Prevention of Future Deaths reports · 2025

Venetia Pierce

Regulation 28 report to prevent future deaths, reference 2025-0427, written 19 Aug 2025. A coroner writes one of these when an inquest reveals a risk that could cause further deaths unless something changes.

Date of report19 Aug 2025
Reference2025-0427
DeceasedVenetia Pierce
CoronerSusan Ridge
Coroner areaSurrey
CategoryAlcohol, drug and medication related deaths
Sourcejudiciary.uk record · original PDF
Responses published1

The report

Text extracted from the PDF text layer. Reproduced verbatim, including the scan's own layout.

IN THE SURREY CORONER’S COURT 
IN THE MATTER OF: 

__________________________________________________________ 

The Inquest Touching the Death of Venetia Clarissa Pierce  
A Regulation 28 Report – Action to Prevent Future Deaths 
__________________________________________________________ 

1  THIS REPORT IS BEING SENT TO: 

Chief Executive  
Medicines and Healthcare Products Regulatory Agency (MHRA) 

Chief Executive 
EMIS Health 

2  CORONER 

Ms Susan Ridge, H.M. Assistant Coroner for Surrey 

3  CORONER’S LEGAL POWERS 

I make this report under paragraph 7(1) of Schedule 5 to The Coroners 
and Justice Act 2009. 

4 

INQUEST 

An inquest into Mrs Pierces death was opened on 16 January 2025.  The 
inquest was resumed and concluded on 6 August 2025.     

The medical cause of Mrs Pierces’ death was: 

1a. Nitrofurantoin induced pneumonitis 
2. Frailty 

With respect to where, when and how Mrs Pierce came by her death it 
was recorded at Box 3 of the Record of Inquest as follows: 

Venetia Clarissa Pierce died at the Royal Surrey County Hospital, 
Guildford on 30 December 2024 from nitrofurantoin induced pneumonitis 
a recognised complication of taking that antibiotic. Her underlying frailty 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 contributed to the cause of death as it undermined her ability to recover. 
Mrs Pierce had been prescribed nitrofurantoin in February 2024 as 
prophylactic treatment to prevent recurrent urinary infections.   

The inquest concluded with a narrative conclusion: 

 Recognised complications of nitrofurantoin medication.  

5  CIRCUMSTANCES OF THE DEATH 

During the course of the inquest the court heard that Mrs Pierce, an 
elderly frail lady suffered with recurrent urinary infections. In February 
2024 she was prescribed nitrofuratoin by her surgery as a prophylactic 
treatment to prevent those infections. As this helped Mrs Pierce, the 
prescription was placed on repeat and she continued to take the antibiotic 
as a prophylactic.  Over 2024, Mrs Pierce reported a number of lower 
respiratory tract infections and periods of coughing. On 22 December 2024 
she was taken to hospital and admitted with symptoms of a chest 
infection. Although her infection appeared to have reduced and she was 
actively treated with antibiotics and steroids, Mrs Pierce continued to 
decline. Further testing and examination of her history revealed that it 
was more likely than not that she had developed nitrofurantoin induced 
pneumonitis which led to her death on 30 December 2024.    

 
 
 
 
  
  
 6  CORONER’S CONCERNS 

The MATTERS OF CONCERN are: 

a. The MHRA issued a drug safety alert regarding the risks of pulmonary 
and hepatic adverse drug reactions in relation to nitrofurantoin in April 
2023. However, no MHRA safety alert appeared on the surgery EMIS 
system when the drug was prescribed to Mrs Pierce. The court heard that 
the safety alert only arises when patients have a pre-existing pulmonary 
disease which Mrs Pierce did not have.   

b. Although a “recognised” complication, understanding of the potential 
for pulmonary damage and respiratory failure from use of nitrofurantoin 
in the elderly may remain low. The court heard evidence from a 
respiratory consultant that awareness amongst GPs, hospital clinicians 
including urologists was limited and that even if Mrs Pierce had been 
referred to hospital earlier the condition might not have been diagnosed. 

7  ACTION SHOULD BE TAKEN 

In my opinion action should be taken to prevent future deaths and I 
believe that the people listed in paragraph one above have the power to 
take such action.  

8  YOUR RESPONSE 

You are under a duty to respond to this report within 56 days of its date; I 
may extend that period on request. 

Your response must contain details of action taken or proposed to be 
taken, setting out the timetable for such action. Otherwise, you must 
explain why no action is proposed. 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 9  COPIES 

I have sent a copy of this report to the following: 

1.  Chief Coroner  
2.  Mrs Pierces’ family  
3.  Surrey Heartlands Integrated Care System 
4.  Springfield Surgery 
5.  Royal Surrey County Hospital 

10  Signed: 

Susan Ridge  
H.M Assistant Coroner for Surrey 

Dated 19 August 2025

Responses

1 response published against this report on judiciary.uk. A response is a body's written reply to the coroner's concerns; publication is at the discretion of the Chief Coroner's office, so an absent response does not mean nobody replied.

Response from Emis (PDF)
Fulford Grange 
Micklefield Lane 
Leeds, LS19 6BA 

optum.com 

October 14, 2025 

FAO Susan Ridge  
HM Assistant Coroner for Surrey 

Dear Ms Ridge, 

We write in response to the Regulation 28 Report dated 19th August 2025 (the “Report”). 

We were sorry to read about the passing of Mrs Pierce, and we would like to take this opportunity to offer our 
condolences to her family following their loss.  

We have undertaken an internal review of EMIS Web (the “System”), focusing on the issue raised as a concern in the 
Report that was relevant to Optum as a healthcare IT supplier.  We understand your view is that more needs to be 
done in terms of MHRA Drug Alerts, specifically in this case, regarding the risks of pulmonary and hepatic adverse 
drug reactions in relation to Nitrofurantoin. 

This review was undertaken by our internal team, including two Medical Directors, a Clinical Safety Officer, the Head 
of Clinical Safety and a Clinical Informatician. 

Investigation Findings 
EMIS Web provides a number of alerts and warnings, when relevant, specifically to a patient’s current medication, 
diagnoses or applicable laboratory results.  Alerts are embedded at natural decision points in the user flow and are 
tiered in terms of severity.  This is designed to reduce alert fatigue and ensure critical alerts are prominent and 
presented early to the user.  It should be noted however that alerts and warnings do not replace a clinician’s clinical 
reasoning but are there to assist in the decision-making process. 

Following consent being granted by Springfield Surgery, we investigated her medical record, and it was established 
that Mrs Pierce received Nitrofurantoin on 5 occasions, across 2 prescribed courses.   

When first prescribed on the 19th February 2024; and upon the commencement of the second course on the 17th May 
2024, the system displayed several warnings (please see Fig 1).  The warnings are displayed in order of severity (as 
per the description above) and are driven by coded information within the clinical record, alerting the user to a high-
risk situation for Mrs Pierce.  In order to progress with the prescription of Nitrofurantoin, the user had to override the 
warnings. 

•  An allergy warning based upon a coded adverse drug reaction to Nitrofurantoin placed upon the record on the 

4th March 2013.  This was evident from the Audit function within the System. 

•  High Severity warnings regarding cautionary use in patients with reduced kidney function (eGFR). 
•  A Medium Severity warning relating to age; with advice to monitor lung and liver function on long-term 

therapy.  

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 (Fig 1) 

These warnings remained accessible to any user of the System at all other times, either via the Safety Check function 
or by accessing the British National Formulary (BNF) via the System – which includes all MHRA Safety Alerts. 

Conclusion 
As a provider of Clinical Decision Support tools, Optum always looks for opportunity to enhance its products to enable 
clinicians to be best supported when taking ultimate responsibility for any clinical decisions and / or care that is 
provided.  

In this instance, based on the information provided in the Report, and our subsequent review, we do not believe there 
are any software developments beyond the existing functionality in the System that are required to mitigate the 
specific risk raised in the Report. 

We trust that the details outlined above are helpful. If you have any further queries then please contact our Senior 
Clinical Director,

, in the first instance. 

Kind regards, 

Chief Medical and Strategy Officer

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