Prevention of Future Deaths reports · 2020

Mohan Acharya

Regulation 28 report to prevent future deaths, reference 2020-0045, written 27 Feb 2020. A coroner writes one of these when an inquest reveals a risk that could cause further deaths unless something changes.

Date of report27 Feb 2020
Reference2020-0045
DeceasedMohan Acharya
CoronerHassan Shah
Coroner areaNorthampton
CategoryHospital Death (Clinical Procedures and medical management) related deaths
Organisation namedNorthampton General Hospital NHS Trust
Sourcejudiciary.uk record · original PDF
Responses published1

The report

Text extracted from the PDF text layer. Reproduced verbatim, including the scan's own layout.

REGULATION 28 REPORT ON ACTION TO PREVENT FUTURE DEATHS 

THIS REPORT IS BEING SENT TO: 

The Rt Hon Matt Hancock MP, Secretary of State for Health and Social Care 

1 

CORONER 

I am Hassan Shah, Assistant Coroner for the coroner area of Northampton.  

2 

CORONER’S LEGAL POWERS 

I make this report under paragraph 7, Schedule 5 of the Coroners and Justice Act 2009 
and regulations 28 and 29 of the Coroners (investigations) Regulations 2013. 

3 

INVESTIGATION and INQUEST 
On the 15/03/2018 I commenced an investigation into the death of Mr Mohan 
Acharya. The investigation concluded at the end of an inquest on 27/02/2020. 
The medical cause of death was 1A) Bilateral confluent bronchopneumonia 2) 
Acute renal failure. The narrative conclusion is detailed in section (4) below. 

4 

CIRCUMSTANCES OF THE DEATH 

Mr Mohan Acharya died on 8th March 2018 at Northampton General Hospital as 
a result of bronchopneumonia causing sepsis/infection which led to hypovolemia 
which precipitated a cardiac arrest. Although bronchopneumonia or respiratory 
sepsis could not be excluded, Mr Acharya presented with none of the usual 
features and a reasonable clinician would not have diagnosed it. It was 
reasonable to focus on the potential cardiac problem on the basis of the clinical 
presentation. The hospital was under extreme pressure and was in an Opel 4 
status; there were also a number of service failings. However, these factors did 
not more than minimally contribute to the death either singularly or in 
combination. 

5 

CORONER’S CONCERNS 

During the course of the inquest the evidence revealed matters giving rise to concern. In 
my opinion there is a risk that future deaths could occur unless action is taken. In the 
circumstances it is my statutory duty to report to you. 
The MATTERS OF CONCERN are as follows.  –  

According to the Royal College of Emergency Medicine:- 

1.  Emergency department crowding is associated with increased mortality 

amongst admitted patients; and 

2.  Approximately 500 deaths per year are caused by overcrowded Emergency 

Departments.  

1 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 6 

ACTION SHOULD BE TAKEN 

In my opinion action should be taken to prevent future deaths and I believe you AND/OR 
your organisation, have the power to take such action.  

7 

YOUR RESPONSE 

You are under a duty to respond to this report within 56 days of the date of this report, 
namely by Friday 24th April 2020. I, the coroner, may extend the period. 

Your response must contain details of action taken or proposed to be taken, setting out 
the timetable for action. Otherwise you must explain why no action is proposed. 

8 

COPIES and PUBLICATION 

I have sent a copy of my report to the Chief Coroner and to the following Interested 
Persons:-.  

(Son). 
Northampton General Hospital NHS Trust 

Similarly, you are under a duty to send the Chief Coroner a copy of your response.  

The Chief Coroner may publish either or both in a complete or redacted or summary 
form. He may send a copy of this report to any person who he believes may find it useful 
or of interest. You may make representations to me, the coroner, at the time of your 
response, about the release or the publication of your response. 

9  H Shah – Mr H Shah – Assistant Coroner, Northamptonshire 

27th February 2020 

2

Responses

1 response published against this report on judiciary.uk. A response is a body's written reply to the coroner's concerns; publication is at the discretion of the Chief Coroner's office, so an absent response does not mean nobody replied.

Response from The Department of Health and Social Care (PDF)
From Nadine Dorries MP 
Parliamentary Under Secretary of State for Patient Safety, 
Suicide Prevention and Mental Health 

39 Victoria Street 
London 
SW1H 0EU 

020 7210 4850 

Our Reference: PFD-1207632 

Mr Hassan Shah 
HM Assistant Coroner, Northampton 
Northamptonshire County Council 
Coroners Office 
One Angel Square, 4 Angel Street 
Northampton NN1 1ED 

     4 May 2020 

Dear Mr Shah,  

Thank you for your letter of 28 February 2020 to Matt Hancock about the death of Mohan 
Acharya.  I am replying as Minister with responsibility for patient safety.  

Firstly, I would like to say how saddened I was to read the circumstances of Mr Acharya’s 
death and I extend my deepest sympathies to his family and those who loved him.   

While the inquest into Mr Acharya’s death concluded that demand on the emergency 
department at the Northampton General Hospital at the time of Mr Acharya’s attendance 
and failings in his clinical care did not more than minimally contribute to his death, it is 
clear that the care and treatment he received was below the high standards of care we 
expect from the NHS and that the NHS seeks to provide.   

We must do all we can to learn from the circumstances of Mr Acharya’s death to improve 
patient safety.  I am advised that the Northampton General Hospital NHS Trust has 
apologised for the failings in the care provided to Mr Acharya.  I acknowledge the 
measures taken by the Trust to improve processes in the emergency department at 
Northampton General Hospital to reduce patient waiting times and strengthen patient 
safety.  I encourage the Trust to take every opportunity to learn from the circumstances of 
Mr Acharya’s sad death.  

We know that shorter waiting times for urgent treatment are key in improving patient 
experience and patient safety.    

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 Through implementation of the NHS Long Term Plan1, published in January 2019, the 
NHS is reforming urgent and emergency care services to ensure patients get the care they 
need quickly; to relieve pressure on accident and emergency (A&E) departments; and to 
manage additional demand in winter.   

We recognise that the A&E performance standard2 is not currently being met and part of 
the £1.6 billion additional funding that the NHS received in 2018/19 has been used to 
deliver improvements.  NHS England and NHS Improvement (NHSEI) has also made clear 
that it is committed to ensuring patients receive treatment quickly. 

Winter is a particularly demanding time for the NHS and therefore, in 2019, the 
Government provided £145 million in capital funding to help winter improvements in 
hospitals.  This included upgraded wards and re-developed A&E departments that the 
NHS expected would bring the equivalent of an additional 900 beds. 

Improvements to urgent and emergency care in 2019/20, aimed at reducing pressure on 
busy A&E departments include: 

•  Embedding a single, multi-disciplinary, Clinical Assessment Service (CAS3) within 

integrated NHS 111, ambulance dispatch and GP out of hours services;   

•  Provision of an Integrated Urgent Care Service4, available 24 hours a day, seven 

days a week and accessible via NHS 111 or online;    

•  Embedding the Same Day Emergency Care (SDEC)5 model in every hospital, in 
medical and surgical specialties.  All hospitals with major A&E departments will 
provide SDEC services at least 12 hours a day, seven days a week by the end of 
2019/20; and,  

•  Continuing to reduce unnecessary long lengths of stays in hospitals and achieve 

and maintain an average Delayed Transfer of Care (DTOC) figure of 4,000 or fewer 
delays.  This will free up beds and improve patient flow through hospitals, thereby 
reducing pressure on the transfer of patients from A&E and freeing up capacity. 

Finally, in relation to the coronavirus pandemic (COVID-19), patient safety remains our top 
priority.  We have been clear from the outset we expect COVID-19 to have a pronounced 
effect on the NHS and we are taking extensive steps to bolster the NHS’s resilience so 

1 https://www.longtermplan.nhs.uk/publication/nhs-long-term-plan/ 

2 95% of all patients to be admitted, transferred or discharged within 4 hours of arrival at A&E.  

3 Through a single Clinical Assessment Service (CAS), healthcare professionals working outside a hospital setting, staff 
within care homes, paramedics and other community-based clinicians will be able to make the best possible decision 
about how to support patients closer to home, potentially avoiding unnecessary trips to A&E. 
https://www.england.nhs.uk/urgent-emergency-care/nhs-111/next-steps-for-nhs-111/ 

4 https://www.england.nhs.uk/urgent-emergency-care/nhs-111/next-steps-for-nhs-111/ 

5 SDEC is the provision of same day care for emergency patients who would otherwise be admitted to hospital. 
https://improvement.nhs.uk/resources/same-day-emergency-care/ 

 
 
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
                                                           
 
 
 
 
 
 that dedicated NHS staff can continue to provide the best possible care for those who 
need it most.  

I hope this response is helpful.  Thank you for bringing these concerns to my attention.  

NADINE DORRIES

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