Prevention of Future Deaths reports · 2021

Suzanne Regan

Regulation 28 report to prevent future deaths, reference 2021-0247, written 16 Jul 2021. A coroner writes one of these when an inquest reveals a risk that could cause further deaths unless something changes.

Date of report16 Jul 2021
Reference2021-0247
DeceasedSuzanne Regan
CoronerColin Phillips
Coroner areaSwansea and Neath Port Talbot
CategoryRoad (Highways Safety) related deaths · Wales prevention of future deaths reports (2019 onwards)
Sourcejudiciary.uk record · original PDF
Responses published1

The report

Text extracted from the PDF text layer. Reproduced verbatim, including the scan's own layout.

REGULATION 28 REPORT TO PREVENT FUTURE DEATHS 

THIS REPORT IS BEING SENT TO: 

1.  Welsh Government (Welsh Ministers) Cathays Park Cardiff CF10 3NQ 
2.  South Wales Trunk Road Agent 12a Llandarcy House The Courtyard 

Llandarcy Skewen Neath SA10 6EJ 

1 

CORONER

I am  Colin  Phillips-, acting senior coroner, for the coroner area of Swansea and Neath 
Port Talbot 

2 

CORONER'S LEGAL POWERS 

I make this report under paragraph  7,  Schedule 5,  of the Coroners and Justice Act 2009 
and  Regulations 28 and 29 of the Coroners (Investigations) Regulations 2013. 
[HYPERLINKS] 

3 

INVESTIGATION and INQUEST 

On 22 January 2021  I commenced an investigation into the death of Suzanne Regan. 
The investigation concluded at the end of the inquest on  14 July 2021. The conclusion of 
the inquest was Road traffic Collision and the Medical Cause of death was 1 a 
Abdominal Injuries 1 b Road Traffic Collision (Driver) 
CIRCUMSTANCES OF THE DEATH 

4 

The car driven by Mrs Regan has collided with the concrete bullnose/ Armco barrier and 
travelled along the barrier before being spun over and  rolled over onto its roof.  The 
driver was pronounced dead at the scene (Junction 44 Lon Las  Interchange Exit Slip of 
M4 (Westbound) Swansea. The exit was poorly illuminated. A death with similarities was 
subject to an Inquest by an Assistant Coroner Bennett on the 16th  July 2019 at Junction 
45 when again the vehicle overturned when it came in  contact with the safety barrier. 

5 

CORONER'S CONCERNS 

During the course of the inquest the evidence revealed matters giving rise to concern.  In 
my opinion there is a risk that future deaths could occur unless action is taken.  In the 
circumstances it is my statutory duty to report to you. 

The MATTERS OF CONCERN are as follows.  -

(1} The failure to replace these old style barriers runs the risk of further deaths and 
serious injuries occurring. My understanding is that modern replacements are available. 

6 

ACTION SHOULD BE TAKEN 

In  my opinion action should be taken to prevent future deaths and  I believe you AND/OR 
your organisation have the power to take such action. 

7 

YOUR RESPONSE 

You are under a duty to respond to this report within 56 days of the date of this report, 
namely by 10th  September 2021.  I,  the coroner,  may extend the period. 

Your response must contain details of action taken or proposed to be taken, settinq out 

1 

 the timetable for action. Otherwise you  must explain why no action is  proposed. 

8 

COPIES and  PUBLICATION 

I haves ·1 .   tt 
Persons 

t 

II 

· t t l   t  1·  1 ·  

t t l"   , I t  to the following  Interested 

I am also under a duty to send the Chief Coroner a copy of your response. 

The Chief Coroner may publish either or both in a complete or redacted or summary 
form.  He may send a copy of this report to any person who he believes may find  it useful 
or of interest. You may make representations to me, the coroner,  at the time of your 
response,  about the release or the publication of your response by the Chief Coroner. 

9 

Colin  Phillips 
Acting senior Coroner Swansea 

2

Responses

1 response published against this report on judiciary.uk. A response is a body's written reply to the coroner's concerns; publication is at the discretion of the Chief Coroner's office, so an absent response does not mean nobody replied.

Response from Welsh Government (PDF)
9 September 2021 

Dear Mr Phillips 

Regulation 28 Report to prevent future deaths  

Inquest into the death of Suzanne Regan, date of death 16.01.21 

In response to your Regulation 28 Report dated July 16 2021, following the 
inquest into the death of Mrs Suzanne Regan. 

The Welsh Government would like to express its deepest condolences to 
the family of Mrs Regan. The Welsh Government is committed to improving 
road safety and take all incidents that occur on the trunk road very 
seriously.  

Road restraint systems and the Design Manual for Road and Bridges 

 Requirements for road restraint systems (CD377) is found within the 
Design Manual for Road and Bridges (DMRB) which provides requirements 
for road restraint systems and together with the associated guidance 
assists those involved in determining where road restraint systems, 
including terminals, are warranted and the minimum required parameters. 

The DMRB contains information about current standards relating to the 
design, assessment and operation of motorway and trunk roads in the 
United Kingdom. 

There is no specific requirement within CD 377 stipulating that historical 
systems should be upgraded. However, section 1.4 of CD 377 provides 
that 'where a road restraint system (RRS) can be made compliant with 
current requirements without significant undue additional expense and or 
delay, the opportunity shall be taken.' 

Therefore, non-compliant terminals are only replaced when the opportunity 
arises, this is usually when a terminal has been damaged or when planned 
maintenance in close proximity to the terminal is carried out, providing it 
can be deemed cost effective to upgrade this component as part of those 
works. 

Prior to 2006 ramped terminals were the compliant choice of terminal, 
offering a reasonable level of protection and many were installed in the UK. 

 Consequently, there are significant numbers still on the network, including 
at this location, they are however, being continually upgraded in line with 
the DMRB and CD 377. 

Alignment with National Practice 

The Welsh Government have been actively discussing this matter on a 
national level with National Highways (NH) formerly Highways England. NH 
has confirmed that their practice, in line with CD 377 is that historical 
ramped end terminals are only upgraded when the opportunity arises. In a 
three year period (2014 -2016) NH had recorded 6 fatal incidents involving 
historical ramped end terminals. One of the 6 terminals was upgraded.    

Official STATS19 road safety data have been reviewed to determine if 
there is an ongoing problem with incidents involving non-compliant 
terminals in Wales. This data shows 3 fatal incidents in a three year period 
(2018 to 2020). One of the 3 terminals has been upgraded. 

The Welsh Government is unaware of any fatal incidents involving a non-
compliant terminal between the period of 2006 and 2018.The fact that 
incidents of this nature are low in number aligns with NH's findings, and this 
matter will now be monitored closely by the Welsh Government. 

The terminal at Junction 44 of the M4 (Westbound) Swansea 

It is acknowledged that the terminal at junction 44 of the M4 Motorway is 
now a non-compliant arrangement and that a newer terminal is now 
available on the open market. 

The terminal was not upgraded immediately after the incident in January 
2021 as there was no damage incurred and in line with national standards, 
this was not warranted. Due to the age of the adjoining safety fence 
systems at this location, upgraded terminals will have to be designed 
specifically to ensure a compliant transition between systems. A level 
difference between the M4 motorway and the exit slip road also presents 
design challenges. However, further to your report and as detailed below, 
the Welsh Government has committed to undertaking this work by April 
2023. 

The terminal at Junction 45 of the M4 (Westbound) Swansea 

You have also referenced in your report an incident which occurred at 
above location in 2019.   

 The terminal at this location was not damaged as a result of the incident, 
nor were any concerns about the terminal brought to the attention of the 
Welsh Government at the time of the incident. Therefore, and in line with 
CD 377 it was not considered for upgrade. As a consequence of this being 
brought to its attention in your report, the Welsh Government has also 
committed to replacing this terminal by April 2023. 

Actions to be taken to seek to prevent future deaths   

As stated above, the Welsh Government is committed to improving road 
safety and accordingly it will ensure that the following actions are 
undertaken: 

•  Replacement of the two non-complaint terminals at junction 44 and 

junction 45. This will be progressed by April 2023. 

•  A review of terminals at all motorway exit slip roads in Wales. This 
review has already been commissioned and is to be completed by 
April 2022. A prioritised replacement programme will be developed 
and timescales for replacement will be based on that programme, 
taking into account the availability of funding. 

•  Continuation of the proactive replacement of non-complaint terminals 

in line with CD 377. 

•  Raising this matter at a national level to ensure that other highways 
authorities in the UK are made aware of the need to monitor and 
assess any incidents involving non-compliant terminals 

Please do not hesitate to make contact if you wish to discuss this matter 
further or require any additional information. 

Yours sincerely 

 Dirprwy Gyfarwyddwr / Deputy Director 

Yr Is-adran Cyflenwi Seilwaith / Infrastructure Delivery Division 

Trafnidiaeth / Transport 

Seilwaith yr Economi / Economic Infrastructure 

Llywodraeth Cymru / Welsh Government

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