERS 

I make this report under paragraph 7, Schedule 5, of the Coroners and Justice Act 2009 
and regulations 28 and 29 of the Coroners (Investigations) Regulations 2013. 

http://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2009/25/schedule/5/paragraph/7 

http://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2013/1629/part/7/made 

INVESTIGATION and INQUEST 

On 8 September 2023 I commenced an investigation into the death of Dayle BATES. The 
investigation concluded at the end of the inquest . The conclusion of the inquest was 

Drug related death. 

3 

1a   Drug Intoxication 

1b    

1c    

 II     

 
  
  
   
 
  
  
  
  
 CIRCUMSTANCES OF THE DEATH 

4 

Dayle  Bates  was  39  years  old.  He  lived  in  Workington,  Cumbria.  Mr  Bates  had  a  past 
medical history of drug misuse. On 31st August 2023 Mr Bates' body was discovered at 
his home. Ambulance staff were unable to revive Mr Bates and his death was confirmed 
at  11:50.  A  post  mortem  examination  has  confirmed  that  his  death  was  caused  by  the 
combined effect of heroin, bromazolam, protonitazene, xylazine and alcohol. 

CORONER’S CONCERNS 

During the course of the inquest the evidence revealed matters giving rise to concern. In 
my opinion there is a risk that future deaths will occur unless action is taken. In the 
circumstances it is my statutory duty to report to you. 

The MATTERS OF CONCERN are as follows.  – 

(1)  Mr  Bates  had  a  prescription  for  methadone  issued  by  Recovery  Steps.  He  was 
required to collect a dose each day from a named pharmacy. On 14th July 2023 Mr Bates 
stopped  collecting  methadone.  The  pharmacy  explained  that  they  sought  to  inform 
Recovery Steps of this development shortly after 14th but did not have any contact details 
other than a general number which is not always answered and a direct line for one key 
worker.  They  attempted  to  raise  their  concerns  with  that  key  worker,  but  the  message 
appears  not  to  have  been  relayed.  Recovery  Steps  did  not  become  aware  that  Mr  Bate 
was not collecting methadone until 30th August 2023.  

5 

In answer to question from the Court, the pharmacy have also indicated that although it is 
there  practice  to  inform  Recovery  Steps  of  any  other  concerns  they  might  have  about  a 
person  prescribed  with  methadone,  this  is  a  voluntary  decision  on  their  part  and  not  a 
matter that arises from any obligation. 

I am concerned that this situation gives rise to a risk of future death. It appears that there 
is no direct means by which a pharmacy can report to Recovery Steps that a service user 
has stopped collecting methadone. There is also no apparent obligation on pharmacies to 
report wider concerns for service users' welfare to Recovery Steps. In each case this may 
mean  that  Recovery  Steps  are  unaware  that  vulnerable  service  users  require  additional 
support.  

ACTION SHOULD BE TAKEN 

6 

In my opinion action should be taken to prevent future deaths and I believe you Recovery 
Steps Cumbria have the power to take such action. 
YOUR RESPONSE 

You are under a duty to respond to this report within 56 days of the date of this report, 
namely by 5th April 2024. I, the coroner, may extend the period. 

7 

Your response must contain details of action taken or proposed to be taken, setting out 
the timetable for action. Otherwise you must explain why no action is proposed. 
COPIES and PUBLICATION 

8 

I have sent a copy of my report to the Chief Coroner and to the following Interested 
Persons: the family of Mr Bates.  

I have also sent it to 

 of J H Sandham Chemists, who may find it useful 

  
  
 or of interest. 

I am also under a duty to send the Chief Coroner a copy of your response. 

The Chief Coroner may publish either or both in a complete or redacted or summary 
form. He may send a copy of this report to any person who he believes may find it useful 
or of interest. You may make representations to me, the coroner, at the time of your 
response, about the release or the publication of your response by the Chief Coroner. 
8 February 2024 

9 

Signature 

Robert Cohen HM Assistant Coroner for

Responses

1 response published against this report on judiciary.uk. A response is a body's written reply to the coroner's concerns; publication is at the discretion of the Chief Coroner's office, so an absent response does not mean nobody replied.

Response from Recovery Steps Cumbria (PDF)
Recovery Steps Cumbria  
Stocklund House 
Castle Street 
Carlisle 
CA3 8SY 

Coroner’s Office 
Fairfield 
Station Road 
Cockermouth 
CA13 9PT 

22nd March 2024  

Dear Mr Cohen 

Re: Humankinds response in regard to the Regulation 28, following the Inquest into 
the late Dayle Bates 

Following on from your letter dated 8th February 2024, which outlined the matters of concern 
identified during the coronial process, as the Area Manager of the addictions services within 
Cumbria I would like to detail a response to the particular concerns you have raised.  

It is stated within your findings that Recovery Steps Cumbria issued Mr Bates with a 
methadone prescription, to clarify Mr Bates’ care was managed under Shared Care, which 
means that he was provided with Opioid Substitute Treatment (OST) via his General 
Practitioner, with Recovery Steps Cumbria working in partnership with the GP to deliver 
psychosocial interventions. In this instance the prescriber was from James St Surgery in 
Workington, and it is the GP surgery who owns the prescription and is responsible for the 
management of medication in Mr Bates’ case.  

With regards to the comments made by the Community Pharmacy, they are inaccurate. 
There is a duty upon Pharmacists with regards to liaison with prescribers for controlled 
medication as set out in their Medicines, Ethics and Practice Guidance (MEP). The actual 
wording from the MEP Guidance is: “If you know a patient has missed three days’ prescribed 
treatment (or the number of days defined by any local agreement with the prescriber), there 
is a risk that they will have lost tolerance to the drug and the usual dose may cause 
overdose. In the best interests of the patient, consider contacting the prescriber to discuss 
appropriate next steps.” MEP Section 3.6.7 Prescription requirements for Schedule 2 and 3 
Controlled Drugs. 

    Recovery Steps Cumbria is a service led by Humankind.  Humankind is a company registered in England.  Registered Company No1820492 and a 
Registered Charity No. 515755. VAT No 334676343.Registered Social Landlord (RSL) 4713Registered Office: Inspiration House, Unit 22 Bowburn North 
Industrial Estate DH6 5PF 

                                                                                       
 
 
 
 
           
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Although in this instance the prescription wasn’t managed by Recovery Steps Cumbria, as a 
point of further assurance in regard to how Humankind manages communication with 
Community Pharmacies, all prescriptions generated by Recovery Steps Cumbria has official 
Home Office approved wording on them which states "Please dispense instalments due on 
pharmacy closed days on a prior suitable day. If a collection has been missed, please 
dispense the amount due for remaining day(s). Consult a prescriber if 3 or more consecutive 
days have been missed. Dispense daily doses in separate containers”.  

As of January 2024, The Office for Health Improvement and Disparities has published new 
guidance for Community Pharmacies delivering substance misuse services, under the 
management of missed doses section, guidance clearly states “If a person misses 3 
consecutive doses (or any doses during titration) for an opioid substitute, the pharmacist 
should put the prescription ‘on hold’. The pharmacist (or another designated pharmacy staff 
member) should then contact the prescriber to discuss if it’s suitable to continue to supply 
the opioid substitute. If they cannot contact the prescriber (for example when working out of 
hours), the person may be refused one or more doses. The pharmacist should record all 
refusals (with associated rationale) on the person’s PMR and on the prescription, and they 
should tell the prescriber as soon as possible”. While the publication date for this was after 
the date of this case, it is clear from the MEP guidance and “best practice” in supporting 
patients prescribed OST that pharmacists contact the prescriber i.e., the Shared Care GP, if 
a patient has failed to collect 3-days consecutive OST medication. 

Humankind has Service Level Agreement’s (SLA’s) in place with Community Pharmacies 
who deliver Supervised Consumption and Needle and Syringe provision on behalf of the 
service. Humankind also has SLA’s in place with all GP surgeries who deliver Shared Care. 
In all SLA’s there is clear guidance with regards to the roles and responsibilities of each 
party. A copy of the current SLA for Community Pharmacies delivering OST supervised 
consumption services has been attached for your information. For point of clarity, Mr Bates 
was not on supervised consumption at the time of his death, however, it was felt appropriate 
to share the content of the SLA to demonstrate the duty placed on parties in regard to the 
appropriate management of cases, in particular those cases where consecutive missed 
doses occur.  

In response to the concerns raised regarding the difficulty the Community Pharmacy 
experienced contacting the service, Humankind has completed an in-depth reviewal of the 
clinical system the service uses, to establish any recorded activity contained within Mr Bates 
case file or in reference to Mr Bates’s treatment during the time period when Mr Bates 
stopped collecting his medication until the time Recovery Steps Cumbria were notified of his 
death. No activity was found during this time period. In addition, phone data was requested 
from the telephone provider to enable call analysis to be conducted, however, only 6 months’ 
worth of historical data can be accessed which didn’t cover the time period being reviewed. 
Although Recovery Steps has found no evidence that a call was received, or that a named 
worker was contacted by the Community Pharmacy, the service has communicated with all 
staff the importance of accurate record keeping and information sharing following all phone 
calls received. This has also been included in Recovery Steps Cumbria’s record keeping 
training.  

Recovery Steps Cumbria has 2 predominant contact methods that are used by partners and 
individuals seeking support, the first being via telephone, where one phone number is used  

    Recovery Steps Cumbria is a service led by Humankind.  Humankind is a company registered in England.  Registered Company No1820492 and a 
Registered Charity No. 515755. VAT No 334676343.Registered Social Landlord (RSL) 4713Registered Office: Inspiration House, Unit 22 Bowburn North 
Industrial Estate DH6 5PF 

                                                                                       
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 to cover all sites within Cumbria, we have a dedicated team of Administrators who answer all 
incoming calls during opening hours. Humankind does acknowledge that at times phone 
lines are busy, which can mean a delay in getting through to an Administrator. The second 
general contact method is via email, the service has a referral email address and an 
additional secure email address, which is predominantly used by partner agencies, both 
email accounts are monitored daily.  

For assurance, in light of your findings, Humankind has undertaken a targeted piece of work 
to address and reduce risk in the hope that future deaths are prevented, this work includes: 

•  That all Community Pharmacies have correct contact information for Recovery Steps 

Cumbria, including phone numbers and secure email addresses.  

•  That all Community Pharmacies are aware of the obligations on them when it comes 

to dispensing Opioid Substitution Treatment. 

•  Communication has been had with both the North and South Cumbria 

Pharmaceutical Committees. 

•  That the medicines optimisation leads from both North and South Cumbria’s 

Integrated Care Boards are informed of the issue that has been highlighted and that 
there is a co-ordinated approach to services delivered to the people in Cumbria. 
•  Communication had with all Shared Care services, to ascertain if approved Home 

Office wording is detailed on all prescriptions generated, if not, for them to ensure it is 
added moving forward.  

I hope that the above offers reassurance in respect of how Humankind has responded to the 
issues you have raised. Reducing drug and alcohol related deaths within the county is a 
priority for Humankind, and we are committed to working collaboratively with all partner 
agencies to learn from and reduce the number of deaths in the area.  

Yours sincerely 

Area Manager  

    Recovery Steps Cumbria is a service led by Humankind.  Humankind is a company registered in England.  Registered Company No1820492 and a 
Registered Charity No. 515755. VAT No 334676343.Registered Social Landlord (RSL) 4713Registered Office: Inspiration House, Unit 22 Bowburn North 
Industrial Estate DH6 5PF

Related reports

Other reports by Robert Cohen

See all →

More reports categorised “Alcohol, drug and medication related deaths”

See all →

Track Alcohol, drug and medication related deaths

See every Prevention of Future Deaths report matching Alcohol, drug and medication related deaths, and how often a new one appears.

What would an alert for this have sent me? Search the full text

Free to try — the preview shows the real matches and how many arrived in the last 12 months. Your first email alert is free.

These reports are published by the Chief Coroner's office at judiciary.uk and are © Crown copyright. The text here is reproduced from the published PDF so it can be searched. If something on this page is wrong, or you are a person named in it and want it reviewed, email drcjar@gmail.com and we will act promptly.