Prevention of Future Deaths reports · 2025

Stuart Gilchrist

Regulation 28 report to prevent future deaths, reference 2025-0460, written 10 Sep 2025. A coroner writes one of these when an inquest reveals a risk that could cause further deaths unless something changes.

Date of report10 Sep 2025
Reference2025-0460
DeceasedStuart Gilchrist
CoronerLorraine Harris
Coroner areaHull and East Riding of Yorkshire
CategoryCare Home Health related deaths
Sourcejudiciary.uk record · original PDF
Responses published2

The report

Text extracted from the PDF text layer. Reproduced verbatim, including the scan's own layout.

REGULATION 28:  REPORT TO PREVENT FUTURE DEATHS (1)

NOTE: This form is to be used after an inquest.

REGULATION 28 REPORT TO PREVENT FUTURE DEATHS

THIS REPORT IS BEING SENT TO:

The Food Standards Agency –
Health and Safety Executive –
East Riding Council –

1

CORONER

Miss Lorraine Harris, Area Coroner,
East Riding of Yorkshire and City of Kingston Upon Hull.

2

CORONER’S LEGAL POWERS

I make this report under paragraph 7, Schedule 5, of the Coroners and Justice
Act 2009 and Regulations 28 and 29 of the Coroners (Investigations) Regulations
2013.

3

INVESTIGATION and INQUEST

On 13th June 2025 I commenced an investigation into the death of Stuart
GILCHRIST, aged 77 years. The investigation concluded at the end of the inquest
on 8th September 2025.

The conclusion of the inquest was:
ACCIDENT

The following findings of fact were made:

 Mr GILCHRIST had a history of suffering with his mental health, and was

therefore in a supported living care facility under DOLS.

 His  past  medical  history  included  schizophrenia  and  Type  2  Diabetes
Mellitus.    These  were  originally  included  in  his  cause  of  death  under
section  2  but  given  the  circumstances  and  mode  of  death  they  did  not
contribute  to  his  demise  and  as  such  I  do  not  feel  they  belong  on  the
cause of death but rather in my Findings of Fact.

 Mr  GILCHRIST  had  been  very  ill  in  Autumn  of  2024  and  been  on  a
restricted diet, I find this was necessary and appropriate at that time.

o When on a pureed diet, Mr Gilchrist did not like the presentation

of his food, but he did eat it.

 Mr  GILCHRIST  was  discharged  from  the  Speech  and  Language  Therapy
Service  (SALT)  –  the  team  that  gave  advice  re  diet  -  in  January  2025
following observations in December 2024.  This again was appropriate.
In May 2025 Mr GILCHRIST choked on a bacon sandwich.  The Care Home
issued
sought  medical  attention  which  advised  observations  and 



1

 antibiotics  with  regard  to  any  residual  chest  infection.    The  Care  Home
did the right thing by referring for medical attention.

o Had  they  referred  the  matter  to  SALT  then  a  telephone
assessment  would  have  taken  place.    In  the  circumstances  and
with  hindsight,  this  would  have  been  best  practice.    However,
given that a telephone consultation would have taken place and
it would have been reported that, bar this incident, Mr GILCHRIST
had  been  coping  on  a  normal  diet,  I  find  that  it  would not  have
made a difference to Mr GILCHRIST’s diet at the time of his death.
 On the day of his death, Mr GILCHRIST was on a trip out with care home
staff  and  other  service  users.    The  staff  to  service  user  ratio  was
appropriate.  It is worthy of note that Mr GILCHRIST was in an area that
was very dear to him.

 When  Mr  GILCHRIST’s  food  arrived,  it  was  cut  up  appropriately  and  he

was in sight of staff during the meal.



 As  soon  as  Mr  GILCHRIST’s  demeanour  changed  it  was  spotted  in  a
timely manner by care home staff.  Immediate and appropriate first aid
was given by way of back slaps following by abdominal thrusts, both of
which  were  unsuccessful.    Emergency  services  were  called  immediately
and staff conducted cardio-pulmonary resuscitation (CPR).
Staff called for a “LifeVac” suction device which is available in many care
homes  but  not  necessarily  available  in  restaurants,  one  was  not
available.
Paramedics  arrived  and  used  forceps  and  a  laryngoscope  to  remove  a
large  amount  of  potato  and  meat  from  Mr  GILCHRIST’s  airway.    CPR
continued and he was conveyed to hospital.

 RPFD  –  I  will  make  a  report  to  those  who  have  oversight  for  safety  in



Restaurants regarding the usefulness of LifeVac type facilities.

Box 3 of the record of inquest read:
On  11th  June  2025  Stuart  GILCHRIST,  aged  77  years,  attended  a  restaurant  for
lunch with staff and other service users from his care home.  During the meal Mr
GILCHRIST  stood  up  from  the  table  and  it  was  evident  that  he  was  unable  to
breath.    Despite  prompt  assistance  from  staff  with  back  slaps  and  abdominal
thrusts,  Mr  GILCHRIST  collapsed  and  cardiopulmonary  resuscitation  (CPR)  was
immediately commenced.  An ambulance attended and removed food from his
airway,  they  continued  with  CPR  but  on  arrival  at  Hull  Royal  Infirmary  Mr
GILCHRIST  was  in  cardiac  arrest.    CPR  was  continued  but  unsuccessful  and  Mr
GILCHRIST was declared deceased that day.

His medical cause of death was recorded as:
1a
1b

Hypoxic Brain Injury
Choking

4

CIRCUMSTANCES OF THE DEATH

2

 In June 2025 Stuart GILCHRIST was out with carers and other service users from his
care home when he choked while eating lunch at a restaurant. He had previously been
on a restricted diet due to swallow issues following ill health in Autum 2024 but since
December 2024 been deemed suitable for a normal diet and discharged from the SALT
team in January 2025.  He did have one further episode of coughing/choking on food in
May 2025.  Medical assistance was sought, SALT were not contacted for a re-referral.
Care staff did all they could to assist Mr GILCHRIST with back slaps, abdominal thrusts
and eventually CPR.  During this assistance the Care Staff member asked if the
restaurant had a LifeVac style device, which is an inexpensive item that can help
remove items from someone’s airways.  This device is available at the Care Home.  The
restaurant did not have one.

5

CORONER’S CONCERNS

During the course of the inquest the evidence revealed matters giving rise to
concern. In my opinion there is a risk that future deaths could occur unless
action is taken. In the circumstances it is my statutory duty to report to you.

The MATTERS OF CONCERN are as follows.  –

1. During the evidence it was heard that there is a device that may assist in
incidents of choking, it was referred to as a LifeVac (this may be a trade
name).  The care staff member, had recognised that Mr GILCHRIST was
choking and while administering assistance to him had the foresight to
ask if the restaurant had a “LifeVac” style device.
It was acknowledged during the inquest that restaurants have first aid
items and some may have equipment such as a defibrillator however
they may not be aware that this useful item exists, nor that it is
relatively inexpensive.

2.

3. At the time the evidence was heard, I was unaware of who would be
responsible for advising restaurants and food establishments of the
availability of such an item, or to raise with those outlets its usefulness
should a customer begin to choke; so therefore this RPFD is sent to three
organisations who may have varying levels of responsibility - without
restaurants and food establishments being made aware of such an item,
they may not think to purchase one and retain it within their first aid
armoury.
I also appreciate that LifeVac is probably a trade name and I only use it
to describe the type of item that would be deemed useful.

4.

6

ACTION SHOULD BE TAKEN

In my opinion action should be taken to prevent future deaths and I believe
your department/organisation have the power to take such action.

7

YOUR RESPONSE

You are under a duty to respond to this report within 56 days of the date of this
report, namely by 5th November 2025.  I, the coroner, may extend the period.

3

 Your response must contain details of action taken or proposed to be taken,
setting out the timetable for action. Otherwise, you must explain why no action
is proposed.

8

COPIES and PUBLICATION

I have sent a copy of my report to:

 The family of Mr Stuart GILCHRIST
 The Care Home where Mr GILCHRIST was a resident
 The Food Standards Agency
 The Health and Safety Executive
 Heath and Safety at East Riding of Yorkshire Council

I am also under a duty to send a copy of your response to the Chief Coroner and
all interested persons who in my opinion should receive it.

I may also send a copy of your response to any other person who I believe may
find it useful or of interest.

The Chief Coroner may publish either or both in a complete or redacted or
summary form. She may send a copy of this report to any person who he
believes may find it useful or of interest.

You may make representations to me, the coroner, at the time of your
response, about the release or the publication of your response.

9

[DATE]                                              [SIGNED BY CORONER]

10th September 2025                                  Lorraine Harris

4

Responses

2 responses published against this report on judiciary.uk. A response is a body's written reply to the coroner's concerns; publication is at the discretion of the Chief Coroner's office, so an absent response does not mean nobody replied.

Response from East Riding Council (PDF)
County Hall  Beverley  East Riding of Yorkshire  HU17 9BA  Telephone (01482) 393939 
www.eastriding.gov.uk 
Angela Dearing  Director of Housing, Transportation and Public Protection 

The Coroners Courts & Office 
The Guildhall 
Alfred Gelder Street 
Kingston Upon Hull 
HU1 2AA 

Dear 

, 

Date: 

16 September 2025 

Further to our recent email correspondence in relation to the death of Stuart Gilchrist 
and the subsequent Regulation 28.  

I am still waiting for contact from my link officer at the HSE, and will forward on the 
details if I am able to obtain an appropriate contact. I was unaware that 
was the Chief Executive at the HSE, but I am sure that as this was sent to 
will find its way to the appropriate person within their organisation.  

 it 

To confirm the Local Authority does not have powers to specify the equipment that is 
provided in first aid kits. We also do not publish guidance on what should be 
provided in a first aid kit.  

The Health and Safety (First-Aid) Regulations 1981 require employers to provide 
adequate and appropriate equipment, facilities and personnel to ensure their 
employees receive immediate attention if they are injured or taken ill at work. The 
equipment provided should be determined by a medical needs assessment. The 
HSE publish guidance on the Regulations and the guidance includes information on 
what first aid equipment should be included in a first aid kit. For this reason, I 
recommend that the most appropriate organisation to serve the Regulation 28 onto 
was the HSE as they publish guidance freely available to all businesses in the UK. 
Our Local Authority would signpost businesses to this guidance and would not 
provide specific guidance ourselves.  

Furthermore, the Regulations cover first aid for employees only. There are no legal 
requirements for businesses to provide first aid to members of the public such as 
customers although it is recommended as best practice. 

Please can I check if this response if sufficient and you can retract the serving of the 
Regulation 28? Or do you require a response within the require timeframe by the 
Councils Chief Executive? Please note that 
. 
the Acting Chief Executive is 

 has left the Authority and 

Executive Director of Communities and Environment 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
  
  
 Please contact me on 
and I would be happy to assist. 

Yours sincerely 

if you would like to discuss this matter further 

Principal Officer (Health, Safety and Licensing)
Response from Health and Safety Executive (PDF)
Miss Lorraine Harris 

Area Coroner 

East Riding of Yorkshire and City of Kingston Upon Hull 

Health and Safety 
Executive 

Chief Executive 

Redgrave Court 

Merseyside L20 7HS 

Chief.executive@hse.gov.uk   

http://www.hse.gov.uk/  

05 November 2025 

Dear Miss Harris, 

REGULATION  28  PREVENTION  OF  FUTURE  DEATHS  –  the  death  of  Stuart 
GILCHRIST 

Thank  you  for  your  Regulation  28  report  of  10th  September,  in  relation  to  the  death 
Stuart Gilchrist, following a choking incident whilst dining at a restaurant with members 
of staff from the care home, at which he was a resident.  

I would like to express my condolences to Mr. Gilchrist’s family and loved ones. 

Your  report  raises  as  matters  of  concern,  that  had  the  restaurant  had  access  to  a 
Lifevac, or similar anti choking device, it might have been used to alleviate the choking 
in  this  incident.  You  report  further  concerns  that  restaurants  may  be  unaware  of  the 
existence and potential uses of such devices, and about who might have responsibility 
to address this lack of awareness. 

As a foundation for this response, I will firstly set out the health and safety legislation 
that covers responsibilities for workplace first aid provision, and actions employers must 
take to meet their responsibilities under this legislation. 

The Health and Safety (First-Aid) Regulations 1981 require employers to provide such 
equipment  and  facilities  that  are  adequate  and  appropriate  to  enable  first  aid  for 
employees who are injured or become ill at work. These regulations do not apply to non-
employees  such  as  customers  in  a  restaurant.  The  regulations  do  not  prescribe  the 
facilities  or  equipment  that  individual  employers  should  provide,  but  require  each 

 
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 employer  to  undertake  a  first  aid  needs  assessment  to  determine  the  appropriate 
provision for that business. 

There  is  no  requirement  within  these  regulations  for  employers  to  provide  specific 
pieces of equipment such as anti-choking devices. HSE is not the responsible body for 
regulation of such medical equipment and it is not within our regulatory remit to approve 
or promote their use.   

The Medicines and Healthcare Regulatory Agency (MHRA) is an Executive Agency of 
the Department for Health and Social Care (DHSC), with responsibility for the regulation 
and licensing of medical equipment and devices in the UK. MHRA Information on the 
licensing  and  use  of  anti-choking  devices  can  be  found  here:  Medical  devices: 
information for patients - GOV.UK  The guidance includes a link to the website of the 
Resuscitation  Council  UK,  which  has  further  information  on  the  use  of  anti-choking 
devices.  

Should  you  wish  to  raise  your concerns  with  MHRA,  you  can make  initial contact  at: 
info@mhra.gov.uk  

Yours sincerely 

Chief Executive

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