Prevention of Future Deaths reports · 2024

Sunnah Khan and Joseph Abbess

Regulation 28 report to prevent future deaths, reference 2024-0538, written 10 Oct 2024. A coroner writes one of these when an inquest reveals a risk that could cause further deaths unless something changes.

Date of report10 Oct 2024
Reference2024-0538
DeceasedSunnah Khan and Joseph Abbess
CoronerRachael Griffin
Coroner areaDorset
CategoryChild Death (from 2015) · Other related deaths
Organisation namedSouth West Ambulance Service NHS Foundation Trust
Sourcejudiciary.uk record · original PDF
Responses published1

The report

Text extracted from the PDF text layer. Reproduced verbatim, including the scan's own layout.

REGULATION 28:  REPORT TO PREVENT FUTURE DEATHS (1) 

NOTE: This form is to be used after an inquest. 

REGULATION 28 REPORT TO PREVENT FUTURE DEATHS 

THIS REPORT IS BEING SENT TO: 

1. 

, Secretary of State for Education   

1  CORONER 

I am Rachael Clare Griffin, Senior Coroner, for the Coroner Area of Dorset. 

2  CORONER’S LEGAL POWERS 

I make this report under paragraph 7, Schedule 5, of the Coroners and Justice 
Act 2009 and regulations 28 and 29 of the Coroners (Investigations) Regulations 
2013. 

3 

INVESTIGATION and INQUEST 

On  the  2nd  June  2023,  an  investigation  was  commenced  into  the  deaths  of 
Sunnah Summayah Khan, born on the 11th January 2011 and Joseph Ian Abbess 
born on 22nd November 2005. 

The investigation concluded at the end of the Inquest on the 4th October 2024. 

The medical causes of death were: 

Ia Drowning  

The conclusion of both of the Inquests was accident  

4  CIRCUMSTANCES OF THE DEATH 

On  the  31st  May  2023  both  Sunnah,  who  was  12  years  of  age,  and  Joe,  who 
was  17  years  of  age,  travelled  to  Bournemouth  to  spend  the  day  at 
Bournemouth  East  Beach.  Sunnah  had  travelled  with  her  family  and  Joe  had 
travelled  with  his  friends.  Neither  knew  each  other.  At  some  point  after  15.14 
hours they, separately, entered the waters at the beach in the designated safer 
swim zone, where they remained. At approximately 15.45 hours an intense flash 
rip current occurred in the waters, and both became separated from those they 
were  with  in  the  water.  At  approximately  16.18  hours,  Joe  was  seen  in  an 
unresponsive  condition  faced  down  in  the  water.  He  was  recovered  from  the 
water straight away and despite attempts at resuscitation and a brief period of 
return  of  spontaneous  circulation,  his  death  was  confirmed  later  that  day.  At 
approximately  16.45  hours,  Sunnah  was  seen  in  an  unresponsive  condition 
faced  down  in  the  water  at  the  shoreline.  She  was  recovered  from  the  water 
straight  away  and  despite  attempts  at  resuscitation,  her  death  was  confirmed 
later that day. 

1 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 5  CORONER’S CONCERNS 

During the course of the inquest the evidence revealed matters giving rise to 
concern. In my opinion there is a risk that future deaths will occur unless action 
is taken. In the circumstances it is my statutory duty to report to you. 
The MATTERS OF CONCERN are as follows:   

1.  During the inquest evidence was heard that: 

i. 

As  the  Maritime  and  Coastguard  Agency  (the  MCA)  “Managing 
Beach Safety” document (found here) highlights, UK beaches are 
special places which attract millions of people every year to enjoy 
the beauty of the beach and create lifelong memories. Like every 
other  body  of  water  there 
is  an  element  of  risk  and 
unpredictability which can lead to fatalities through drowning.  

ii.  One  of  the  ways  to  reduce  fatalities  through  drowning  is  by 
warning and informing users the water of the potential dangers.  

iii. 

The  National  Water  Safety  Forum  (NWSF)  was  formed  in  2004 
and is a UK-focused voluntary network working to reduce water-
related deaths and associated harm. Members of the NWSF have 
undertaken a great deal of work to supplement the awareness of 
water  safety.  This  includes,  for  example,  work  by  the  Royal 
National  Lifeboat  Institution  (the  RNLI),  the  MCA  and  the  Royal 
Lifeguarding  Safety  Society  (the  RLSS)  to  name  just  a  few 
organisations.  Despite  the  great  efforts  by  these  agencies, 
unfortunately this information is only available to those who have 
access  to  it,  whether  that  be  through  the  internet,  media 
campaigns or other resources.  

iv.  Water  safety  is  covered  in  the  physical  education  part  of  the 
curriculum  at  primary  schools  in  the  UK  and  by  the  end  of 
primary  school  all  children  should  be  able  to  swim  at  least  25 
metres  and  have  an  understanding  of  self-rescue  and  survival 
skills to undertake the practical element of this learning. 

v. 

vi. 

Research,  which  was  undertaken  prior  to  the  covid  pandemic 
which  began  in  March  2020,  has  shown  that  1  in  4  children  do 
not  get  access  to  this  education.  Further  since  the  covid 
pandemic  there  has  been  a  reduction  in  schools’  access  to 
swimming pools.  

If  children  do  not  get  access  to  this  vital  lifesaving  education  in 
school, there are concerns as to where this awareness will come 
from.  Some  will  receive  it  from  privately  funded  swimming 
lessons,  however  not  every  child  is  fortunate  enough  to  have 
such lessons.  

vii. 

The  RLSS  and  Sunnah  and  Joe’s  mothers  have been  advocating 
for  water  safety  to  become  part  of  the  classroom  part  of  the 
curriculum  as  opposed  to  the  physical  education  part  of  the 

2 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 curriculum  on  the  basis  that  if  children  cannot  do  the  practical 
part of water safety, they will at least have access to water safety 
awareness and lifesaving skills in a classroom setting. 

viii.  Members  of  the  NWSF,  for  example,  volunteer  members  of  the 
RNLI,  the  MCA  do  go  into  schools  to  provide  talks  to  children, 
however, this would not be provided at every school. Further, the 
RLSS  and  Swim  England  provide  resources  that  can  be  used  in 
schools  to  educate  children  about  the  risks  and  survival  skills 
around water safety. Again, this is delivered on a voluntary basis 
and will not be provided in every school. 

2.  I have concerns with regard to the following: 

i. 

ii. 

There  are inherent  dangers  of using  any form of  water  and it  is 
crucial for people to have an awareness of these risks and how to 
manage  them  as  the  lack  of  awareness  could  lead  to  more 
deaths from drowning. 

An  ideal  opportunity  to  warn  and  inform  all  members  of  the 
public would be through educating children of the risks. The lack 
of providing education to children around these risks through the 
national classroom curriculum could lead to future deaths.  

6  ACTION SHOULD BE TAKEN 

In  my  opinion  urgent  action  should  be  taken  to  prevent  future  deaths  and  I 
believe you and/or your organisation have the power to take such action.    

7  YOUR RESPONSE 

You are under a duty to respond to this report within 56 days of the date of this 
report, 5th December 2024. I, the coroner, may extend the period. 

Your  response  must  contain  details  of  action  taken  or  proposed  to  be  taken, 
setting out the timetable for action. Otherwise you must explain why no action 
is proposed. 

8  COPIES and PUBLICATION 

I  have  sent  a  copy  of  my  report  to  the  Chief  Coroner  and  to  the  following 
Interested Persons: 

(1) Sunnah’s family 
(2) Joe’s family 
(3) Royal National Lifeboat Institution 
(4) Maritime and Coastguard Agency on behalf of His Majesty’s Coastguard 
(5) BCP Council 
(6) South West Ambulance Service NHS Foundation Trust 

I am also under a duty to send the Chief Coroner a copy of your response.  

3 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 I  have  also  sent  a  copy  of  this  report  to  the  following  persons  for  their 
awareness:  

a)  The National Water Safety Forum 
b)  The Royal Lifeguarding Saving Society 

The  Chief  Coroner  may  publish  either  or  both  in  a  complete  or  redacted  or 
summary  form.  He  may  send  a  copy  of  this  report  to  any  person  who  he 
believes may find it useful or of interest. You may make representations to me, 
the coroner, at the time of your response, about the release or the publication 
of your response by the Chief Coroner. 

9  Dated 

Signed 

Rachael C Griffin 

10th October 2024                                       

4

Responses

1 response published against this report on judiciary.uk. A response is a body's written reply to the coroner's concerns; publication is at the discretion of the Chief Coroner's office, so an absent response does not mean nobody replied.

Response from Department for Education (PDF)
Minister for School Standards 

Department for Education Sanctuary Buildings 20 Great Smith Street London SW1P 3BT 

5 December 2024 

Dear Rachel Griffin, 

The Secretary of State for Education has had the privilege of receiving and 
responding to correspondence from both Sunnah and Joe’s mothers and I also 
extend my heartfelt condolences to them and their families. Thank you for writing to 
, Secretary of State for Education, following the conclusion of the 

Inquest of the deaths of Sunnah Summayah Khan and Joseph Ian Abbess enclosing 
the prevention of future deaths report.  

The prevention of future deaths report sets out the importance of water safety 
awareness and you state that “An ideal opportunity to warn and inform all members 
of the public would be through educating children of the risks. The lack of providing 
education to children around these risks through the national classroom curriculum 
could lead to future deaths.” 

I agree that schools have a crucial role to play in helping ensure all children learn to 
swim and know how to keep themselves safe in and around water. This can be 
especially important for those pupils who may not have the opportunity to take part in 
swimming and water safety lessons outside of school. We have set up an 
independent Curriculum and Assessment Review which is seeking to deliver a 
curriculum that ensures children and young people leave compulsory education 
ready for life and ready for work, building the knowledge, skills and attributes young 
people need to thrive. In parallel we are carrying out further engagement on changes 
to be made to statutory Health Education. In making those changes, we will look at 
how best to complement swimming and water safety lessons already delivered 
through the PE curriculum, to ensure that all pupils are taught about water safety, 
including the water safety code, as recommended in the report. This consideration 
will build on the work and opportunities that are already underway.  

Data from Sport England Active Lives Children and Young People Survey (2022/23) 
report that 94.2% of primary schools surveyed reported they provide swimming 
lessons.  As you have highlighted in your report, swimming and water safety are 
compulsory elements of the National Curriculum for Physical Education. It states 
that: 

All schools must provide swimming instruction either in key stage 1 or key stage 2. In 
particular, pupils should be taught to:  

•  swim competently, confidently and proficiently over a distance of at least 25 

metres  

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 •  use a range of strokes effectively [for example, front crawl, backstroke and 

breaststroke]  

•  perform safe self-rescue in different water-based situations. 

Pool-based lessons should teach children important water safety skills like treading 
water, safe exit and entry of the water and floating. We know, however, that some 
schools need additional support to deliver high quality swimming and water safety 
lessons: a recent omnibus survey by the Department reported that primary teachers 
who taught PE to key stage 1 and 2 pupils were generally confident planning, 
delivering, or supporting a PE lesson to improve a range of pupil outcomes. The 
exception, however, was in terms of planning, delivering, or supporting a PE lesson 
that improved swimming and water safety skills, in which a third of teachers (34%) 
were confident at key stage 1 and 46% of teachers at key stage 2.  Swim England 
and the Swimming Teachers’ Association have recently published nine suggested 
skills to support schools to deliver lessons that will enable children to achieve the 
‘perform safe self-rescue in different water-based situations’ attainment target. The 
nine suggested outcomes have been developed to address the skills required in 
common fatal accidental drowning scenarios.  

Water-based lessons can be complemented by classroom-based lessons that go 
further and cover aspects such as cold water shock, beach flags or the dangers of 
rip currents. There are a wide range of resources, programmes and support 
available from water safety organisations.  

The partnership the Department of Education has with swimming and water safety 
organisations, including the Royal Life Saving Society UK (RLSS UK), the Royal 
National Lifeboat Institution (RNLI), Swim England, Canal and River Trust, through 
our membership of the National Water Safety Forum Education working-group helps 
us to extend the impact of support and guidance for schools and parents.  The 
working group is focussing on supporting schools and other providers to deliver 
engaging and consistent water safety messaging that is appropriate for the age and 
capability of children and young people throughout key stages 1 to 5.   

The Department has supported the RLSS UK’s annual Drowning Prevention Week to 
help raise awareness across schools. I was pleased to learn that RLSS UK report 
that this year’s campaign reached over 1.25 million children. I will take this 
opportunity to commit to the Department supporting the 2025 campaign to help more 
schools to participate.   

It is important that all children have the opportunity to learn to swim and know the 
dangers of water. We are funding the Inclusion 2024 programme, which is led by the 
Youth Sport Trust, to increase and improve opportunities for children with special 
educational needs and disabilities to take part in PE, sport and physical activity. The 
programme includes a specific project focussing on swimming and water safety, 
which is led by Swim England. A series of free tools, guidance and advice have been 
developed and are available on Swim England’s website. These resources are also 
being extended onto nasen’s Inclusive Education Hub, so they can reach more 
teachers. 

2 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 The Primary PE and Sport Premium can be used by schools to improve their 
swimming and water safety provision. Schools can use their premium to provide top-
up swimming and water safety lessons for children not able to meet the national 
curriculum expectation after core lessons, for teacher training or to provide a broader 
range of aquatic sports to pupils. 

Water safety should be part of every child’s education, with PE and RSHE providing 
good opportunities for practical and classroom-based learning. No family should 
have to endure the heartbreak of Joe and Sunnah’s families and I welcome further 
opportunities for the Department to work alongside them and sector organisations on 
awareness raising campaigns.  

Yours, 

Minister for School Standards 

3

Related reports

Other reports by Rachael Griffin

See all →

More reports categorised “Child Death (from 2015)”

See all →

Track South West Ambulance Service NHS Foundation Trust

See every Prevention of Future Deaths report matching South West Ambulance Service NHS Foundation Trust, and how often a new one appears.

What would an alert for this have sent me? Search the full text

Free to try — the preview shows the real matches and how many arrived in the last 12 months. Your first email alert is free.

These reports are published by the Chief Coroner's office at judiciary.uk and are © Crown copyright. The text here is reproduced from the published PDF so it can be searched. If something on this page is wrong, or you are a person named in it and want it reviewed, email drcjar@gmail.com and we will act promptly.