Prevention of Future Deaths reports · 2015

Paul Kalnins

Regulation 28 report to prevent future deaths, reference 2015-0278, written 15 Jul 2015. A coroner writes one of these when an inquest reveals a risk that could cause further deaths unless something changes.

Date of report15 Jul 2015
Reference2015-0278
DeceasedPaul Kalnins
CoronerNadia Persaud
Coroner areaEast London
CategoryOther related deaths
Sourcejudiciary.uk record · original PDF
Responses published1

The report

Text recovered by OCR from a scanned PDF. OCR is imperfect: check anything you rely on against the source PDF. Reproduced verbatim, including the scan's own layout.

REGULATION 28: REPORT TO PREVENT FUTURE DEATHS

REGULATION 28 REPORT TO PREVENT FUTURE DEATHS

THIS REPORT IS BEING SENT TO:

1. Commissioner of the Metropolis, c/o Directorate of Legal Services, 1*
Floor, Victoria Block, New Scotland Yard, 8-10 Broadway, SW1H 0BG

CORONER

| am Nadia Persaud, Senior Coroner for the Eastern Area of Greater London

CORONER’S LEGAL POWERS

| make this report under paragraph 7, Schedule 5, of the Coroners and Justice Act 2009
and regulations 28 and 29 of the Coroners (Investigations) Regulations 2013.
http:/ legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2013/1629/part/7/m:

~ | INVESTIGATION and INQUEST

The investigation into the death of PAULS RICARDS KALNINS commenced on the 9"
July 2014 and concluded on Friday 10" July 2015.

The inquest concluded with a conclusion of suicide.

CIRCUMSTANCES OF THE DEATH

Mr Kalnins, who was aged 19 at the time of his death, had a history of depression. His
mental state deteriorated significantly in May 2014. On the 31 May 2014 he went
missing from home and he was reported to the police as a missing person. He returned
of his own volition on the 2"° June 2014. After his return, he was very withdrawn. An
incident occurred, whereby he lay in the road in the early hours of the 23 June 2014,
resulted in him being taken to Newham General Hospital. On this occasion he
complained of hearing voices telling him to harm himself. He left the hospital before
assessment and he was reported missing by his mother later that day. On the 5" July
2014, Mr Kalnins was spoken to by 4 police officers on routine patrol. He was found
sitting under an underpass. Checks of the PNC revealed he had been reported as a
missing person and had discharged himself from hospital. Further checks through the
support channel were made and the officer requested further information be provided,
from the Merlin database. The communications officer did not identify any concerns
about Mr Kalnins’ mental health and he could not locate a telephone number for Mr
Kalnins’ next of kin. The Merlin database did contain the next of kin’s telephone number
and also the fact that his mother was concerned that Mr Kalnins might harm himself, due
to his mental state. When the officers returned to the station some hours later, to update
the Merlin database, they found the additional information. Attempts were made to
return to Mr Kalnins. Unfortunately, Mr Kalnins, had left the location and could not be
found. The following day, he was found hanging in a shed to the rear of Foresters
apartments in Barking, Essex.

CORONER’S CONCERNS

During the course of the inquest the evidence revealed matters giving rise to concern. In
my opinion there is a risk that future deaths will occur unless action is taken. In the
circumstances it is my statutory duty to report to you.

The MATTERS OF CONCERN are as follows. —
(1)The communications officer confirmed that he had worked in his role for 15 years, but

had had little need to obtain data from the Merlin database. Whilst he therefore had
access to it, he was not familiar with it. He confirmed that he had last had training in
2011, in relation to the database.

(2) The communications officer said that he did not know where to look for the required
details. He explained that the database is complex to navigate. The front screen does
not contain any key information relating to risk.

(3) An investigation was carried out by the Directorate of Professional Standards and
they found that the communications officer had accessed the correct pages of the Merlin
database but had failed to see the relevant pieces of information.

(4) The line manager for the communications officer concerned, confirmed that it would
“100% assist if key risks come up automatically on the front screen of the Merlin
database”.

(5) She confirmed that the communications officers are under a lot of pressure when
they provide information to officers on the ground; they do not need to access the Merlin
database regularly and have to go through a lot of detail in the database. She agreed
that refresher training for communications officers would also be useful.

(6) The investigator from the Directorate of Professional Standards, [EEE a!so
agreed that the Merlin database is a piece of software which could be improved and
could be more user-friendly. He agreed that Merlin is an important database and it
would be useful to have refresher training.

(7)It was considered that the identification of the grade of risk (low, medium or high) on
the front page, together with a brief explanation as to the type of risk posed, is likely to
assist in prompting the communications officer to undertake a more detailed search of
key parts of the database. [INI suggested that the warning could be in red.

Having heard all of the above evidence, | consider that if the key risks could be
highlighted on the front screen of the Merlin database, this would greatly assist
communications officers and reduce risk to vulnerable persons in the future. Mandatory
refresher training for communications officers, may also reduce risk.

6 | ACTION SHOULD BE TAKEN

In my opinion action should be taken to prevent future deaths and | believe you have the
power to take such action.

7 | YOUR RESPONSE

You are under a duty to respond to this report within 56 days of the date of this report,
namely by, 9 September 2015. |, the coroner, may extend the period.

Your response must contain details of action taken or proposed to be taken, setting out
the timetable for action. Otherwise you must explain why no action is proposed.

8 | COPIES and PUBLICATION

| have sent a _ of my report to the Chief Coroner and to the mother of the deceased

| am also under a duty to send the Chief Coroner a copy of your response.

| will also forward a copy of your response sh

The Chief Coroner may publish either or both in a complete or redacted or summary
form. He may send a copy of this report to any person who he believes may find it useful
or of interest. You may make representations to me, the coroner, at the time of your
response, about the release or the publication of your response by the Chief Coroner.

9 | 15 July 2015 [SIGNED BY CORONER]

ins

Responses

1 response published against this report on judiciary.uk. A response is a body's written reply to the coroner's concerns; publication is at the discretion of the Chief Coroner's office, so an absent response does not mean nobody replied.

Response from Metropolitan Police (PDF)
Uae TOTAL POLICING

DIRECTORATE OF PROFESSIONALISM

Fiona Taylor
Senior Coroner Nadia Persaud, Deputy Assistant Commissioner
The Coroners Court
Queens Road Room 918
Walthamstow E17 8QP New Scotland Yard
Broadway
London
SW1H OBG

Our ref: IX-540-14

Date: 9th September 2015
Dear Ms Persaud,

| write on behalf of the Metropolitan Police Service in response to your Regulation 28 report

to prevent future deaths, dated 15th July 2015. This was prepared following the inquest into

the death of Pauls Ricards Kalnins, heard on 9th and 10th July 2015. Mr Kalnins was initially
reported as a missing person, seen alive by police on 5th July 2014 and subsequently found
hanging in a shed to the rear of Foresters Apartments, Barking Essex on 6th July 2014. You
will recall that the finding of the inquest was suicide.

Matters of Concern

In your ‘Matters of Concern’ comments you reviewed the communication officer’s evidence
of his unfamiliarity with the system, its reported complexity, and the issue of refresher
training, before concluding:

1."! consider that if the key risks could be highlighted on the front screen of the Merlin
database, this would greatly assist communications officers and reduce risk to
vulnerable persons in the future.”

2."Mandatory refresher training for communications officers may also reduce the risk."
MPS Response - Preface
In drafting a response to these points, subject area experts have been consulted, principally:

e lan Cox and Richard Gittings, of HQ Digital Policing, under the ultimate command of
Commander Alison Newcomb, Business lead owner for the Merlin database system;

e Chief Inspector Paul O'Herlihy, Chief Inspector -Professional Standards & Continuous
Improvement Standards & Capability Unit, Central Communications Command (MET
CC), responsible for communications staff.

Dates, relevant parties, and communications have, where possible, been confirmed by
reference to emails, meeting minutes, published policies, intranet communications or other
documents. The following is based on a review of such documents. The above parties have,
in turn, reviewed this response. | have not had sight of transcripts of any oral evidence from
the inquest itself, so in the event of any variance between these reported facts and evidence
you know to have been presented during the inquest itself, | of course defer to your greater
knowledge.

Response Concern #1: Highlighting Risks on the front screen of Merlin

HE statics that if information is correctly input onto the system in the first place, the
suggested functionality is already present on the system, and would result in a red warning
triangle being prominently visible on the top right of every page of the database entry.
Clicking on this triangle takes one directly to the relevant warning text. An internal briefing
document with screen shots taken from Mr Kalnins’ real Merlin record has been prepared to
illustrate this, but as this contains sensitive personal data.which should not be circulated to
third parties without permission, It has not been included here. If you wish to have sight of
this document, please advise, and we will facilitate this separately. The document has been
viewed by Detective Sergeant PF my Organisational Learning Manager and she
confirms that it illustrates the process by which the Warning Signal alert is invoked when
creating or updating a record, by selecting from a clickable drop down list of Warning
Signals, which can be used to highlight any issues explored more discursively in the free text
‘DETS’ entries. As Mr Gittings states at point #6 of his briefing note:

“This addresses the recommendations of the Coroner, but as with any IT system, it
depends on users inputting information correctly.”

In short, individual operator error might be said to be an issue in this aspect of the case, but
that error lay principally in the omission of the original inputting officer, in failing to select the
appropriate warning flag to accompany and highlight the free text information found in the
relevant ‘DETS’ entry.

Had an appropriate flag been selected at the point of entry creation - ‘Mental’ [health],
‘Suicidal’ and ‘Self Harm’ are three examples of the selection available, from a longer drop
down list — then the front page, and every other page of the report viewed by the
communications officer would have born the unmistakeable and very visible red triangle
‘road sign’ graphic icon containing an exclamation mark in the top right corner of every page
of the record, offering a direct, clickable link to the relevant information.

In relation to this area of concern, the Metropolitan Police Service does not intend to make
changes to the Merlin database because the functionality identified already exists. However,
the importance of this functionality will be part of the training that is set out below, with an
intended completion date of 31 March 2016.

Response Concern #2: Refresher Training

It nevertheless remains true that an operator who was more experienced with the Merlin
database than the communications officer in this case, may have thought to check the DETs
entries in case any vital information was missing.

This, and the evidence given at inquest by both the communications officer and the DPS
investigator, EE regarding the relative lack of ‘user friendliness’ in the Merlin system,
suggests that more could be done to improve the knowledge of our communications staff in
regards to the system. This need has become more pressing since January this year, when
Merlin was adapted to provide the central repository of non-criminal information about adult
‘Vulnerable Persons’ coming to the notice of police. This includes information regarding
police knowledge of a person's previous mental health history.

With this in mind and in direct response to this recommendation, Chief Inspector O’Herlihy

contacted all line managers for the affected staff as set out below on the 12th August 2015.
This was on the instructions of Operations Superintendent at MET CC a

“The recommendation for Met CC was to accept that mandatory refresher training for
communications officers on the Merlin database may reduce the risk. J fully
accepted this and asked that a plan be developed to deliver this training. The training
is delivered via [computer based training] NCALT over three modules and takes a
couple of hours...a completion date of 31st March 2016 , has been set to allow for a
final compliance check at. the yearly Performance Development Review point... |
have suggested that priority should be given to the staff not trained, with the
opportunity to refresh understanding for staff who are... can | ask you to ensure that
line managers are aware of this requirement and that training is monitored at each
centre to ensure 100% compliance, by 31st March 2016.”

The intention therefore is that by 31st March 2016, all current staff at MET CC will have had
recent refresher training, incorporating both the importance of the ‘red flag’ marker and the
possibility that there may be important detail contained in the incident reports not flagged by
it. The completion of this training will be checked at an individual’s annual performance
review to ensure compliance.

In Conclusion

| trust the measures taken above reassure you that we have responded fully and promptly to
the points you have raised arising from this tragic incident.

vlurs acu,

jona lor
Deputy istant Commissioner

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